In French, a distinction is made between fauteuil and chaise, the terms for chairs with and without armrests, respectively.

Examples in English include " crayfish " or " crawfish ", from the French crevis ; " sand-blind ", from the older samblind ( i. e. semi -, half-blind ); or " chaise lounge " for the original French chaise longue.

* chaise lounge from French chaise longue " long chair ".

In modern French the term chaise longue can refer to any long reclining chair such as a deckchair.

A sunlounger, also called a chaise longue ( from French for long chair ) in the U. S., is an article of patio, garden, swimming pool deck, or beach-side outdoor furniture.

* The Western French longère or maison longue from Lower Brittany, Normandy, Mayenne, Anjou, ( also in the Cantal, Lozère and the Pyrenees Ariege ) is very similar to the western British type with shared livestock quarters and central drain.

Historical ( 15th to 16th century ) terms for this type of sword included the Italian spada longa ( lunga ), and French longue épée.

: Long scale is the English translation of the French term échelle longue.

The first recorded use of the terms échelle courte and échelle longue was by the French mathematician Geneviève Guitel in 1975.

So Long a Letter ( translated from Une si longue lettre ) is a semi-autobiographical novel originally written in French by the Senegalese writer Mariama Bâ.

He used his power to attempt to suppress the Moderate Intelligencer of John Dillingham in June 1648 after Dillingham inserted a brief sentence of French in the issue of May 11, 1648: " Dieu nous donne les Parlements briefe, Rois de vie longue.

** Altenberg, the German name for Vieille Montagne (" old mountain " in French ), the former zinc mine in Kelmis, Moresnet

" American shot " is a translation of a phrase from French film criticism, " plan américain " and refers to a medium-long (" knee ") film shot of a group of characters, who are arranged so that all are visible to the camera.

The English word Alps derives from the French and Latin Alpes, which at one time was thought to be derived from the Latin albus (" white ").

It was originally named Antlia pneumatica (" Machine Pneumatique " in French ) to commemorate the air pump invented by the French physicist Denis Papin.

The slab on top carries the inscription (" Here lies a French soldier who died for the fatherland 1914 – 1918 ").

French poet Paul Verlaine's " Chanson d ' automne " (" Autumn Song ") is likewise characterised by strong, painful feelings of sorrow.

* Baltic Sea is used in English ; in the Baltic languages Latvian ( Baltijas jūra ) and Lithuanian ( Baltijos jūra ); in Latin ( Mare Balticum ) and the Romance languages French ( Mer Baltique ), Italian ( Mar Baltico ), Portuguese ( Mar Báltico ), Romanian ( Marea Baltică ) and Spanish ( Mar Báltico ); in Greek ( Βαλτική Θάλασσα ); in Albanian ( Deti Balltik ); in the Slavic languages Polish ( Morze Bałtyckie or Bałtyk ), Czech ( Baltské moře or Balt ), Croatian ( Baltičko more ), Slovenian ( Baltsko morje ), Bulgarian ( Baltijsko More ( Балтийско море ), Kashubian ( Bôłt ), Macedonian ( Балтичко Море / Baltičko More ), Ukrainian ( Балтійське море (" Baltijs ' ke More "), Belarusian ( Балтыйскае мора (" Baltyjskaje Mora "), Russian ( Балтийское море (" Baltiyskoye Morye ") and Serbian ( Балтичко море / Baltičko more ); in the Hungarian language ( Balti-tenger ); and also in Basque ( Itsaso Baltikoa )

As with most public transport in Cuba, the vehicles used are second hand, and the flagship Tren Francés (" French train ") between Havana and Santiago de Cuba is operated by coaches originally used in Europe between Paris and Amsterdam on the ex-TEE express.

One of the world's larger salt water lakes, Bras d ' Or (" Arm of Gold " in French ), dominates the centre of the island.

For example, the word chief ( meaning the leader of any group ) comes from the Middle French chef (" head "), and its modern pronunciation preserves the Middle French consonant sound ; the word chef ( the leader of the cooks ) was borrowed from the same source centuries later, by which time the consonant had changed to a " sh "- sound in French.

Image: FrenchMountedCrossbowman. JPG | 16th century French mounted crossbowman (" cranequinier ").

Under the Ancien Régime, French society was divided into three estates (" États " in French ).

The first estate was the clergy, the second estate was the nobility, and the third estate were the commoners (" Tiers État " in French ).

A 1954 article by Truffaut attacked La qualité française (" the French Quality ") and was the manifesto for ' la politique des Auteurs ' which Andrew Sarris later termed the auteur theory — resulting in the re-evaluation of Hollywood films and directors such as Alfred Hitchcock, Howard Hawks, Robert Aldrich, Nicholas Ray, Fritz Lang and Anthony Mann.

The first languages for which standardisation was promoted included Italian (" questione della lingua ": Modern Tuscan / Florentine vs. Old Tuscan / Florentine vs. Venetian > Modern Florentine + archaic Tuscan + Upper Italian ), French ( the standard is based on Parisian ), English ( the standard is based on the London dialect ) and ( High ) German ( based on the dialects of the chancellery of Meissen in Saxony, Middle German and the chancellery of Prague in Bohemia (" Common German ")).

This statement was likely picked up by the author of the Estoire Merlin, or Vulgate Merlin, where the author ( who was fond of fanciful folk etymologies ) asserts that Escalibor " is a Hebrew name which means in French ' cuts iron, steel, and wood '" (" c ' est non Ebrieu qui dist en franchois trenche fer & achier et fust "; note that the word for " steel " here, achier, also means " blade " or " sword " and comes from medieval Latin aciarium, a derivative of acies " sharp ", so there is no direct connection with Latin chalybs in this etymology ).

" Pommes de terre frites à cru, en petites tranches " (" Potatoes deep-fried while raw, in small cuttings ") in a manuscript in Thomas Jefferson's hand ( circa 1801 – 1809 ) and the recipe almost certainly comes from his French chef, Honoré Julien.

When the negotiations began, his quarrel with the king of France was temporarily in abeyance, and he had no intention of reviving it so long as there was hope that French money would come to pay the troops who, under Charles of Valois, the papal vicar of Tuscany, were so valuable in the crusade against the Colonna cardinals and their Sicilian allies.

As news spread of the Allies ’ triumph, the Prussians, Hessians and Hanoverian contingents, long delayed by their respective rulers, eagerly joined the pursuit of the broken French and Bavarian forces.

A relationship between mania and melancholia had long been observed, although the basis of the current conceptualisation can be traced back to French psychiatrists in the 1850s.

The French ships were spaced at intervals of and the whole line was long, with the flagship Orient at the centre and two large 80-gun ships anchored either side.

Foley had intended to anchor alongside the French ship and engage it closely, but his anchor took too long to descend and his ship passed Guerrier entirely.

Those benefiting the most are long distance freight services with the French train Havana-Santiago being the only passenger train using one of the new Chinese locomotives regularly.

Massed English longbowmen triumphed over French cavalry at Crécy, Poitiers and Agincourt, while at Gisors ( 1188 ), Bannockburn ( 1314 ), and Laupen ( 1339 ), foot-soldiers proved their invulnerability to cavalry charges as long as they held their formation.

Corsican was long the vernacular language alongside Italian, official language in Corsica until 1859, then it was replaced by French owing to the conquest of the island by France in 1768.

Le Ton beau de Marot: In Praise of the Music of Language is a long book devoted to language and translation, especially poetry translation, and one of its leitmotifs is a set of some 88 translations of " Ma Mignonne ", a highly constrained poem by 16th-century French poet Clément Marot.

The French had long been keen on large destroyers, with their Chacal class of 1922 displacing over 2, 000 tons and carrying 130 mm guns ; a further three similar classes were produced around 1930.

Besides, French doctrine and jurisprudence traditionally allow pictures incorporating a copyrighted work as long as their presence is incidental or accessory to the main represented subject, a reasoning akin to the de minimis rule.

Also that year he wrote on Husserl's Ideen ( 1913 ) a long review published by a French journal.

By 1910, the French film companies were starting to make films as long as two, or even three reels, though most were still one reel long.

Some spices used then, but no longer today in French cuisine are cubebs, long pepper ( both from vines similar to black pepper ), grains of paradise, and galengale.

A Critical Dictionary of the French Revolution ( 1989 ), 1120pp ; long essays by scholars ; conservative perspective ; stress on history of ideas excerpt and online search from Amazon. com

In French, the term " frigate " became a verb, meaning ' to build long and low ', and an adjective, adding further confusion.

Garlic was long frowned upon for causing halitosis, so has never played a large role in traditional German cuisine, but has risen in popularity in recent decades due to the influence of French, Italian, Spanish, Portuguese, Greek, and Turkish cuisines.

* Category 4: Civil firearms ; According to French law, a civil firearm is a semi automatic long gun with more of 2 rounds in magazine which don't use a military gauge, or a handgun ( pistol or revolver, including all magazine capacities ) which doesn't have a gauge used by the army.

In North America there is a long history of guerrilla warfare starting with King Phillips War, followed by the four French and Indian Wars, Father Rale's War and Father Le Loutre's War.

The " long nineteenth century ", from 1789 to 1914 sees the drastic social, political and economic changes initiated by the Industrial Revolution, the French Revolution and the Napoleonic Wars, and following the reorganisation of the political map of Europe at the Congress of Vienna in 1815, the rise of Nationalism, the rise of the Russian Empire and the peak of the British Empire, paralleled by the decline of the Ottoman Empire.

The settlement of Yacanagua was burnt to the ground three times in its just over a century long existence as a Spanish settlement, first by French pirates in 1543, again on 27 May 1592 by a 110 strong landing party from a 4 ship English naval squadron led by Christopher Newport in his flagship Golden Dragon, who destroyed all 150 houses in the settlement, and finally by the Spanish themselves in 1605, for reasons set out below.

In Haiti, deforestation has long been cited by scientists as a source of ecological crisis ; the timber industry dates back to French colonial rule.

Under the Constitution of 1791, the solution of a constitutional monarchy was adopted, and the king supported a war against Austria in order to increase his popularity, starting the long French Revolutionary Wars.