* 1965 – Frank Black, American singer-songwriter ( Pixies, Frank Black and the Catholics, and Grand Duchy )

* 1506 – The Grand Duchy of Lithuania defeated the Crimean Khanate in the Battle of Kletsk

Albert of Prussia (; ) ( 17 May 1490 – 20 March 1568 ) was the 37th and last sovereign Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights and, after converting to Lutheranism, the first duke of the Duchy of Prussia, which was the first state to adopt the Lutheran faith and Protestantism as the official state religion.

For want of funds, Alexander was unable to resist the Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights or prevent Grand Duke of Muscovy Ivan III from ravaging Grand Duchy of Lithuania with the Tatars.

The Republic of Siena is incorporated into the Grand Duchy of Tuscany.

1309 – 26 May 1339 ) was the Queen of Poland ( 1333 – 1339 ), and the Princess of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.

In 1683, the Qing staged an amphibious assault on southern Taiwan, bringing down the rebel Grand Duchy of Tungning, which was founded by the Ming loyalist Koxinga in 1662 after the fall of the Southern Ming, and had served as a base for continued Ming resistance in Southern China.

In 1411, the First Peace of Thorn ended the Polish – Lithuanian – Teutonic War, in which the Teutonic Knights fought the Kingdom of Poland and Grand Duchy of Lithuania.

** Diet of Finland, the legislative assembly of the Grand Duchy of Finland from 1809 to 1906

On 26 February 1815, Napoleon abandoned Elba for France, reviving the French Empire for a Hundred Days ; the Allies declared an end to Napoleon's sovereignty over Elba on 25 March 1815, and on 31 March 1815 Elba was ceded to the restored Grand Duchy of Tuscany by the Congress of Vienna.

In 1608 the Grand Duchy of Tuscany did an expedition to the area in order to create an Italian colony for the commerce of amazonian products to Renaissance Italy, but his sudden death stopped it.

* 1370 – Northern Crusades: Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Teutonic Knights meet in the Battle of Rudau.

Category: People from the Grand Duchy of Baden

Francis was from his experiences suspicious and set up an extensive network of police spies and censors to monitor dissent ( in this he was following his father's lead, as the Grand Duchy of Tuscany had the most effective secret police in Europe ).

The Civil War concerned control and leadership of the Grand Duchy of Finland after it had become sovereign in 1917.

Following the Diet of Porvoo in 1809, Finland, previously part of the Kingdom of Sweden, had been ruled as a nominally autonomous part of the Russian Empire, known as the Grand Duchy of Finland.

The collapse of the Russian Empire following the February and October Revolutions of 1917 spurred the collapse of the Grand Duchy of Finland, and the resultant power vacuum led to bitter conflict between the left-leaning labor movement, led by the Social Democrats, and more conservative non-socialists.

The autonomous Grand Duchy of Finland, as a part of the Russian Empire, became a part of the vacuum and the struggle for power.

The military significance of the Grand Duchy of Finland had been increasing for the Russians from the mid-19th century with the rising tensions and competition among the major European powers.

The Grand Duchy had also become a vital source of raw materials, industrial products, food, and labour for the growing capital city of Russia.

This caused more than 50 years of positive economic, industrial, cultural and educational development in the Grand Duchy of Finland.

These developments also encouraged Finnish nationalism and cultural unity through the birth of the Fennoman movement, which bound the Finns to the domestic governmental system and led to the idea that the Finnish Grand Duchy was an increasingly autonomous part of the Russian Empire.

In 1899 the Russian Empire initiated a policy of integration through Russification in the Finnish Grand Duchy.

After the Grand Duchy of Lithuania joined the Kingdom of Poland into Polish – Lithuanian Commonwealth in 1569, the castles remained a royal property, but the town's importance gradually declined, with the nearby Vilnius and the political center of the Commonwealth in Kraków being far more important.

On April 10, 1525, two days after signing of the Treaty of Kraków, in the market of the Polish capital Kraków, Albert resigned his position as Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights to become a Lutheran and received the title " Duke of Prussia " from his uncle King Zygmunt I the Old of Poland.

After the incorporation of the Free City of Kraków in 1846, it was extended to Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria, and the Grand Duchy of Kraków with the Duchies of Auschwitz and Zator ().

Henryk Grossman ( alternative spelling: Henryk Grossmann ; April 14, 1881, Kraków, Grand Duchy of Cracow – November 24, 1950, Leipzig ), was a Polish-German economist, historian, and revolutionary of Jewish descent.

After the unsuccessful Kraków Uprising of 1846, the Free City was annexed by Austria on November 16, 1846 as the Grand Duchy of Cracow.

On April 1, 1579, Stefan Batory King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania, upgraded the academy and granted it equal status with the Kraków Academy, creating the Alma Academia et Universitas Vilnensis Societatis Iesu.

* Kraków, Poland, has three grand unions, one at 50 ° 3 ' 27. 42 " N 19 ° 57 ' 32. 40 " E one at 50 ° 3 ' 23. 40 " N 19 ° 56 ' 43. 63 " E and one at 50 ° 4 ' 46. 65 " N 20 ° 1 ' 38. 49 " E. There is a " Grand Circle " at Centralny Square, 50 ° 4 ' 19. 56 " N 20 ° 2 ' 14. 46 " E, the " Grand Circle " which has the same route function as a grand union and also provides a loop for all lines.

* Wawel Dragons ( Gold, Silver, Bronze Grand Prix Dragons and Dragon of Dragons Special Prize ) are awards, usually presented at Kraków Film Festival in Poland

At age seventeen he won First Prize ( Grand Prix ) at The Student Song Festival in Kraków in 1984.

He was Podczaszy of Lithuania ( podczaszy litewski ) in 1723, Grand Standard-Bearer of the Crown ( chorąży wielki koronny ) in 1724, commander of an infantry regiment ( szef regimentu pieszego ) in 1726, Artillery General of the Crown ( generał artylerii koronnej ) in 1728, hetman polny koronny in 1735, Palatine of Kraków Voivodship ( wojewoda krakowski ) in 1746, hetman wielki koronny in 1752 and Castellan of Kraków ( kasztelan krakowski ) in 1762.

He became Podstoli of Lithuania ( podstoli litewski ) in 1722, Grand Treasurer of Lithuanian Army ( podskarbi wielki litewski ) in 1722, voivode of the Masovian Voivodeship in 1731, regimentarz of the Crown Army ( regimentarz wojsk koronnych ) in 1728, castellan of Kraków in 1752.

During the famous Battle of Grunwald of 1410, Zyndram was the Grand Camp Leader of the Crown and commander of the Banner of Kraków, composed of elite troops and holding the banner of the whole army.

He became the Grand Guardian of the Crown in 1660, the Grand Camp Leader of the Crown in 1661, the voivode of Ruthenian Voivodship in 1664, Field Crown Hetman in 1676, Great Crown Hetman in 1682 and castellan of Kraków in 1692.

A Polish delegation, sent to Lithuania by Jogaila and led by Zbigniew Oleśnicki, Bishop of Kraków, pronounced Sigismund as the Grand Duke of Lithuania for life on September 30, 1432.

He was Stolnik of the Crown since 1664, General starost of Kraków since 1667, Deputy Chancellor the Crown since 1677 and Grand Chancellor of the Crown since 1678.

He was Chorąży of Drohiczyn from 1703 to 1710, Court Treasurer in 1713, Grand Treasurer of the Crown from 1729 to 1736, Wielkorządca of Kraków, Żupnik of salt-pits in Bochnia and Wieliczka in 1727.

Mikołaj Zebrzydowski ( 1553 – 1620 ) of Radwan Coat of Arms, voivode of Lublin from 1589, Grand Crown Marshal 1596 – 1600, voivode of Kraków from 1601.

Sigismund was most likely born in Novhorod-Siverskyi to Dymitr Korybut, son of Algirdas, Grand Duke of Lithuania, and Anastasia, daughter of Grand Prince Oleg of Ryazan, and raised in the court of his uncle Jogaila ( Władysław Jagiełło ) in Kraków since 1404.