In 1115, the Jurchen Jin Dynasty emerged to prominence, annihilating the Liao Dynasty in 10 years.

The first documented battlefield use of fire lances took place in 1132 when Chen Gui used them to defend De ' an from attack by the Jurchen Jin.

It allows once " foreign " dynasties like the Mongol Yuan and the Manchu Qing as well as the Khitan Liao, Jurchen Jin to be appreciated as part of the Chinese tapestry, allegedly helping reduce the alienation of ethnic minorities living in China.

* 1215 – Zhongdu ( now Beijing ), then under the control of the Jurchen ruler Emperor Xuanzong of Jin, is captured by the Mongols under Genghis Khan, ending the Battle of Zhongdu.

* 1127 – Invading Jurchen soldiers from the Jin Dynasty besiege and sack Bianjing ( Kaifeng ), the capital of the Song Dynasty of China, and abduct Emperor Qinzong and others, ending the Northern Song Dynasty.

After the fall of the Northern Song dynasty, and during the reign of the Jin ( Jurchen ) and Yuan ( Mongol ) dynasties in northern China, a common speech developed based on the dialects of the North China Plain around the capital, a language referred to as Old Mandarin.

The treaty reduces the Southern Song into a quasi-tributary state of the Jurchen Jin Dynasty.

* The Jurchen Jin Dynasty in China defend Kaifeng against Mongol invaders, involving the use of rockets.

* February 9 – Song Dynasty Chinese and Mongolian armies occupy the Jurchen capital at Caizhou, marking the collapse of the Jin Dynasty ( 1115 – 1234 ).

* The Jurchen establish the Jin Dynasty of China.

* The Battle of Tangdao and Battle of Caishi, on the Yangtze river between the Jurchen Jin Dynasty and the Chinese Song Dynasty, result in two pivotal Song naval victories.

* Emperor Xizong of Jin, third ruler of the Jurchen Jin Dynasty

* Jin Dynasty ( 1115 – 1234 ) ( 金朝 ), a Jurchen kingdom in northern China

In the early 12th century the Tungusic Jurchen people, who were Liao's tributaries, overthrew the Liao and formed the Jin Dynasty ( 1115 – 1234 ), which went on to control parts of Northern China and Mongolia.

In 1169, with China divided between the Jurchen-led Jin Dynasty in the north and the Southern Song dynasty in the south, the Chinese emperor sent a delegation to the Jurchen to wish their ruler well for the New Year.

The Jin Dynasty was founded in what would become northern Manchuria by the Jurchen tribal chieftain Wanyan Aguda ( 完顏阿骨打 ) in 1115.

In 1211 about 50, 000 Mongols on horses invaded the Jin Empire and began absorbing Khitan and Jurchen rebels.

After thirty years of struggle, the Jurchen chief Nurhaci ( 努爾哈赤 ) combined the three Jurchen tribes and founded the Later Jin Dynasty ( 1616 – 1636 ).

After Genghis Khan unified the Mongol tribes in 1206 and founded the Mongol Empire, the Tangut Western Xia empire was ultimately conquered in 1227, and the Jurchen Jin Dynasty fell in 1234.

The eastern Mongol tribes near and in Manchuria, particularly the Khorchin and Southern Khalkha in today ` s Inner Mongolia intermarried, formed alliances with, and fought against the Jurchen tribes until Nurhaci, the founder of the new Jin Dynasty, consolidated his control over all groups in the area in 1593.

The Jurchen, a subject tribe within the Liao empire, rebelled against the Liao and formed their own state, the Jin Dynasty ( 1115 – 1234 ).

This art project was a diplomatic gesture to the Jin Dynasty while he negotiated for the release of his mother from Jurchen captivity in the north.

They emerged as the major threat to the late Ming Dynasty after Nurhaci united all Jurchen tribes and established an independent state.

* Toi invasion: Jurchen pirates from the Khitan Liao Dynasty in Manchuria invade Kyūshū of Heian-era Japan.

* from Jurchen people at Qing Dynasty

The Jīn Dynasty ( Jurchen: Anchun Gurun ;, ); Manchu: Aisin Gurun ; Khitan language: Nik, Niku ; ; 1115 – 1234 ), also known as the Jurchen Dynasty or Jurched Dynasty, was founded by the Wanyan ( 完顏 Wányán ) clan of the Jurchens, the ancestors of the Manchus who established the Qing Dynasty some 500 years later.

Jurchen horsemen were provided with heavy armor ; on occasions, they would use a team of horses attached to each other with chains ( 拐子马, guaizi ma )

In relationship with Jurchen people, he installed 4-goon ( 郡 ) and 6-jin ( 鎭 ) in northern part of Korean peninsula.

They established the Jin Dynasty ( 1115 – 1234 ) ( Ancun gurun in ancient Jurchen and Aisin gurun in Standard Manchu ) between 1115 and 1122, which lasted until 1234 with the arrival of the Mongols.

In 1388, the Hongwu Emperor dispatched a mission to establish contact with the tribes of Odoli, Huligai and T ' owen, beginning the sinicisation of the Jurchen people.

The Ming dynasty had set up a horse market at a Jurchen dwelling-place to carry out trade with the Haixi and Jianzhou tribes, whose main commodities were horse, fur, ginseng, and other special local products.

Jurchen women married those Chinese who had no family with them.

The Jurchen Jin Dynasty ( 1115 – 1234 ) bestowed the title " the King Who Makes the Nation Prosperous and Answers with Miracles " ( 興國靈應王, Xingguo Lingying Wang ) on the mountain god in 1172 and it was promoted to " the Emperor Who Cleared the Sky with Tremendous Sagehood " ( 開天宏聖帝, Kaitian Hongsheng Emperor ) in 1193.

Jurchen women married those Chinese who had no family with them.

The royal court was in a state of confusion over the possibility of a war with Japan, now unified under the rule of Toyotomi Hideyoshi, and the unstable situation in Manchuria where a young Jurchen chieftain named Nurhaci was gathering strength.

A 2005 Korean film, Cheongun ( 천군 ; 天軍 ) or " Heaven's Soldiers ", directed by Min Joon Gi, portrayed a young Yi Sun-sin, played by Park Joong-hoon, fighting the Jurchen tribes, along with local villagers and North and South Korean soldiers who traveled in time, from 2005 to 1572, with Halley's Comet.

The name's currency in the Muslim world survived the replacement of the Khitan Liao Dynasty with the Jurchen Jin Dynasty in the early 12th century.

Jurchen-Manchu ( Jurchen and Manchu are simply different stages of the same language ; in fact, the ethnonym " Manchu " did not come about until 1636 when Emperor Hong Taiji decreed that the term would replace " Jurchen ") is the only Tungusic language with a literary form ( in Jurchen script and later the Manchu alphabet ) which dates back to at least the mid-to late-12th century ; as such it is a very important language for the reconstruction of Proto-Tungusic.

The Southern Song Dynasty which ruled southern China from 1127 to 1279 was largely co-existent with the Jurchen Jin dynasty ( 1115 – 1234 ), which had established control over northern China and its largely Chinese population.

A Tungusic people, the Jurchen, ancestors of the Manchu, formed an alliance with the Song and reduced the Kitan Empire to vassal status in a seven-year war ( 1115 – 1122 ).

Scarcely pausing in their conquests, the Tungusic Jurchen subdued neighboring Koryo ( Korea ) in 1226 and invaded the territory of their former allies, the Song, to precipitate a series of wars with China that continued through the remainder of the century.

Although the Jurchen ruler Wanyan Liang, spurred on by his aspirations to become the ruler of all China, moved the Jin capital from Shangjing to Yanjing ( now Beijing ) in 1153, and had the Shangjing palaces destroyed in 1157, the city regained a degree of significance under Wanyan Liang's successor, Emperor Shizong, who enjoyed visiting the region to get in touch with his Jurchen roots.