The use of the abacus in Ancient Egypt is mentioned by the Greek historian Herodotus, who writes that the Egyptians manipulated the pebbles from right to left, opposite in direction to the Greek left-to-right method.

During Virgil's time Aeneas was well-known and various versions of his adventures were circulating in Rome, including Roman Antiquities by Greek historian Dionysius of Halicarnassus ( relying on Marcus Terentius Varro, Ab Urbe Condita by Livy ( probably dependent on Quintus Fabius Pictor, fl.

According to the Greek historian, he was of common origins.

Anaximenes () of Lampsacus ( c. 380 – 320 BC ) was a Greek rhetorician and historian.

* 1926 – Helene Ahrweiler, Greek historian and educator

* Claudius Aelianus, Roman teacher and historian of the 3rd century, who wrote in Greek

* Arrian, Greek historian

In the 3rd century, however, the Greek historian Dio Cassius states that the " Bastarnae are properly classed as Scythians " and " members of the Scythian race ".

The Greek historian Herodotus wrote that Xerxes sought his harem after being defeated in the Greco-Persian Wars.

( In contrast, the Greek historian Ctesias refers to a similar father-in-law / general figure named Onaphas.

The main source for the Greco-Persian Wars is the Greek historian Herodotus.

The Sicilian historian Diodorus Siculus, writing in the 1st century BC in his Bibliotheca Historica, also provides an account of the Greco-Persian wars, partially derived from the earlier Greek historian Ephorus.

Greek historian Plutarch discusses an argument between Chrysippus ( 3rd century BCE ) and Hipparchus ( 2nd century BCE ) of a rather delicate enumerative problem, which was later shown to be related to Schröder numbers.

Various History — for the most part preserved only in an abridged form — is Aelian's other well-known work, a miscellany of anecdotes and biographical sketches, lists, pithy maxims, and descriptions of natural wonders and strange local customs, in 14 books, with many surprises for the cultural historian and the mythographer, anecdotes about the famous Greek philosophers, poets, historians, and playwrights and myths instructively retold.

In antiquity, the Greek historian Herodotus mentioned that the world had been divided by unknown persons into three parts, Europe, Asia, and Libya ( Africa ), with the Nile and the River Phasis forming their boundaries — though he also states that some considered the River Don, rather than the Phasis, as the boundary between Europe and Asia.

In the 1st century BC, the Greek historian Dionysius of Halicarnassus stated that the Etruscan language was unlike any other.

She is compared with Penthesilea, mythical queen of the Amazons, by the Greek historian Nicetas Choniates ; he adds that she gained the epithet chrysopous ( golden-foot ) from the cloth of gold that decorated and fringed her robe.

The historian James Partington further thinks it likely that Greek fire was not in fact the creation of any single person, but " invented by chemists in Constantinople who had inherited the discoveries of the Alexandrian chemical school ".

An alternate name for Greek fire was " Median fire " (), and the 6th-century historian Procopius, records that crude oil, which was called naphtha ( in Greek νάφθα, naphtha, from Middle Persian نفت ( naft )) by the Persians, was known to the Greeks as " Median oil " ().

Herodotus (; Hēródotos ) was an ancient Greek historian who was born in Halicarnassus, Caria ( modern day Bodrum, Turkey ) and lived in the fifth century BC ( 484 – 425 BC ).

Herodotus ( 5th century BC ), the great Greek historian ; one of the earliest historians whose work survives.

Embedded in Greek myth, there remain fragments of quite variant tales, hinting at the rich variety of myth that once existed, city by city ; but Hesiod's retelling of the old stories became, according to the fifth-century historian Herodotus, the accepted version that linked all Hellenes.

In the second year of the Peloponnesian War ( 430 BC ), Thucydides described an epidemic disease which was said to have begun in Ethiopia, passed through Egypt and Libya, then come to the Greek world.

Moreover, Thucydides developed a historical topic more in keeping with the Greek lifestyle-the polis or city-state-whereas the interplay of civilizations was more relevant to Asiatic Greeks ( such as Herodotus himself ), for whom life under foreign rule was a recent memory.

Thucydides, a Greek historian of the Peloponnesian War, writes that the Spartan king Pleistoanax lived on Mt.

Some scholars note the similarity between Machiavellian and the Greek historian Thucydides, since both emphasized power politics.

In Western society, the use of oral material goes back to the early Greek historians Herodotus and Thucydides, both of whom made extensive use of oral reports from witnesses.

These authors, in such works as The Republic and Laws by Plato, and The Politics and Nicomachean Ethics by Aristotle, analyzed political systems philosophically, going beyond earlier Greek poetic and historical reflections which can be found in the works of epic poets like Homer and Hesiod, historians like Herodotus and Thucydides, and dramatists such as Sophocles, Aristophanes, and Euripides.

Thucydides mentions the Acarnanians and Livy refers to the inhabitants of three Greek cities on the northern coast of the Peloponnesus as expert slingers.

Thucydides (; Greek: Θουκυδίδης, Thoukydídēs ; c. 460 – c. 395 BC ) was a Greek historian and author from Alimos.

After World War II, Classical scholar Jacqueline de Romilly pointed out that the problem of Athenian imperialism was one of Thucydides ' central preoccupations and situated his history in the context of Greek thinking about international politics.

Subsequent Greek historians — such as Ctesias, Diodorus, Strabo, Polybius and Plutarch — held up Thucydides ' writings as a model of truthful history.

Lucian refers to Thucydides as having given Greek historians their law, requiring them to say what had been done ().

Due to the loss of the ability to read Greek, Thucydides and Herodotus were largely forgotten during the Middle Ages in Western Europe, although their influence continued in the Byzantine world.

The first European translation of Thucydides ( into Latin ) was made by the humanist Lorenzo Valla between 1448 and 1452, and the first Greek edition was published by Aldo Manunzio in 1502.

But it was part of the method of both alike to eliminate conventional sentiment and morality. In the seventeenth century, the English political philosopher Thomas Hobbes, whose Leviathan advocated absolute monarchy, admired Thucydides and in 1628 was the first to translate his writings into English directly from Greek.

The Greek historian Thucydides suggested in 426 BC that tsunamis were related to submarine earthquakes, but the understanding of a tsunami's nature remained slim until the 20th century and much remains unknown.

As early as 426 BC the Greek historian Thucydides inquired in his book History of the Peloponnesian War about the causes of tsunami, and was the first to argue that ocean earthquakes must be the cause.

Thucydides meanwhile clearly states that in the time of the Persian invasions, the majority of the Greek navies consisted of ( probably two-tiered ) penteconters and ploia makrá (" long ships ").

* Thucydides, Greek historian, ( 460 BC – 395 BC )

This site is described by the Greek historian Thucydides in his History of the Peloponnesian War.

** Thucydides, Greek historian ( d. 395 BC )

* 401 Thucydides, Greek historian, leaves account of Golden Age of Pericles and Peloponnesian War at his death ( History of the Peloponnesian War )

* Thucydides, Greek historian ( approximate date ) ( b. c. 460 BC )

* Thucydides, Greek historian ( alleged date, however, 460 BC is more probable ) ( d. c. 395 BC )

* Thucydides, Greek historian ( d. 395 BC )