This refusal to accept any renunciation of allegiance to the Crown led to conflict with the United States over impressment, and then led to further conflicts even during the War of 1812, when thirteen Irish American prisoners of war were executed as traitors after the Battle of Queenston Heights ; Winfield Scott urged American reprisal, but none was carried out.

For a while there were two different dialects of Irish being spoken on Achill.

A large part of the convict body were the Irish, 25 % of the total convict population.

While the earlier settlers were primarily of British ancestry, the newer settlers also consisted of Germans, Irish, and African-Americans.

These were followed by significant numbers of freed Africans in the War of 1812, Irish immigrants in the mid 19th century and Dutch immigrants after World War II.

There have been several players in the VFL / AFL who were born outside Australia and since 1982, an increasing number of players have been recruited from outside Australia through initiatives such as the Irish experiment and more recently, international scholarship programs.

On the 1930 tour a delegation led by the Irish lock George Beamish expressed their displeasure at the fact that whilst the blue of Scotland, white of England and red of Wales were represented in the strip there was no green for Ireland.

The Lions were captained by Irish lock Paul O ' Connell.

In June 2009 the British media reported that Argentina were lobbying for the 2013 British and Irish Lions Tour to Australia to incorporate a series of games in Argentina.

Count Horn directed the Prince of Holstein-Beck to take the village, but his two Dutch brigades were cut down by the French and Irish troops, capturing and badly wounding the Prince during the action.

Regarding Ireland the major Liberal achievements were land reform, where he ended centuries of landlord oppression ), the disestablishment of the ( Anglican ) Church of Ireland through the Irish Church Act 1869.

Banshees were said to appear for particular Irish families, though which families made it onto this list varied depending on who was telling the story.

While the crew spent six weeks shooting on location in Scotland, the major battle scenes were shot in the Republic of Ireland using members of the Irish Army Reserve as extras.

Additional awards were presented to the British fleet: Nelson was awarded £ 2, 000 (£ as of ) a year for life by the Parliament of Great Britain and £ 1, 000 per annum by the Parliament of Ireland, although the latter was inadvertently discontinued after the Act of Union dissolved the Irish Parliament.

A number of other European languages have cognate words that were borrowed from the Germanic languages during the Middle Ages, including brog in Irish, bwr or bwrc, meaning " wall, rampart " in Welsh, bourg in French, burg in Catalan ( in Catalonia there is a town named Burg ), borgo in Italian, and burgo in Spanish ( hence the place-name Burgos ).

Among these actions were the Seven Years ' War, the American Revolutionary War, the Napoleonic Wars, the First and Second Opium Wars, the Boxer Rebellion, the New Zealand land wars, the Sepoy Rebellion of 1857, the First and Second Boer Wars, the Fenian raids, the Irish War of Independence, its serial interventions into Afghanistan ( which were meant to maintain a friendly buffer state between British India and the Russian Empire ), and the Crimean War ( to keep the Russian Empire at a safe distance by coming to Turkey's aid ).

It was faced with the prospect of battling Anglo-Irish and Ulster Scots peoples in Ireland, who alongside their other Irish groups had raised their own volunteer army and threatened to emulate the American colonists if their conditions were not met.

The Black and Tans () were one of two ad hoc paramilitary units employed by the Royal Irish Constabulary ( RIC ) as Temporary Constables from 1920 to 1921 to suppress revolution in Ireland, the other body being the Auxiliaries.

The late 19th and early 20th centuries in Ireland were dominated by Irish nationalists ' pursuit of Home Rule ( or even independence ) from the United Kingdom.

However, many of the atrocities popularly attributed to the Black and Tans may have been committed by the Auxiliary Division ; and some were committed by Irish RIC men.

A total of 404 members of the Royal Irish Constabulary died in the conflict and more than 600 were wounded but it is not clear how many of these were pre-war RIC men and how many were Black and Tans or Auxiliaries.

Examples of theme pubs include sports bars, rock pubs, biker pubs, Goth pubs, strip pubs, gay bars, karaoke bars and Irish pubs ( see below ).

David Patrick Bernard Norris ( born 1 July 1944 ) is an Irish scholar, independent Senator, and gay and civil rights activist.

It would have been the first gay kiss on Irish television.

In one corner, there was the rather stereotyped character played by Lenny Clarke, a Boston Irish bar owner close to retirement who watches with dismay as his son falls for a girl with a rather unorthodox family history: she is the adoptive, and somewhat spoiled, daughter of an upper-middle class gay couple.

Paterson is a supporter of Royal Irish Regiment which has been based in his constituency at Tern Hill His parliamentary record shows him to be moderately against gay rights

Thousands of gay men migrated to San Francisco, turning the quiet Irish working-class neighborhood around Castro Street into a bustling center of activity.

This has included coverage of reports on the issue, legal cases taken by gay Irish couples, surrogate parenthood, adoption, extra-legal same-sex unions, blessings and the foreign partnerships of Irish politicians.

A survey carried out in 2008 showed that 84 % of Irish people supported civil marriage or civil partnerships for gay and lesbian couples, with 58 % ( up from 51 %) supporting full marriage rights in registry offices.

: When Irish hearts are happy all the world seems bright and gay,

At its most recent national conference, it carried motions supporting the Fine Gael position on making Irish optional in the Leaving Cert, to allow gay couples to adopt, to introduce a cap on welfare payments at the average industrial wage, and for a complete renegotiation of the promissory note requiring the state to pay the debts of Anglo-Irish bondholders.

Harris accused Jordan of sanitising Collins's sexual orientation so as not to offend Catholic Irish America, which had already been scandalised by claims that Padraig Pearse was gay.

Brendan Courtney ( born 24 June 1973 in Dublin ) is an Irish television presenter and stylist, the first openly gay presenter in Ireland.

The address featured a wedding photograph of an Irish gay rights activist, Brendan Fay, and his husband, Tom Moulton, which Kaczyński had not sought permission to use.

Barry Egan in the Sunday Independent said, " Donna's success on Fáilte Towers perhaps shows just how un-homophobic Ireland is: that an openly gay woman went so far in a show where the Irish public's votes decided who stayed and who was booted out says possibly more about the reality of Ireland 2008 than anything on the so-called reality TV show ".

Since 1997, Buckley has hosted a weekly bingo and drag show in Dublin's largest gay bar, The George and, in 2001, he caused a stir when Shirley Temple Bar took over the National Lottery gameshow, Telly Bingo, on Irish television.

Panti played a fictional drag queen character called ' Dusty Mulberry ' in episode 10, season six of the Irish medical drama series The Clinic ( TV series )( 2008 ) Played herself as the hostess / owner of gay bar in episode four of Irish drama series Raw ( television series )( 2008 )

On December 21, the day that the Irish House of Commons petitioned for removal of Sir Constantine Phipps, their Tory Lord Chancellor, Molesworth reportedly made this remark on the defense of Phipps by Convocation: `` They that have turned the world upside down, are come hither also ''.

Those O'Dwyers had that Irish clannishness that made them stick together in spite of politics and everything.

The British and Irish Lions ( formerly known as the British Isles and the British Lions ) is a rugby union team made up of players from England, Scotland, Ireland and Wales.

Germans, Irish, Poles, Swedes and Czechs made up nearly two-thirds of the foreign-born population ( by 1900, whites were 98. 1 % of the city's population ).

Irish lace became popular in Europe and America, and was made in quantity until the first World War.

In 2006, Enya made it to the number three spot in the ranks of wealthy Irish entertainers with an estimated fortune of € 109 million ( i. e., £ 75 million or US $ 165 million ), and number 95 in the Sunday Times Rich List 2006 of the 250 Wealthiest Irish People.

Sometime between the time after Same As It Ever Was, was released, and Truth Crushed To Earth Shall Rise Again, House of Pain made a demo tape with the following songs on it: Intro, 3rd Stone From The Sun, Choose Your Poison ( remix ), Irish Pride, Reaching Out, Same Old Game, and Womb To The Tomb.

The Irish player John Rea ( 1915 – 1983 ) used hammers made of thick steel wire, wound with wool.

* Led by Coach Digger Phelps, the Irish made a trip to the 1978 Final Four where they lost to the Duke Blue Devils.

During the 20th century, certain Irish intellectuals made their homes in continental Europe, particularly James Joyce, and later Samuel Beckett ( who became a courier for the French Resistance ).

The Irish have made a very significant contribution to education in Australia.

Irish clergy, notably Cullen, made particular use of the reach of the British Empire to spread their influence.

In general, counties were made by amalgamating various smaller Irish territories which suited the colonial administration at the time and had little basis in older tribal boundaries.

Reference to Imbolc is made in Irish mythology, in the Tochmarc Emire of the Ulster Cycle.

In contrast kilts worn by Irish pipers are made from solid-colour cloth, with saffron or green being the most widely used colours.

By 1985, Lyon & Healy also made folk harps, also known as " Irish harps ", which are even smaller than the Troubadour.

He fell in love with an Irish woman named Elisa Alicia Lynch, whom he made his lover.

Colcannon is a traditional Irish food made with mashed potato, shredded kale or cabbage, and onion ; champ is a similar dish.

Boxty pancakes are eaten throughout Ireland, although associated especially with the north, and in Irish diaspora communities ; they are traditionally made with grated potatoes, soaked to loosen the starch and mixed with flour, buttermilk and baking powder.

The text of the Constitution of Ireland, as originally enacted in 1937, made reference in its controversial Articles 2 and 3 to two geopolitical entities: a thirty-two county ' national territory ' ( i. e., the island of Ireland ), and a twenty-six county ' state ' formerly known as the Irish Free State.

" It was not ; in reality he and the Prince were very close friends, and Milligan was made an honorary Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire ( KBE ) ( honorary because of his Irish citizenship ) in 2000.

Tests of the original wood show that it was made of Irish trees.