General Melchett ( Stephen Fry ) rallies his troops from a French château thirty-five miles from the front, where he is aided and abetted by his assistant, Captain Darling ( Tim McInnerny ), pencil-pusher supreme and Blackadder's nemesis, whose name is played on for maximum comedic value.

The Constitution of Canada ( La Constitution du Canada in French ) is the supreme law in Canada ; the country's constitution is an amalgamation of codified acts and uncodified traditions and conventions.

The French Huguenot nobles and clergy, having rejected the pope and the Catholic Church, were left only with the supreme power of the king who, they taught, could not be gainsaid or judged by anyone.

However, the French supreme court ( Cour de cassation )

These reforms included guarantees to ensure the Ottoman subjects perfect security for their lives, honour, and property ; the introduction of the first Ottoman paper banknotes ( 1840 ) and opening of the first post offices ( 1840 ); the reorganization of the finance system according to the French model ( 1840 ); the reorganization of the Civil and Criminal Code according to the French model ( 1840 ); the establishment of the Meclis-i Maarif-i Umumiye ( 1841 ) which was the prototype of the First Ottoman Parliament ( 1876 ); the reorganization of the army and a regular method of recruiting, levying the army, and fixing the duration of military service ( 1843 – 44 ); the adoption of an Ottoman national anthem and Ottoman national flag ( 1844 ); the first nationwide Ottoman census in 1844 ( only male citizens were counted ); the first national identity cards ( officially named the Mecidiye identity papers, or informally kafa kağıdı ( head paper ) documents, 1844 ); the institution of a Council of Public Instruction ( 1845 ) and the Ministry of Education ( Mekatib-i Umumiye Nezareti, 1847, which later became the Maarif Nezareti, 1857 ); the abolition of slavery and slave trade ( 1847 ); the establishment of the first modern universities ( darülfünun, 1848 ), academies ( 1848 ) and teacher schools ( darülmuallimin, 1848 ); establishment of the Ministry of Healthcare ( Tıbbiye Nezareti, 1850 ); the Commerce and Trade Code ( 1850 ); establishment of the Academy of Sciences ( Encümen-i Daniş, 1851 ); establishment of the Şirket-i Hayriye which operated the first steam-powered commuter ferries ( 1851 ); the first European style courts ( Meclis-i Ahkam-ı Adliye, 1853 ) and supreme judiciary council ( Meclis-i Ali-yi Tanzimat, 1853 ); establishment of the modern Municipality of Istanbul ( Şehremaneti, 1854 ) and the City Planning Council ( İntizam-ı Şehir Komisyonu, 1855 ); the abolition of the capitation ( Jizya ) tax on non-Muslims, with a regular method of establishing and collecting taxes ( 1856 ); non-Muslims were allowed to become soldiers ( 1856 ); various provisions for the better administration of the public service and advancement of commerce ; the establishment of the first telegraph networks ( 1847 – 1855 ) and railroads ( 1856 ); the replacement of guilds with factories ; the establishment of the Ottoman Central Bank ( originally established as the Bank-ı Osmanî in 1856, and later reorganized as the Bank-ı Osmanî-i Şahane in 1863 ) and the Ottoman Stock Exchange ( Dersaadet Tahvilat Borsası, established in 1866 ); the Land Code ( Arazi Kanunnamesi, 1857 ); permission for private sector publishers and printing firms with the Serbesti-i Kürşad Nizamnamesi ( 1857 ); establishment of the School of Economical and Political Sciences ( Mekteb-i Mülkiye, 1859 ); the Press and Journalism Regulation Code ( Matbuat Nizamnamesi, 1864 ); among others.

The President of the French Republic ( ; ) colloquially referred to in English as the President of France, is the head of state, supreme commander-in-chief of the French Armed Forces and holder of the highest office within the Republic of France.

As General Paul Vanuxem, a French veteran of the Indochina War, wrote in 1972 after visiting the liberated city of An Loc: " An Loc was the Verdun of Vietnam, where Vietnam received as in baptism the supreme consecration of her will.

* Louisiana, whose supreme court is headquartered in New Orleans ' French Quarter.

This affair ended in 2000 when the Cour de cassation ( French supreme jurisdiction ) concluded that it was legitimate to publish these assertions.

( It was first at the last winter of the war, in 1918, after strong pressure from the United States on the United Kingdom, that the French fieldmarshal Ferdinand Foch became supreme commander of the entire western front.

Bảo Đại was appointed " supreme advisor " to Hồ's Democratic Republic of Vietnam in Hanoi, which asserted its independence on 2 September 1945, but was ousted by the French in November 1946.

( Thomas Francis was given the supreme command only because of his birth ; another French general, Du Plessis Praslin, noted a few years later that French marshals would only serve under someone who was superior to them in social rank, and Thomas, with his blood relationship to the French and Spanish royal families, was the only candidate.

( Thomas was given the supreme command only because of his birth ; another French general, Du Plessis Praslin, noted a few years later that French marshals would only serve under someone who was superior to them in social rank, and Thomas, with his blood relationship to the French and Spanish royal families, was the only candidate.

* Maurice Gamelin ( 1872 – 1958 ), supreme commander of French armed forces 1939 – 1940

Ta ' aroa is the supreme creator god in the mythology of French Polynesia.

A December 2006 poll by Harris Interactive, published in The Financial Times, found that 32 % of the French population described themselves as agnostic, a further 32 % as atheist and only 27 % believed in any type of God or supreme being.

The French Orientalist Évariste Lévi-Provençal on the other hand advocated Ibn Hayyān as the supreme Muslim historian of the era ( and the battle ).

Nonetheless, until the French Revolution the Parlement ( supreme court of justice ) of Toulouse extended its jurisdiction over not just Languedoc, but also all the other territories that are now Midi-Pyrénées.

Holding his power by universal male suffrage, and having frequently, from his prison or in exile, reproached previous oligarchical governments with neglecting social questions, he set out to solve them by organising a system of government based on the principles of the " Napoleonic Idea ", i. e. of the emperor, the elect of the people as the representative of the democracy, and as such supreme ; and of himself, the representative of the great Napoleon I of France, " who had sprung armed from the French Revolution like Minerva from the head of Jove ", as the guardian of the social gains of the revolutionary period.

* 1799 – The entire Dutch fleet is captured by British forces under the command of Sir Ralph Abercromby and Admiral Sir Charles Mitchell during the Second Coalition of the French Revolutionary Wars.

During Operation Dynamo — the evacuation of 330, 000 BEF and French troops to Britain — Montgomery assumed command of the II Corps.

Knowing Marlborough's destination, Tallard and Villeroi met at Landau in Alsace on 13 June to rapidly construct an action plan to save Bavaria, but the rigidity of the French command system was such that any variations from the original plan had to be sanctioned by Versailles.

However, it seems that the Duke ’ s favoured scheme was to return to the Moselle valley ( where Marshal Marsin had recently taken command of French forces ) and once more attempt an advance into the heart of France.

Nevertheless, the Duke could think of no circumstances why the French would leave their strong positions and attack his army, even if Villeroi was first reinforced by substantial transfers from Marsin ’ s command.

Bostock's deposition details Teach's command of two vessels: a sloop and a large French guineaman, Dutch-built, with 36 cannon and a crew of 300 men.

On 19 August, Nelson sailed for Naples with Vanguard, Culloden and Alexander, leaving Hood in command of Zealous, Goliath, Swiftsure and the recently joined frigates to watch over French activities at Alexandria.

The French general returned to France without his army late in the year, leaving Kléber in command of Egypt.

His views little endeared him to the French high command, but are claimed by some to have influenced Heinz Guderian.

Now 19 years old, Eugene applied directly to Louis XIV for command of a company in French service, but the King – who had shown no compassion for Olympia's children since her disgrace – refused him out of hand.

In response, Army Group Upper Rhine ( Heeresgruppe Oberrhein ) group was formed to engage the advancing U. S. 7th Army ( under command of General Alexander Patch ) and French 1st Army ( led by General Jean de Lattre de Tassigny ) in the Alsace region along the west bank of the Rhine.

After the Attack on Mers-el-Kébir in 1940, where the British fleet destroyed a large part of the French navy, still under command of Vichy France, that killed about 1, 100 sailors, there was nationwide indignation and a feeling of distrust in the French forces, leading to the events of the Battle of Dakar.

This led directly, and was used as a point, to the French withdrawal from the integrated military command of NATO in 1966.

French defeat by the British under the command of Robert Clive during the Seven Years ' War ( 1756 – 1763 ) marked the end of the French stake in India.

* 1745 – War of the Austrian Succession: New England colonial troops under the command of William Pepperell capture the French Fortress of Louisbourg in Louisbourg, Nova Scotia ( Old Style ).

* 1791 – Members of the French National Guard under the command of General Lafayette open fire on a crowd of radical Jacobins at the Champ de Mars, Paris, during the French Revolution, killing as many as 50 people.

Ribbentrop also tried unsuccessfully to arrange for the Vichy French troops in North Africa to be formally placed under German command.

During the same meeting in East Prussia with Count Ciano, Pierre Laval arrived and promptly agreed to Hitler's and Ribbentrop's demands that he place French police under the command of more radical anti-Semitics and conscript and send hundreds of thousands of French workers to work in Germany's war industry.

He left behind a large garrison of French soldiers in Acre, under the command of Geoffrey of Sergines.

The French high command refused to purchase Krupp guns despite Napoleon III's support.

Under the command of Joseph de Pont Duvivier, the French had a garrison of 20 French troops at Port-la-Joye.

The Indochina struggle was a war to stay out of in 1954, when Gen. Ridgway estimated it would take a minimum of 10 to 15 divisions at the outset to win a war the French were losing.

Six years ago French Indochina, though in troubie, was in the Western camp.

French Indochina in 1913.

The Vichy government signed an agreement with Japan to allow the Japanese military transit through French Indochina.

The Free French, under General Charles de Gaulle, were determined to recover Indochina, though they offered Cambodia and the other Inchochinese protectorates a carefully circumscribed measure of self-government.

Franklin D. Roosevelt, through General Stilwell, privately made it clear that they preferred that the French not reacquire French Indochina ( modern day Vietnam, Cambodia, and Laos ) after the war was over.

After the war, 200, 000 Chinese troops under General Lu Han were sent by Chiang Kai-shek to northern Indochina ( north of the 16th parallel ) to accept the surrender of Japanese occupying forces there, and remained in Indochina until 1946, when the French returned.

In February 1946 he also forced the French to surrender all of their concessions in China and to renounce their extraterritorial privileges in exchange for the Chinese withdrawing from northern Indochina and allowing French troops to reoccupy the region.

* French Indochina

French citizens also migrated in large numbers, mainly to the colonies in the north African Maghreb region: 1. 3 million settled in Algeria ; 200, 000 in Morocco ; 100, 000 in Tunisia ; while only 20, 000 migrated to French Indochina.

Early in 1953, the French asked Eisenhower for help in French Indochina against the Communists, supplied from China, who were fighting the First Indochina War.

In 1958 the French Fourth Republic collapsed due to political instability and its failures in dealing with its colonies, especially Indochina and Algeria.

Conflicts between the Chinese Emperor and the French Republic over Indochina climaxed during the Sino-French War ( 1884 – 1885 ).

Their participation in the Scramble for Africa and in the acquiring of overseas possessions ( such as French Indochina ) created myths of French greatness.

* In Indochina the French government was facing the Viet Minh communist rebels and lost its Indochinese colonies during the First Indochina War in 1954 after the Battle of Dien Bien Phu.

The European powers had control of other parts of Asia by the 1900s, such as British India, French Indochina, Spanish East Indies, and Portuguese Macau and Goa.