Maj. Gen. Polk ignored the problems of Fort Henry and Fort Donelson when he took command and, after Johnston took command, at first refused to comply with Johnston's order to send an engineer, Lt. Joseph K. Dixon, to inspect the forts.

Lavoisier discovered that Henry Cavendish's " inflammable air ," which Lavoisier had termed hydrogen ( Greek for " water-former "), combined with oxygen to produce a dew which, as Joseph Priestley had reported, appeared to be water.

Others who anticipated the work of Lavoisier include Jean Rey ( 1583 – 1645 ), Joseph Black ( 1728 – 1799 ), and Henry Cavendish ( 1731 – 1810 ).

Related to the argument from morality is the argument from conscience, associated with eighteenth-century bishop Joseph Butler and nineteenth-century cardinal John Henry Newman.

His fellow Knights of the Garter created in 1867 were Charles Gordon-Lennox, 6th Duke of Richmond, Charles Manners, 6th Duke of Rutland, Henry Somerset, 8th Duke of Beaufort, Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn, Franz Joseph I of Austria and Alexander II of Russia.

Notable bishops in United Methodist history include Coke, Asbury, Richard Whatcoat, Philip William Otterbein, Martin Boehm, Jacob Albright, John Seybert, Matthew Simpson, John S. Stamm, William Ragsdale Cannon, Marjorie Matthews, Leontine T. Kelly, William B. Oden, Ntambo Nkulu Ntanda, Joseph Sprague, William Henry Willimon, and Thomas Bickerton.

They included Henry Wilcoxon, Julia Faye, Joseph Schildkraut, Ian Keith, Charles Bickford, Theodore Roberts, Akim Tamiroff and William Boyd.

Joseph Harding's son, Henry Harding, was responsible for introducing Cheddar cheese production to Australia.

It took legal actions to force them to do so: in 1864 the Supreme Court of the State of California ordered them under Writs of Mandamus ( The People of the State of California ex rel the Central Pacific Railroad Company vs. Henry P. Coon, Mayor ; Henry M. Hale, Auditor ; and Joseph S. Paxson, Treasurer, of the City and County of San Francisco.

In the area of religion and theology, Dartmouth alumni include priests and ministers Ebenezer Porter, Jonathan Clarkson Gibbs, Caleb Sprague Henry, Arthur Whipple Jenks, Solomon Spalding, and Joseph Tracy ; and rabbis Marshall Meyer, Arnold Resnicoff, and David E. Stern.

The unit of inductance is the henry, named after Joseph Henry, a contemporary of Faraday.

Joseph Henry.

Other writers admired by Orwell included: Ralph Waldo Emerson, G. K. Chesterton, George Gissing, Graham Greene, Herman Melville, Henry Miller, Tobias Smollett, Mark Twain, Joseph Conrad and Yevgeny Zamyatin.

Other significant European explorers included Heinrich Barth, Henry Morton Stanley, Silva Porto, Alexandre de Serpa Pinto, Rene Caille, Gerhard Rolfs, Gustav Nachtigal, George Schweinfurth, and Joseph Thomson.

In 1877, several McGill students, including Creighton, Henry Joseph, Richard F. Smith, W. F. Robertson, and W. L. Murray codified seven hockey rules, based on the rules of field hockey.

Among the early influences on individualist anarchism were William Godwin, Henry David Thoreau ( transcendentalism ), Josiah Warren (" sovereignty of the individual "), Lysander Spooner (" natural law "), Pierre Joseph Proudhon ( mutualism ), Anselme Bellegarrigue, Herbert Spencer (" law of equal liberty "), and Max Stirner ( egoism ).

In the late 19th century in the United Kingdom, there existed individualist anarchists such as Wordsworth Donisthorpe, Joseph Hiam Levy, Joseph Greevz Fisher, John Badcock, Jr., Albert Tarn, and Henry Albert Seymour who were close to the United States group around Benjamin Tucker ´ s magazine Liberty.

In regards to economic questions within individualist anarchism there are adherents to mutualism ( Pierre Joseph Proudhon, Emile Armand, early Benjamin Tucker ); natural rights positions ( Early Benjamin Tucker, Lysander Spooner, Josiah Warren ); and egoistic disrespect for " ghosts " such as private property and markets ( Max Stirner, John Henry Mackay, Lev Chernyi, later Benjamin Tucker, Renzo Novatore, illegalism ).

A significant professor of Dewey's at the University of Vermont was Henry A. P. Torrey, the son-in-law and nephew of former University of Vermont president Joseph Torrey.

* Joseph Henry Smith ( born 1945 ), Minister for Defence of Ghana

These include Richard Kirwan, John Smeaton, Henry Moyes, John Michell, Pieter Camper, R. E. Raspe, John Baskerville, Thomas Beddoes, John Wyatt, William Thomson, Cyril V. Jackson, Jean-André Deluc, John Wilkinson, John Ash, Samuel More, Robert Bage, James Brindley, Ralph Griffiths, John Roebuck, Thomas Percival, Joseph Black, James Hutton, Benjamin Franklin, Joseph Banks, William Herschel, Daniel Solander, John Warltire, George Fordyce, Alexander Blair, Samuel Parr, Louis Joseph d ' Albert d ' Ailly, the seventh Duke of Chaulnes, Barthélemy Faujas de Saint-Fond, Grossart de Virly ,, Johann Gottling.

These shows have featured large collections of his gridfonts, his ambigrams ( pieces of calligraphy created with two readings, either of which is usually obtained from the other by rotating or reflecting the ambigram, but sometimes simply by " oscillation ", like the Necker Cube or the rabbit / duck figure of Joseph Jastrow ), and his " Whirly Art " ( music-inspired visual patterns realized using shapes based on various alphabets from India ).

During the surrender negotiations, Chief Joseph sent a message, usually described as a speech, to the soldiers which is often considered one of the greatest American speeches: "... Hear me, my chiefs, I am tired.

Joseph Philippe Pierre Yves Elliott Trudeau (; ; October 18, 1919 – September 28, 2000 ), usually known as Pierre Trudeau or Pierre Elliott Trudeau, was the 15th Prime Minister of Canada from April 20, 1968 to June 4, 1979, and again from March 3, 1980 to June 30, 1984.

Groups associated with this tradition include the No Turning Back Group and Conservative Way Forward, whilst Enoch Powell and Sir Keith Joseph are usually cited as early influences in the movement.

* August 1 – The element oxygen is discovered for the third ( and last ) time – the second quantitatively following the somewhat earlier work of Carl Wilhelm Scheele ( 1771 – 1772 ) – by Joseph Priestley, who publishes the fact in 1775 and so names the element and usually gets all the credit.

When Sir Joseph asks what had provoked the usually polite officer's outburst, Ralph replies that it was his declaration of love for Josephine.

The modern theory of constituent order (" word order "), usually attributed to Joseph Greenberg, identifies several kinds of phrase.

Consequently, opus numbers are not usually in chronological order, unpublished compositions usually had no opus number, and numeration gaps and sequential duplications occurred when publishers issued contemporaneous editions of a composer ’ s works, as in the sets of string quartets by Joseph Haydn ( 1732 – 1809 ) and Ludwig van Beethoven ( 1770 – 1827 ); Haydn's Op.

** Joseph Balsamo ( Mémoires d ' un médecin: Joseph Balsamo, 1846 – 1848 ) ( a. k. a. Memoirs of a Physician, Cagliostro, Madame Dubarry, The Countess Dubarry, or The Elixir of Life )( Joseph Balsamo is about 1000 pages long, and is usually published in two volumes in English translations: Vol 1.

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Joseph Haydn and Ludwig van Beethoven all used it, though sparingly, usually in imitation of Janissary bands.

The heyday of roots reggae is usually considered the latter half of the 1970s – with singers such as Johnny Clarke, Cornell Campbell, Bob Marley, Peter Tosh, Burning Spear, Dennis Brown, Max Romeo, Horace Andy, Hugh Mundell, and Lincoln Thompson, and groups like Black Uhuru, Steel Pulse, Israel Vibration, The Gladiators and Culture – teaming up with producers such as Lee ' Scratch ' Perry, Bunny Lee, Joseph Hoo Kim and Coxsone Dodd.

The original promoters are usually acknowledged to be Joseph Sandars, a rich Liverpool corn merchant, and John Kennedy, then owner of the largest spinning mill in Manchester.

Akiva ben Joseph ( written עקיבא in the Babylonian talmud, and עקיבה in the Jerusalem Talmud — another form for עקביה ) who is usually called simply Akiva, was of comparatively humble parentage.

Joseph Barber Lightfoot ( 13 April 1828 – 21 December 1889 ) was an English theologian and Bishop of Durham, usually known as J. B. Lightfoot.

The Narrator tells the story through word and song, guiding the audience gently through the story of Joseph and his brothers. usually gives meaning to the story with her / his words.

It was also applied in Brazil, Italy, Mexico, Montenegro, Portugal ( where, although this is the general rule, Kings Joseph and Luís are usually referred to as " Joseph I " and " Luís I ", although there were no Joseph II, nor Luís II ) and by the Papacy under Pope John Paul I.

In his hometown of Columbia, South Carolina, the University of South Carolina has established the annual " Joseph Cardinal Bernardin Lecture ", which is usually held during October.

William Henry Joseph Bonaparte Bertholoff Smith ( 23 November 1893 – 18 April 1973 ), a. k. a. " The Lion ", was an American jazz pianist and one of the masters of the stride style, usually grouped with James P. Johnson and Thomas " Fats " Waller as the three greatest practitioners of the genre from its Golden Age, c. 1920 – 1943.

Over the course of his first weeks in command, Beauregard sent to Confederate president Jefferson Davis various plans for an offensive against Union forces in northern Virginia, which usually involved coordination with Joseph E. Johnston's Army of the Shenandoah.

The case, commonly referred to as the Aga Khan Case, was heard by Sir Joseph Arnould.

In the Qur ' an, Benjamin is referred to as righteous young child, who remained with Jacob when the older brothers plotted against Joseph.

The period is sometimes referred to as the era of Viennese Classic or Classicism (), since Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Joseph Haydn, Antonio Salieri, and Ludwig van Beethoven all worked at some time in Vienna, and Franz Schubert was born there.

( In Hubbard's earliest publications on the subject, engrams were variously referred to as " Norns ", " Impediments ," and " comanomes " before " engram " was adapted from its existing usage at the suggestion of Joseph Winter.

For instance, Joseph Smith was referred to as " the modern Mahomet " by the New York Herald, shortly after his murder in June 1844.

Nitrogen was also studied at about the same time by Carl Wilhelm Scheele, Henry Cavendish, and Joseph Priestley, who referred to it as burnt air or phlogisticated air.

Senator Joseph Underwood referred to " the threatened civil war, unless we appease the hot bloods of Texas.

However, Freeman does admit that Lee corresponded with Joseph E. Johnston, his predecessor in army command, prior to that date and referred to Johnston's command as the Army of Northern Virginia.

Many contemporary string players vary the pitch from below, only up to the nominal note and not above it, although great violin pedagogues of the past such as Carl Flesch and Joseph Joachim explicitly referred to vibrato as a movement towards the bridge, meaning upwards in pitch ,— and the cellist Diran Alexanian, in his 1922 treatise Traité théorique et pratique du Violoncelle, shows how one should practice vibrato as starting from the note and then moving upwards in a rhythmic motion.

R. Gershom, his brother Machir, Joseph ben Samuel Bonfils ( Tob ' Elem ) of Limoges, R. Tam ( Jacob ben Meïr ), Menahem ben Perez of Joigny, Perez ben Elijah of Corbeil, Judah of Paris, Meïr Spira, and R. Meïr of Rothenburg made Masoretic compilations, or additions to the subject, which are all more or less frequently referred to in the marginal glosses of Biblical codices and in the works of Hebrew grammarians.

A baronet is referred to and addressed as, for example, " Sir < Joseph >" ( using his forename ).

He was the fifth of the thirteen children of John Joseph Gotti Sr. and his wife Philomena ( referred to as Fannie ).

After the town was ravaged by a blaze in 1812 it was extensively rebuilt in a Biedermeier style according to plans by architect Joseph Kornhäusel, it is therefore sometimes referred to as the Biedermeierstadt.

It is still often referred to on maps by the original canal crossing name of Windmill Bridge and is very close to the spot where the eponymous windmill once stood ; attracting the attention of a local Brentford artist named Joseph Mallard William Turner.

This can mean that Zion can be anywhere, but when God referred to Jackson County as Zion he also told Joseph that this land would be the New Jerusalem.

The Hot Springs Railroad, often referred to as the Diamond Jo line, was established as a narrow-gauge railroad by Chicago businessman Joseph Reynolds in 1874.

* Joseph Haydn's works are referred to by their Hob.

When first presented, Joseph Joestar referred to it as ; it could conjecturally be said to be a semi-physical manifestation of one's ripple powers.

In a letter of 31 January 1985 to Cardinal Giuseppe Siri, regarding the book Poem of the Man God, Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger ( then Prefect of the Congregation, who later became Pope Benedict XVI ), referred to the 1966 notification of the Congregation as follows: " After the dissolution of the Index, when some people thought the printing and distribution of the work was permitted, people were reminded again in L ' Osservatore Romano ( 15 June 1966 ) that, as was published in the Acta Apostolicae Sedis ( 1966 ), the Index retains its moral force despite its dissolution.

In 1781, Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor, ordered the destruction of the city's fortified walls – their former location however continues to be referred to in the Latin terms intra muros ( within the walls ) and extra muros ( outside ), and meanwhile the site became that of the inner ring road.

Berlin's writings on the Enlightenment and its critics ( especially Giambattista Vico, Johann Gottfried Herder, Joseph de Maistre and Johann Georg Hamann, to whose views Berlin referred as the Counter-Enlightenment ) contributed to his advocacy of an irreducibly pluralist ethical ontology.

In April 1844, Joseph Smith referred to polygamy as " John C. Bennett's spiritual wife system " and warned " if any man writes to you, or preaches to you, doctrines contrary to the Bible, the Book of Mormon, or the book of Doctrine and Covenants, set him down as an imposter.

The Battle of Solferino ( referred to in Italy as the Battle of Solferino and San Martino ) on 24 June 1859 resulted in the victory of the allied French Army under Napoleon III and Sardinian Army under Victor Emmanuel II ( together known as the Franco-Sardinian Alliance ) against the Austrian Army under Emperor Franz Joseph I.

Joseph Carey Merrick ( 5 August 1862 – 11 April 1890 ), sometimes incorrectly referred to as John Merrick, was an English man with severe deformities who was exhibited as a human curiosity named the Elephant Man.