It should be borne in mind, that Evans-Wentz never studied the Tibetan language and that the lama who did the main translation work for him was of the Gelukpa Sect and is not known to have actually studied or practiced Dzogchen.

Ü-Tsang was formed by the merging of two earlier power centers: Ü ( Dbus ) in central Tibet, controlled by the Gelukpa ( Dge-lugs-pa ) lineage of Tibetan Buddhism under the early Dalai Lamas, and Tsang ( Gtsang ) which extended from Gyantse ( Rgyang-rtse ) to points west, controlled by the rival Sakyapa ( Sa-skya-pa ) lineage.

The college adopted a step-by-step approach to the studies of Buddhist doctrines ; a practice particular to the Gelukpa or Yellow Hat sect of Tibetan Buddhism.

The alliance with the Mongols would later prove instrumental in establishing the Gelukpa as the rulers of Tibet during the reign of the Great Fifth Dalai Lama.

It seems at least possible that both Vasubandhu and Asaṅga presented their respective versions of such a method, analogous to but different from modern Theravāda insight meditation, and that Gelukpa scholars were unable to reconstruct it in the absence of a practice tradition because of the great difference between this type of inductive meditative reasoning based on observation and the types of meditative reasoning using consequences ( thal ' gyur, prasaanga ) or syllogisms ( sbyor ba, prayoga ) with which Gelukpas were familiar.

Thus, although Gelukpa scholars give detailed intepretations of the systems of breath meditation set forth in Vasubandu's and Asaṅga's texts, they may not fully account for the higher stages of breath meditation set forth in those texts.

it appears that neither the Gelukpa textbook writers nor modern scholars such as Lati Rinpoche and Gendun Lodro were in a position to conclude that the first moment of the fifth stage of Vasubandhu's system of breath meditation coincides with the attainment of special insight and that, therefore, the first four stages must be a method for cultivating special insight.

. that a meditative tradition consisting of analysis based on observation — inductive reasoning within meditation — was not transmitted to Tibet ; what Gelukpa writers call analytical meditation is syllogistic reasoning within meditation.

Stephen Batchelor, who for years was monk in the Gelukpa lineage, experienced this firsthand.

" The Gelukpa allow that it is possible to take the mind itself as the object of meditation, however, Zahler reports, the Gelukpa discourage it with " what seems to be thinly disguised sectarian polemics against the Nyingma Great Completeness and Kagyu Great Seal meditations.

He met the fifth Dalai Lama and paid homage to Gelukpa monasteries instead of destroying them.

Many of the present Lamas of the Gelukpa tradition have received their teachings from Trijang Rinpoche or Zong Rinpoche.

The monastery is the traditional seat of successive Panchen Lamas, the second highest ranking tulku lineage in the Gelukpa tradition.

Sera Monastery (; ) is one of the ' great three ' Gelukpa university monasteries of Tibet, located north of Lhasa.

The monastery belonged to the Gelukpa Order and was one of the largest in Lhasa.

The history of the monastery is strongly connected to Master Lama Tsongkhapa ( 1357 – 1419 ), the founder of the Gelukpa Order, the much venerated and highly learned guru in Buddhist scriptures.

The idol of Shakyamuni Buddha flanked by images of Gelukpa Lamas were placed in the Shakyamuni Lhakhang.

The tradition of conducting debates in the Gelukpa tradition was set in many monasteries of the Gelukpa sect, namely the Ganden Monastery, the Sera Monastery, the Drepung Monastery and the JIC, not only in pre-modern Tibet but also in other similar monasteries established in exile, such as in Sera, India.

Ganden Monastery ( also Gaden or Gandain ) or Ganden Namgyeling is one of the ' great three ' Gelukpa university monasteries of Tibet, located at the top of Wangbur Mountain, Tagtse County, 36 kilometers ENE from the Potala Palace in Lhasa, at an altitude of 4, 300m.

The Ganden Tripa or ' throne-holder of Ganden ' is the head of the Gelukpa school.

Drepung Monastery ( Wylie: ' bras spungs dgon ),( literally “ Rice Heap ” monastery ), located at the foot of Mount Gephel, is one of the " great three " Gelukpa university monasteries of Tibet.

The Khutuktu ranked third in degree of veneration among the dignitaries in the Tibetan Buddhism, after the Dalai Lama and Panchen Lama.

He was often seen among the people, in the countryside, at festivals, and, as his reign progressed, meeting with foreign dignitaries in Bhutan and abroad.

An annual royal festival is celebrated in which the OMaad ( Serer king ), Djaraaf ( Serer prime minister ) and other dignitaries meet to decide kingdom issues and hold pageants celebrating the history of Saloum and the Serer people.

When sheets of the Penny Black were first printed various postal and other officials took the liberty of removing various numbers of stamps from their sheets to present as gifts to dignitaries and other important people.

The governor-general also receives visiting heads of state and other dignitaries and the credentials of ambassadors to Australia, and entertains people from all walks of life.

The document had been published for his son Ziemysław by Leszek, Przemysł and Kazimierz – duke of Kuyavia in the presence of three estate dignitaries as well as the other people gathered during a convention in Włocławek.

That same year, as 9 people, including a former Speaker of the House of Commons and other dignitaries were trapped for more than an hour and a half in the mall elevator, a former Senator criticized the Rideau Centre for its slow response time

Eight people were killed when the jets strafed the awaiting reception dignitaries.

More than 10, 000 people attended the Mass, including foreign ambassadors, United States government officials, military officers, and other dignitaries.

In his life Keyes sold or distributed millions of books, lectured to many people, spoke to dignitaries at political gatherings, and knew and moved among the self-help elite, including Wayne Dyer, who said that Keyes " literally got me started on this glorious transformational journey.

He was asked to preach at St. Paul's Cross in February 1558 before another assembly of dignitaries, including the Lord Mayor and aldermen of London, ten bishops, and a huge crowd of people.

Warnecke intended for this shorter walkway to be used by family members and dignitaries who were making private visits to the grave, while the longer walkway would not only separate the public from these VIPs but also accommodate the long lines of people wishing to pay their respects.

Most of these are carried in open wagons, but a purpose-built passenger coach, Experiment, carries 18 dignitaries, and becomes the first such vehicle to carry people on a railway.

Although Yeats died in Roquebrune-Cap-Martin, France in January 1939, his remains were brought home to Ireland by the Irish Naval Service and re-interred at Drumcliff in 1948 in the presence of a large number of local people and dignitaries which included the Minister for External Affairs, Seán MacBride, who represented the Government.

The Mongolian tradition of archery is attested by an inscription on a stone stele that was found near Nerchinsk in Siberia: " While Genghis Khan was holding an assembly of Mongolian dignitaries, after his conquest of Sartaul ( Khwarezm ), Yesüngge ( the son of Genghis Khan's brother ) shot a target at 335 alds ( 536 m ).

An inscription on a stone stele was found near Nerchinsk in Siberia: " While Chinggis ( Genghis ) Khan was holding an assembly of Mongolian dignitaries, after his conquest of Sartaul ( Khwarezm ), Yesüngge ( the son of Chinggis Khan's brother ) shot a target at 335 alds ( 536 m ).

Some of the dignitaries who attended the funeral also attended the installation Mass for Pope Benedict XVI on April 24, 2005.

Stourbridge glass is recognised as amongst the finest in the world has been used countless times as gifts for royalty and visiting dignitaries.

He is a Craig's wife who agonizes about tobacco ash on the living room rug and he is a forgetful genius who goes boating with the town baker when dignitaries from the local university have come to call.

The oyabun was entertaining a group of dignitaries, the secretary said, businessmen from Tokyo for the most part, and Kayabashi wished to show them the mission.

Invitations have been extended to some Austin dignitaries including Gov. and Mrs. Price Daniel.

The whole matter was solemnly submitted to a grand council of prelates, senators, ministers and other dignitaries on 13 June 1718.

At noon on 24 June, the temporal dignitaries — the 126 members of both the Senate and magistrates that comprised the court — declared Alexei guilty and sentenced him to death.

In 1428, he received a letter from Yeshaq I of Ethiopia, borne by two dignitaries, which proposed an alliance against the Muslims and would be sealed by a dual marriage that would require the Infante Peter to bring a group of artisans to Ethiopia where he would marry Yeshaq's daughter.

On his return to Hungary, Archbishop Robert of Esztergom took his kingdom under interdict and excommunicated the king's major dignitaries because Andrew insisted on the employment of Jews and Muslims in his administration.

Nevertheless, upon Andrew's request, the Archbishop withdrew the ecclesiastic punishments soon and the Pope promised that the dignitaries of the King of Hungary would never be excommunicated without his special authorization.

It celebrated winning the award on May 15, 1974 when the Governor of Michigan, William Milliken, and many dignitaries came to town.

The United States Secret Service acquired two in 2010 for transporting dignitaries needing special protection.

Ahasuerus, ruler of a massive Persian empire, holds a lavish party, initially for his court and dignitaries and afterwards for all inhabitants of the capital city Shushan.

The soldiers of Wellington's army who died besieging the citadelle in 1813 are buried in the nearby English Cemetery, visited by Queen Victoria and other British dignitaries when staying in Biarritz.

On November 1918 the large group of Palestinian Arab dignitaries and representatives of political associations addressed a petition to the British authorities in which they denounced the declaration.

* George W. Bush hosted dignitaries, including the then President of Russia, Vladimir Putin in 2003 and hosted the then Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, Gordon Brown, in 2007.

In turn, the 12th century chronicler Gallus Anonymus says that Dobrawa came to Poland surrounded by secular and religious dignitaries.

The funeral was attended by dignitaries from the Vermont government, and by large numbers of common folk who turned out to pay respects to a man many considered their champion.

An ecumenical council ( or oecumenical council ; also general council ) is a conference of ecclesiastical dignitaries and theological experts convened to discuss and settle matters of Church doctrine and practice.

For example the Italian flag code expressly replaces the Italian flag for the European flag in precedence when dignitaries from other EU countries visit – for example the EU flag would be in the middle of a group of three flags rather than the Italian flag.

In the 17th century, La Varenne and the notable chef of Napoleon and other dignitaries, Marie-Antoine Carême, moved toward fewer spices and more liberal usage of herbs and creamy ingredients, signaling the beginning of modern cuisine.

* 1875 – The hits the Great Barrier Reef and sinks off the Australian east coast, killing approximately 100, including a number of high profile civil servants and dignitaries.

In January 2007 de Klerk was a speaker promoting peace and democracy in the world at the " Towards a Global Forum on New Democracies " event in Taipei, Taiwan, along with other dignitaries including Poland's Lech Wałęsa and now former Taiwan President Chen Shui-Bian.

The Congress was a personal triumph for Francis, where he hosted the assorted dignitaries in comfort, though Francis undermined his allies Tsar Alexander and Frederick William III of Prussia by negotiating a secret treaty with the restored French king Louis XVIII.

The first purpose-built passenger car, dubbed Experiment, was attached, and carried dignitaries on the opening journey.

The Commerce Secretary headed the group of dignitaries accompanying Harding's body back to the capital.