For instance, the Indonesian language uses the Dutch term kaisar exclusively for foreign emperors such as the Japanese, but never for local rulers.

Such languages either use a complex description to translate the term ( such as Russian combine meaning of уединение-solitude, секретность-secrecy, and частная жизнь-private life ) or borrow English " privacy " ( as Indonesian Privasi or Italian la privacy ).

Nowadays, the term silat Melayu is most often used to differentiate the Malaysian styles from Indonesian pencak silat.

Gareth Evans and Prime Minister Paul Keating ( 1991 – 1996 ) gave maintenance of close relations with the Indonesian government a high priority, as did the subsequent Prime Minister John Howard and Foreign Minister Alexander Downer during their first term in office ( 1996 – 1998 ).

Mudflows ( also called debris flows or lahars, an Indonesian term for volcanic mudflows ) are mixtures of volcanic debris and water.

In English, the term Kalimantan refers to the Indonesian portion of the island of Borneo, while in Indonesian, the term " Kalimantan " refers to the whole island of Borneo.

The name comes from the Indonesian term Pasundan, meaning " West Java.

In a curious case, the Indonesian term celengan ( a celeng is a wild boar, with the " an " affix used to denote a likeness ) was also used in the context of domestic banks.

For example, in Hong Kong and mainland China, Asian cuisine is a general umbrella term for Japanese cuisine, Korean cuisine, Filipino cuisine, Thai cuisine, Vietnamese cuisine, Malaysian and Singaporean cuisine and Indonesian cuisine ; but Chinese cuisine and Indian cuisine are excluded.

This term derives from the word " scissors " in Filipino, Malaysian and Indonesian.

* In Indonesian, kuli is now a term to describe especially construction workers.

The Arabic term " Feast of the Sacrifice ", ‘ Eid ul -’ Aḍḥā is borrowed into Indic languages such as Hindi, Urdu, Gujarati and Bengali and Austronesian languages such as Malay and Indonesian ( the last often spelling it as Idul Adha or Iduladha ).

One theory that is widely accepted is that " Alay " is a portmanteau of the term "" ( Indonesian: Kiteflyer ), a pejorative describing someone having certain physical attributes from spending most of their time outside and getting sunburnt ( e. g. reddened hair and skin ).

Today in Indonesian, Nusantara is synonymous with Indonesian archipelago or the national territory of Indonesia, in this sense the term Nusantara excludes Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei and the Philippines.

Plangi and tritik are Indonesian words, derived from Japanese words, for methods related to tie-dye, and bandhna is a term from India, giving rise to the Bandhani fabrics of Rajasthan.

The term originated in reference to medieval French motets, but the technique remains in common use in contemporary music ( Louis Andriessen's Hoketus ), popular music ( funk, stereo panning, the work of Robert Fripp and Adrian Belew in King Crimson ), Indonesian gamelan music ( interlocking patterns shared between two instruments — called imbal in Java and Kotekan in Bali ), Andean siku ( panpipe ) music ( two pipe sets sharing the full number of pitches between them ), handbell music ( tunes being distributed between two or more players ), Rara street processions in Haiti, as well as in the Gaga in the Dominican Republic and many African cultures such as the Ba-Benzélé ( featured on Herbie Hancock's " Watermelon Man ", see Pygmy music ), Mbuti, Basarwa ( Khoisan ), the Gumuz tribe from the Blue Nile Province ( Sudan ), and Gogo ( Tanzania ).

The term ' wayang ' is the Javanese word for shadow, or bayang in standard Indonesian and Malay.

In the Netherlands, the term " Indonesian Painting " is applied to the paintings produced by Dutch or other foreign artists who lived and worked in the former Netherlands-Indies.

The term tombak is derived from tembaga, an Indonesian ( erroneously termed Malay ) word of Javanese origin meaning copper.

Likely, the term was used generically to describe Indonesian high-copper brass items, including gamelan gongs.

The word Injil is derived from the Greek word ( euangelion ) which means ' good news ' ( the term injil is also used by Christian Arabs for their gospels ; e. g. Gospel of John, ( ) as well as Indonesian Christians ; e. g. Injil Yohanes ).

Although it is the capital of East Kalimantan, some government institutions such as the Police, Indonesian Army District VI Of Tanjung Pura, and Pelabuhan Indonesia ( Port Transportation ) are located on the island.

The new Ngurah Rai International Airport was inaugurated the on 1 August 1968 by the then Indonesian President Suharto as Pelabuhan Udara Internasional Ngurah Rai, or Ngurah Rai International Airport.

`` On trial in Jakarta for having flown for the Indonesian anti-Communist insurgents, U.S. pilot Alan Lawrence Pope boldly told the court that in supporting the freedom fighters, he was actually defending the sovereignty and independence of Indonesia.

Other languages, such as Thai Sign Language, developed as a creole of ASL and indigenous sign ; a similar situation may have occurred with Malaysian Sign Language, which in turn was the base of Indonesian Sign Language.

Unlike other eastern Indonesian islands, such as Ambon, Solor, Ternate and Morotai, the Bandanese displayed no enthusiasm for Christianity or the Europeans who brought it in the sixteenth century, and no serious attempt was made to Christianise the Bandanese.

Due to this action, he was immediately stripped of his Indonesian citizenship, causing him to be imprisoned for a few months on Ellis Island as " an illegal alien ".

Fossilised remains of Homo erectus and his tools, popularly known as the " Java Man ", suggest the Indonesian archipelago was inhabited by at least 1. 5 million years ago.

In 1975, the Carnation Revolution in Portugal caused authorities there to announce plans for decolonisation of Portuguese Timor, the eastern half of the island of Timor whose western half was a part of the Indonesian province of East Nusa Tenggara.

After the result was announced, elements of the Indonesian military and its militia retaliated by killing approximately 2, 000 East Timorese, displacing two-thirds of the population, raping hundreds of women and girls, and destroying much of the country's infrastructure.

In 1997 and 1998, Indonesia was the country hardest hit by the East Asian Financial Crisis, which had dire consequences for the Indonesian economy and society, and Suharto's presidency.

As at November 2010, two thirds of the market capitalization was in the form of foreign funds and only around 1 % of the Indonesian population have stock investments.

During World War II, the city was renamed from Batavia to " Jakarta " ( short form of Jayakarta ) by the Indonesian nationalists after conquering the city from the Dutch in 1942 with the help of the Japanese forces.

They make up the axis of the Indonesian island arc system, which was produced by northeastward subduction of the Indo-Australian Plate.

They are protected under Indonesian law, and a national park, Komodo National Park, was founded to aid protection efforts.

LTTE's people smuggling ships included MV Ocean Lady, which appeared in October 2009 off Canada's British Columbia coast with 76 Tamil asylum seekers ; MV Sun Sea, arrived in August 2010 off British Columbia, with 492 asylum seekers and MV Alicia, carrying 80 illegal immigrants, but was intercepted by Indonesian authorities in July 2011, allegedly heading towards Canada or New Zealand.

The presence of British and other Commonwealth troops were crucial to Malaysia's security during the Malayan Emergency ( 1948 – 1960 ) and the Indonesian Confrontation ( 1962 – 1966 ), which was sparked by Malaya's merger with the British colonies of Singapore, Sarawak and North Borneo to form Malaysia in 1963.

Keating's friendship with Indonesian President Suharto was criticised by human rights activists supportive of East Timorese independence and by Nobel Peace Prize winner, José Ramos-Horta ( later to be East Timor's prime minister and president ).

Kaharingan, an animist folk religion of the Iban branch of the Dayak people, accepted as a form of Hinduism by the Indonesian government, includes the belief of a supreme deity as well as the rooster and cockfight in relation to that of the spiritual and religious and some with the belief that humans become the fighting cocks of god, with the Iban further believing the rooster and cockfight was introduced to them by god.

The original word for testing used by Muhammad Subud was " terimah " which is Indonesian for " receiving ".

IR8 was created through a cross between an Indonesian variety named " Peta " and a Chinese variety named " Dee Geo Woo Gen ."

In East Timor, which was an Indonesian province from 1975 to 1999, Indonesian is recognised by the constitution as one of the two working languages ( the other being English ), alongside the official languages of Tetum and Portuguese.

Indonesian was elevated to the status of official language with the Indonesian declaration of independence in 1945, drawing inspiration from the Sumpah Pemuda ( Youth's Oath ) event in 1928.

Indonesian was also influenced by the " bazaar Malay " that was the lingua franca of the archipelago in colonial times, and thus indirectly by other spoken languages of the islands.

The question of whether High Malay ( Court Malay ) or Low Malay ( Bazaar Malay ) was the true parent of the Indonesian language is still in debate.