English, French, German, Italian, Japanese, Hebrew, Arabic, Portuguese, and Russian speakers may use the term American to refer to either inhabitants of the Americas or to U. S. nationals.

They generally have other terms specific to U. S. nationals, such as German US-Amerikaner, French étatsunien, Japanese 米国人 beikokujin, Arabic أمريكاني amriikaanii ( as opposed to the more-common أمريكي amriikii ), and Italian statunitense, but these may be less common than the term American.

The term " Almoravid " comes from the Arabic " al-Murabitun " () which is the plural form of " al-Murabit " literally meaning " One who is tying " but figuratively means " one who is ready for battle at a fortress ".

In English, the term Arabic numerals can be ambiguous.

The Latin name Aelia is the source of the Arabic term Iliyā ' ( إلياء ), an early Islamic name for Jerusalem.

The Arabic term is borrowed from the Greek χημία or χημεία.

Dr. Al-Kadi concluded that the Arabic word sifr, for the digit zero, developed into the European technical term for encryption.

The term ' Covenant-breaker ' or, in Arabic ' naqid al-mithaq ' Naqidu ' l-mithaq, was first used by ` Abdu ' l-Bahá to describe the partisans of his brother Mírzá Muhammad ` Alí, who challenged his leadership.

Arabic also uses the term,, meaning " festival of the resurrection ", but this term is less common.

The word fiqh is an Arabic term meaning " deep understanding " or

The word may derive from the word " jabber " (" to talk nonsense "), with the "- ish " suffix to signify a language ; alternatively, the term gibberish may derive from the eclectic mix of English, Spanish, Hebrew, Hindi and Arabic spoken in the British territory of Gibraltar ( from Arabic Gabal-Tariq, meaning Mountain of Tariq ), which is unintelligible to non-natives.

Sale could, however, have found the term periclyte transliterated into Arabic in one of the marginal notes to the Italian manuscript.

The term aketon, originally medieval French alcottonem might be a loan from Arabic al-qutn " cotton ( definite article-the cotton )".

The usage of the word Hindu was popularized for Arabs and further west by the Arabic term al-Hind referring to the land of the people who live across river Indus and the Persian term Hindū referring to all Indians.

The historian Ronald Hutton has suggested that it instead came from the Arabic term Dhul-Qarnayn which meant " Horned One ".

In Arabic language the word " Holy Spirit " does not translate as سكينة Sakinah used in a feminine term.

By the turn of the twentieth century it had begun to be displaced by the shorter and purely Arabic term Islam and by 1938, when Orientalist scholars completed The Encyclopaedia of Islam, seems to have virtually disappeared from the English language.

Later he would visit Mogadishu, the then pre-eminent city of the " Land of the Berbers " ( بلد البربر Balad al-Barbar, the medieval Arabic term for the Horn of Africa ).

The Persian word for love is eshgh, derived from the Arabic ishq, however is considered by most to be too stalwart a term for interpersonal love and is more commonly substituted for ' doost dashtan ' (' liking ').

They were hoping that, as he was a descendant of Muhammad, his presence would help to improve their date palm crops thanks to his barakah " blessing ", an Arabic term meaning a sense of divine presence or charisma.

Edward Cave, who edited The Gentleman's Magazine under the pen name " Sylvanus Urban ," was the first to use the term " magazine ," on the analogy of a military storehouse of varied materiel, ultimately derived from the Arabic makhazin (" storehouses ") by way of the French language.

" The equivalent Arabic term is tanasukh: the belief is found among Shi ' a ghulat Muslim sects.

The motto of the Lebanese Armed Forces is " Honor, Sacrifice, Loyalty " ( Arabic: " شرف · تضحية · وفاء "-Sharaf. Tadhia. Wafa < sup >< sub >'</ sub ></ sup >).

In Arabic translations, his name has appeared as Abdullah ( عبدالله الحظرد ): Arabic حظر = " he fenced in ", " he prohibited ".

However Abdul is a common Arabic prefix meaning " Servant of the " and " Al " is Arabic for " the ", and if " hazra " means " he prohibited ", " he fenced in " or " Great Lord ", then the name would mean " Servant of the Prohibited ", " Servant of the Fenced in ", or " Servant of the Great Lord " which would make sense considering his role, even if it is not a proper Arabic name.

Contemporaries frequently referred to them as the al-mulathimun (" the veiled ones ", from litham, Arabic for " veil ").

Descendants with origins from Anah are commonly referred to as " Alanie ", literally meaning " the one from Anah " in Arabic.

This is not to be confused with what the Arabs call the " Hindi numerals ", namely the Eastern Arabic numerals (---------) used in the Middle East, or any of the numerals currently used in Indian languages ( e. g. Devanagari: ).

" Bayad plays the oud to the lady ", Arabic language | Arabic manuscript for Qissat Bayad wa Reyad tale from late 12th century

According to the Oxford English Dictionary, the word baroque is derived from the Portuguese word " barroco ", Spanish " barroco ", or French " baroque ", all of which refer to a " rough or imperfect pearl ", though whether it entered those languages via Latin, Arabic, or some other source is uncertain.

One of the Arabic translations, ‘ Kitab ila Aglooqan fi Shifa al Amraz ’, which is extant in the Library of Ibn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine & Sciences, is regarded as a masterpiece of Galen's literary works.

Four stars of this constellation ( α, β, γ, δ Lep ) form a quadrilateral and are known as ‘ Arsh al-Jawzā ', " the Throne of Jawzā '" or Kursiyy al-Jawzā ' al-Mu ' akhkhar, " the Hindmost Chair of Jawzā '" and al-Nihāl, " the Camels Quenching Their Thirst " in Arabic.

The words " lute " and " oud " derive from Arabic al ‘ ud ( العود ; literally " the wood ").

On the other hand, translating various Arabic terms as ‘ magic ’ causes another set of problems with no clear answers.

In Arabic the name is retained as Ba ‘ al dhubaab / zubaab ( بعل الذباب ), literally " Lord of the Flies ".

* Bāb al-Shaarīy ‘ ah In Arabic: باب_الشعرية ( The Gate attributed to the name of a tribe )

Common greetings during this holiday are the Arabic greeting ‘ Eid Mubārak (" Blessed Eid ") or ‘ Eid Sa ‘ īd (" Happy Eid ").

As an obligatory act of charity, money is paid to the poor and the needy ( Arabic: Sadaqat-ul-fitr ) before performing the ‘ Eid prayer:

Azazil ( Arabic: عزازل ‘ Azāzīl ) does not feature in the Qur ' an, but is said to be the original name of Iblis, or Satan.

The stronghold of the PSP / PLA laid in the Jabal Barouk area within the Shouf, which they turned into a semi-autonomous canton in the early 1980s, known unofficially as the ‘ Druze Mountain ’ ( Arabic: Jabal al-Duruz ).

the earliest date is put around the 14th century where a copperplate inscription of Parakarama Bahu IV ( 1302-1326 ) refers to two persons who were declared exempt from certain taxes which included " gun licenses ". http :// www. island. lk / index. php? page_cat = article-details & page = article-details & code_title = 22207 many also believe that it was the Portuguese who first brought over actual muskets during their invasion of the Sri Lankan Coastline and low lands in 1505 as they regularly used short barrelled matchlocks during combat, however, P. E. P. Deraniyagala points out that the Sinhala term for gun, ‘ bondikula ’ matches the Arabic term for gun, ‘ bunduk .’ Also that certain technical aspects of the early Sinhalese matchlock were similar to the matchlocks used in the Middle East, thus forming the generally accepted theory that the musket was not entirely new to the island by the time the Portuguese came, but it was only in a short matter of time that native Sri Lankan kingdoms, most notably the kingdom of Sitawaka and the Kandyan Kingdom where Sinhalese muskets with a unique bifurcated stock, longer barrel and smaller calibre, which made it more efficient in driving out the energy from the gunpowder, where manufactured by the hundreds and mastered by soldiers to the point where according to the Portuguese invader, Queyroz, they could " fire at night to put out a match " and " by day at 60 paces would sever a knife with four or five bullets " and " send as many on the same spot in the target.

Translation of the Arabic mentioned in the reference: Our shaykh al-Ansari said in Sharh al-Rawd … in response to Ibn al-Muqri ’ s statement: “ Whoever doubts in the disbelief ( kufr ) of Ibn ‘ Arabi ’ s group, he himself is a disbeliever ”: To some extended it is true, some or his narrations are indeed questionable.

:: Padişah-i thalath şehireha-i Qostantiniyye, Edirne ve Hüdavendigâr, ül şehireyn-i Dimaşq ve Qahira, tamam Azerbayjan, Mağrib, Barqah, Kayravan, Haleb, ül -‘ Iraq-i ‘ Arab vel ‘ Ajam, Basra, ül-dulan-i Lahsa, Rakka, Musul, Partiyye, Diyârbekir, Kilikiyye, ül vilâyatun-i Erzurum, Sivas, Adana, Karaman, Van, Barbariyye, Habeş, Tunus, Trablus-i Garb, Şam, Kıbrıs, Rodos, Girit, ül vilâyet-i Mora, ül Bahr-i Sefid vel Bahr-i Siyah ve i-swahil, Anadolu, Rumeli, Bagdâd, Kurdistân, Yunanistan, Türkistan, Tatariyye, Çerkesyye, ül mintaqateyn-i Kabarda, Gürjistan, ül-Deşt-i Qipçaq, tamam ül-mamlikat-i Tatar, Kefe ve tamam ül-etraf, Bosna, ül şehir ve hisar-i Belgrat, ül vilâyet-i Sırbistan bil tamam ül-hisareha ve şehireha, tamam Arnavut, tamam Eflak ve Boğdan, ve tamam ül-mustamlak vel-hududeha, ve muteaddit mamalekat ve şehireha, i. e. Emperor of The Three Cities of Constantinople, Adrianople and Bursa, and of the Cities of Damascus and Cairo, of all Azerbaijan, of the Magreb, of Barka, of Kairouan, of Aleppo, of the Arabic and the Persian Iraq, of Basra, of Al-Hasa strip, of Ar Raqqah, of Mosul, of Parthia, of Diyarbakır, of Cilicia, of the provinces of Erzurum, of Sivas, of Adana, of Karaman, Van, of Barbary, of Abyssinia, of Tunisia, of Tripoli, of Damascus, of Cyprus, of Rhodes, of Crete, of the province of Morea, of the Mediterranean Sea, the Black Sea and also their coasts, of Anatolia, Rumelia, Baghdad, Greece, Turkistan, Tartary, Circassia, of the two regions of Kabarda, of Georgia, of the Steppe of Kypchaks, of the whole country of the Tatars, of Kefe and of all the neighboring regions, of Bosnia, of the City and Fort of Belgrade, of the province of Serbia, with all the castles and cities, of all Albania, of all Eflak and Bogdania, as well as all the dependencies and borders, and many other countries and cities.

Gamma Cephei's traditional name derives from the Arabic الراعي ar-rā ‘ ī, meaning " the shepherd ".

The name Almadén is from the Arabic word al-ma ‘ din, meaning ' The Metal '.

The name is believed to have been invented by Paracelsus from Switzerland, who modelled it on similar words taken from Arabic, such as ‘ alkali ’.

The Islamic Jihad Organization – IJO ( | Harakat al-Jihad al-Islami ) or Organisation du Jihad Islamique ( OJI ) in French, but best known as ‘ Islamic Jihad ’ ( Arabic: Jihad al-Islami ) for short, was a fundamentalist Shia group known for its activities in the 1980s during the Lebanese Civil War.

Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥasan al-Mahdī ( Arabic: محمد بن الحسن المهدي ) ( born c. July 29, 869 ( 15 Sha ‘ bān 255 AH ), in Occultation since 941 ) is believed by Twelver Shī ‘ a Muslims to be the Mahdī, an ultimate savior of humankind and the final Imām of the Twelve Imams.

The Oxford English Dictionary also cites an alternative Catalan definition that describes soot or a black smear, or a Portuguese root ( the Portuguese word máscara means ‘ mask ’, but a similar word, mascarra, means dark stain or smut ).< ref > There is even strong support for a possible source from the Arabic word maskharah or ‘ buffoon ’.