Due to the near-identity of the Aramaic and the classical Hebrew alphabets, Aramaic text is mostly typeset in standard Hebrew script in scholarly literature.

The term abaddon appears six times in the Masoretic text of the Hebrew Bible ; abaddon means destruction or " place of destruction ", or the realm of the dead, and is associated with Sheol.

Abba Arikka ( 175 – 247 ) ( Talmudic Aramaic: ; born: Abba bar Aybo, Hebrew: רבי אבא בר איבו ) was a Jewish Talmudist who lived in Sassanid Babylonia, known as an amora ( commentator on the Oral Law ) of the 3rd century who established at Sura the systematic study of the rabbinic traditions, which, using the Mishnah as text, led to the compilation of the Talmud.

The Old Testament is called by the Jews the Tanakh, an acronym formed by combining the initials of the three sections by which the Jews divide the text: the Torah, or Law ( the Pentateuch ), the Nevi ' im, or Prophets, and the Ketuvim, or Writings or Hagiographa ( with vowels added, as Hebrew is written with a consonantal script, TaNaKh ).

The spelling and names in both the 1609 – 1610 Douay Old Testament ( and in the 1582 Rheims New Testament ) and the 1749 revision by Bishop Challoner ( the edition currently in print used by many Catholics, and the source of traditional Catholic spellings in English ) and in the Septuagint ( an ancient translation of the Old Testament in to Greek, which is widely used by the Eastern Orthodox instead of the Masoretic text ) differ from those spellings and names used in modern editions which are derived from the Hebrew Masoretic text.

He mentions that he studied from a text of Jerome's Vulgate, which itself was from the Hebrew text.

The Septuagint version appears to agree more with the Qumran fragments rather than the Hebrew / Aramaic Masoretic text reflected in modern translations.

One of the most frequent speculations is that the entire book ( excepting 9: 4-20 ) was originally written in Aramaic, with portions translated into Hebrew, possibly to increase acceptance-many Aramaisms in the Hebrew text find proposed explanation by the hypothesis of an inexact initial translation into Hebrew.

The first chapter, written in Hebrew Masoretic text, introduces Daniel and his three companions: Hananiah, Mishael, and Azariah.

This discovery has shed much light on the differences between the two versions ; while it was previously maintained that the Greek Septuagint ( the version used by the earliest Christians ) was only a poor translation, professor Emanuel Tov, senior editor of the Dead Sea Scrolls ' publication, wrote that the Masoretic edition either represents a substantial rewriting of the original Hebrew, or there had previously been two different versions of the text.

Most scholars hold that the Hebrew text underlying the Septuagint version is older than the Masoretic text and that either the Masoretic evolved either from this vorlage or from a closely related version.

According to the Jewish Encyclopedia, " a comparison of the Masoretic text with the Septuagint throws some light on the last phase in the history of the origin of the Book of Jeremiah, inasmuch as the translation into Greek was already under way before the work on the Hebrew book had come to an end ...

* Original Hebrew text:

The modern Hebrew text ( called the Masoretic text ) differs considerably from the Greek, and scholars are still working at finding the best solutions to the many problems this presents.

The Hebrew text of Samuel is widely recognised to be heavily corrupted with errors ( meaning that scribes, over the centuries, have introduced many mistakes while copying the original version ), while in addition the Greek and Hebrew versions differ considerably ; modern scholars are still working at finding the best solutions to the many problems this presents.

The standard Hebrew text of Kings presents an impossible chronology.

By the time Esther was written, the foreign power visible on the horizon as a future threat to Judah was the Macedonians of Alexander the Great, who defeated the Persian empire about 150 years after the time of the story of Esther ; the Septuagint version noticeably calls Haman a " bully " ( βουγαῖον ) where the Hebrew text describes him as an Agagite.

Greek ἄβαξ itself is probably a borrowing of a Northwest Semitic, perhaps Phoenician, word akin to Hebrew ʾābāq ( אבק ), " dust " ( since dust strewn on wooden boards to draw figures in ).

The earliest known alphabet in the wider sense is the Wadi el-Hol script, believed to be an abjad, which through its successor Phoenician is the ancestor of modern alphabets, including Arabic, Greek, Latin ( via the Old Italic alphabet ), Cyrillic ( via the Greek alphabet ) and Hebrew ( via Aramaic ).

One, the ABCDE order later used in Phoenician, has continued with minor changes in Hebrew, Greek, Armenian, Gothic, Cyrillic, and Latin ; the other, HMĦLQ, was used in southern Arabia and is preserved today in Ethiopic.

Abjads differ from abugidas, another category invented by Daniels, in that in abjads, the vowel sound is implied by phonology, and where vowel marks exist for the system, such as nikkud for Hebrew and harakāt for Arabic, their use is optional and not the dominant ( or literate ) form.

However, most modern abjads, such as Arabic, Hebrew, Aramaic and Avestan, are " impure " abjads, that is, they also contain symbols for some of the vowel phonemes.

In the Hebrew Bible and the Qur ' an, Aaron ( or ; Ahărōn, Hārūn, Greek ( Septuagint ): Ααρών ), who is often called "' Aaron the Priest "' () and once Aaron the Levite () ( Exodus 4: 14 ), was the older brother of Moses, ( Exodus 6: 16-20, 7: 7 ; Qur ' an 28: 34 ) and a prophet of God.

The Christian writer's traditional re-interpretation is that the Hebrew word Sheol can mean many things, including " grave ", " resort ", " place of waiting " and " place of healing ".

Puttenham, in the time of Elizabeth I of England, wished to start from Elissabet Anglorum Regina ( Elizabeth Queen of the English ), to obtain Multa regnabis ense gloria ( By thy sword shalt thou reign in great renown ); he explains carefully that H is " a note of aspiration only and no letter ", and that Z in Greek or Hebrew is a mere SS.

This word is usually conceded to be derived from the Hebrew ( Aramaic ), meaning " Thou art our father " ( אב לן את ), and also occurs in connection with Abrasax ; the following inscription is found upon a metal plate in the Carlsruhe Museum:

In the Book of Samuel, Abner ( Hebrew אבנר " Avner " meaning " father of is a light "), is first cousin to Saul and commander-in-chief of his army ( 1 Samuel 14: 50, 20: 25 ).

The Book of Amos is a prophetic book of the Hebrew Bible, one of the Twelve Minor Prophets.

Its latest meaning is more or less similar to the Sanskrit word kalpa and Hebrew word olam.

The Bible translation is a treatment of the Hebrew word olam and the Greek word aion.

Abijah ( אביה ' aḆiYaH ) or Abiah or Abia, modern Hebrew Aviya, is a Biblical unisex name that means " my Father is Yahweh ".

* The original order (), used for lettering, derives from the order of the Phoenician alphabet, and is therefore similar to the order of other Phoenician-derived alphabets, such as the Hebrew alphabet.

* Birkat Hachama, observed once every 28 years, the next one is in 2037 ( Hebrew )

Dante concludes ( Paradiso XXVI ) that Hebrew is a derivative of the language of Adam.

Hebrew names and romanized transliteration may somewhat differ, as they do for חשוון / Marcheshvan or כסלו / Kislev: the Hebrew words shown here are those commonly indicated e. g. in newspapers.

The Mourners ', Rabbis ' and Complete Kaddish end with a supplication for peace (" Oseh Shalom ..."), which is in Hebrew, and is somewhat similar to the Bible.

Since the Mishnah and all of the Baraitas and verses of Tanakh quoted and embedded in the Gemara are in Hebrew, Hebrew constitutes somewhat less than half of the text of the Talmud.

Jerome's extensive use of exegetical material written in Greek, on the other hand, as well as his use of the Aquiline and Theodotiontic columns of the Hexapla, along with the somewhat paraphrastic style in which he translated makes it difficult to determine exactly how direct the conversion of Hebrew to Latin was.

Certainly some of the Ugaritic texts and Sanchuniathon report hostility between El and Hadad, perhaps representing a cultic and religious differences reflected in Hebrew tradition also, in which Yahweh in the Tanach is firmly identified with El and might be expected to be somewhat hostile to Baʿal / Hadad and the deities of his circle.

It differs somewhat from the later standardized Hebrew ( Masoretic Text ).

The search capability is somewhat handicapped by the fact that the search mechanism fails to take into account the decision to maintain all diacritical marks in the transliterated Hebrew and Aramaic from the 1901 – 1906 text, which used a large number of diacriticals not in common use today.

It became the standard Hebrew reference grammar and although it is somewhat outdated by newer works, it is still widely used in the field in the 21st century.

Rûach () has the meanings " wind, spirit, breath ," and can mean " great " as well as " god ": the which moves over the Deep may therefore mean the " wind / breath of God " ( the storm-wind is God's breath in Psalms 18: 16 and elsewhere, and the wind of God returns in the Flood story as the means by which God restores the earth ), or God's " spirit ", a concept which is somewhat vague in Hebrew bible, or simply a great storm-wind.

Traditionally the start of the quote was left as one phrase reading " the voice of one crying in the wilderness ..." Based on the original Hebrew most modern scholars feel it should be two phrases reading " the voice of one crying: " In the wilderness ..." This second punctuation makes the link between John the Baptist and Isaiah somewhat less direct.

Mascha lacked knowledge of Hebrew and was thus somewhat isolated.

In the early 2000s, Hebrew National switched to an external certification group, the Triangle K, under the auspices of Rabbi Aryeh Ralbag, which was widely seen as somewhat of an upgrade in its standards of kashrut.

Some Arabic philosophers followed Jewish ones in their ideas ( though this phenomenon was somewhat hindered in that, although in Arabic, Jewish philosophical works were usually written with Hebrew characters ) ( Dan, p. 116 ).

Sibylla, a single mother, brings Ludo up somewhat unusually ; he starts reading at two, reading Homer in the original Greek at three, and goes on to Hebrew, Japanese, Old Norse, Inuit, and advanced mathematics.

In general society, the exact list of sexual relationships that would constitute incest vary from person to person, and from state to state, but in Judaism this list is somewhat clearly defined by virtue of Judaism's reliance on the Hebrew Bible and its codes of prescribed behavior.