Extreme instances of persecution include the pogroms which preceded the First Crusade in 1096, the expulsion from England in 1290, the massacres of Spanish Jews in 1391, the persecutions of the Spanish Inquisition, the expulsion from Spain in 1492, Cossack massacres in Ukraine, various pogroms in Russia, the Dreyfus affair, the Final Solution by Hitler's Germany, official Soviet anti-Jewish policies and the Jewish exodus from Arab and Muslim countries.

* 1099 – First Crusade: Battle of Ascalon Crusaders under the command of Godfrey of Bouillon defeat Fatimid forces led by Al-Afdal Shahanshah.

This is considered the last engagement of the First Crusade.

The map of Europe during the First Crusade in 1097.

The help which he wanted from the West was simply mercenary forces and not the immense hosts which arrived, to his consternation and embarrassment, after the pope preached the First Crusade at the Council of Clermont later that same year.

Category: Christians of the First Crusade

During Baldwin III's reign, the County of Edessa, the first crusader state established during the First Crusade, was conquered by Zengi, the Turkic emir of Aleppo.

A mitred Adhémar de Monteil carrying the Holy Lance in one of the battles of the First Crusade

Adhemar ( also known as Adémar, Aimar, or Aelarz ) de Monteil ( died 1 August 1098 ), one of the principal figures of the First Crusade, was bishop of Puy-en-Velay from before 1087.

Category: Christians of the First Crusade

The opera is set during the First Crusade and it features a dramatic mix of ballet, aria, ensemble and choral writing combining theatricality, scenic splendor and high emotionalism.

In response to a call for aid from Alexius, the First Crusade assembled at Constantinople in 1096, but declining to put itself under Byzantine command set out for Jerusalem on its own account.

Reports of cannibalism were also recorded during the First Crusade, as Crusaders were alleged to have fed on the bodies of their dead opponents following the Siege of Ma ' arrat al-Numan.

Urban II preached the First Crusade, which united Western Europe, and more importantly, reconciled the majority of bishops who had abandoned Gregory VII.

Many historians maintain that the main concern of Pope Urban II, when calling for the First Crusade, was the threat to Constantinople from the Turkish invasion of Asia Minor in response to the appeal of Emperor Alexios I Komnenos.

The rebuilt church site was taken from the Fatimids ( who had recently taken it from the Abassids ) by the knights of the First Crusade on 15 July 1099.

The First Crusade was envisioned as an armed pilgrimage, and no crusader could consider his journey complete unless he had prayed as a pilgrim at the Holy Sepulchre.

* 1110 – First Crusade: The Crusaders sack Sidon.

* 1098 – First Crusade: Massacre of Ma ' arrat al-Numan – Crusaders breach the town's walls and massacre about 20, 000 inhabitants.

The city of Antioch had been annexed by Bohemond of Hauteville in the First Crusade, and it was now ruled by Eleanor's flamboyant uncle, Raymond of Antioch, who had gained the principality by marrying its reigning Princess, Constance of Antioch.

* 1095: Pope Urban II calls for the First Crusade.

The First Crusade was composed almost entirely of Frankish Princes.

Godfrey of Bouillon | Godefroy de Bouillon, a French knight, leader of the First Crusade and founder of the Kingdom of Jerusalem.

His reign also saw the launch of the First Crusade to regain the Holy Land, which heavily involved his family although he personally did not support the expedition.

The supposed Holy Spear was unearthed from the floor of a Church during the Siege of Antioch ( 1098 ) by crusaders on the First Crusade, found by a poor and otherwise unknown monk named Peter Bartholomew.

First it was the Nations against themselves, then it was them against the whites.

First, Wright said, he was choked by the smoke, which fortunately kept him from seeing the dreadful town.

The President was even more generous with the First Lady than he had been before the tragedy.

Among the dolls was one that meant very much to the First Lady, who would pick it up and look at it often.

But she was afraid the First Lady would not understand, because Rob Roy was a perfect angel with the First Family.

It was her job to stand at the foot of the stairs, and, just as the First Lady stepped off the last tread, Mama would straighten out her long train before she marched to the Blue Room to greet her guests with the President.

Lieutenant Colonel James P. Brownlow, who commanded the First Brigade of Thomas' First Cavalry Division, was ordered across one of these fords.

Beloved Dr. R. F. Campbell, our First Presbyterian Church pastor, was in charge.

When the United States entered the First World War Baker made certain that the Draft Act of 1917 prohibited the sale of liquor to men in uniform and that it provided for broad zones around the camps in which prostitution was outlawed.

Perhaps Patchen was once involved in a train accident, and this passage from First Will And Testament may have been how the accident appeared to the poet when he first saw it -- if he did: ``

First of all there was the parsonage, an utterly impossible place for civilized people to live in, originally poorly conceived, apparently not repaired for years, with no plumbing or sewage, with rat-holes and rot.

First thing I knew he was in the kitchenette cooking up the breakfast and I was handing Eileen her coffeecup and she was lying there handsome as a queen among her courtiers.

When that was broken up after the First World War, its name was changed once more.

First was a 1958 cut of more than 50% on that portion of the load in excess of 40,000 lb ; ;

First, and most obvious, was the growing nationalism and the tendency to regard the state, and the individual's identification with the state, as transcending other ties of social solidarity.

First was the period of codification of existing law: the Code Napoleon in France and the peculiar codification that, in fact, resulted from Austin's restatement and ordering of the Common Law in England.

First of all, what is their evidence that the tactual apparatus was fundamentally undamaged??