An elephant clock in a manuscript by Al-Jazari ( 1206 AD ) from The Book of Knowledge of Ingenious Mechanical Devices. In the 13th century, Al-Jazari, a Kurdish Muslim engineer from Mesopotamia ( lived 1136-1206 ) who worked for Artuqid king of Diyar-Bakr, Nasir al-Din, made numerous clocks of all shapes and sizes.

According to Toufic Fahd, around the 9th century, Al-Dinawari, an Iranian Kurdish naturalist, wrote the Kitab al-Nabat ( Book of Plants ), in which he deals with the application of meteorology to agriculture during the Muslim Agricultural Revolution.

Ṣalāḥ ad-Dīn Yūsuf ibn Ayyūb (, Ṣalāḥ ad-Dīn Yūsuf ibn Ayyūb, Kurdish: سه ‌ لاحه ‌ دین ئه ‌ یوبی, Selah ' edînê Eyubî ) ( 1137 / 1138 – March 4, 1193 ), better known in the Western world as Saladin, was a Kurdish Muslim, who became the first Sultan of Egypt and Syria, and founded the Ayyubid dynasty .< ref name =" Minorsky "> A number of contemporary sources make note of this.

As such, Saladin is a prominent figure in Kurdish, Arab, and Muslim culture.

The Jews of Kurdistan were forced to leave and migrate as a result of the Arab-Israeli war, as a result of the increasing hostility and acts of violence against Jews in Iraq and Kurdish towns and villages, and as a result of a new situation that had been built up during the 1940s in Iraq and Kurdistan in which the ability of Jews to live in relative comfort and relative tolerance ( that was erupted from time to time prior to that period ) with their Arab and Muslim neighbors, as they did for many years, practically came to an end.

The Assyrian Christians on the other hand, came to similar conclusion but migrated in stages following each and every eruption of a political crisis with the regime in which boundaries they lived or following each conflict with their Muslim, Turkish, Arabs or Kurdish neighbors, or following the departure or expulsion of their patriarch Mar Shimon in 1933, first to Cyprus and then to the United States.

She was the eldest child of former prime minister Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, a Pakistani of Sindhi descent, and Begum Nusrat Ispahani, a Pakistani Muslim of Kurdish descent.

* Iraqi military forces suppress Kurdish and Shiites Muslim rebellions in the southern and northern parts of the country during the 1991 uprising in Iraq, creating a humanitarian disaster on the borders of Turkey and Iran.

The province is named after Saladin ( written Salah ad-Din in modern Arabic Latin transcription ), a Kurdish Muslim leader who defeated the Crusaders at Hattin, who hailed from the province.

The eclipse of the Sasanian and Byzantine power by the Muslim caliphate, and its own subsequent weakening, let the Kurdish principalities and " mountain administrators " set up new independent states.

Throughout Kurdish history after the Muslim conquests, there was a tendency for Kurdish tribes to move northwest as vassals of greater Muslim powers -- from the Zagros to east Assyria and south-central Armenia, to west Assyria and west Armenia, to in modern times, migration of individuals into western Turkey, western Europe or even the Western Hemisphere.

compared three Jewish and three non-Jewish groups from the Middle East: Ashkenazim, Sephardim, and Kurdish Jews from Israel ; Muslim Arabs from Israel and the Palestinian Authority Area ; Bedouin from the Negev ; and Muslim Kurds.

The Ayyubid dynasty ( ) was a Muslim dynasty of Kurdish origin, founded by Saladin and centered in Egypt.

Nuri as-Sa ' id was born in Baghdad to a lower middle class Sunni Muslim family of Kurdish origin.

Abd al-Karim Qasim's father was a Sunni Muslim of Arabic and Kurdish descent who died shortly after his son's birth during World War I as a soldier for the Ottoman Empire.

* 9th century-Al-Dinawari, a Kurdish naturalist, writes the Kitab al-Nabat ( Book of Plants ), in which he deals with the application of meteorology to agriculture during the Muslim Agricultural Revolution.

Badi ' al-Zaman Abū al -' Izz ibn Ismā ' īl ibn al-Razāz al-Jazarī ( 1136 – 1206 ) (, ) was an Arab or a Kurdish Muslim polymath: a scholar, inventor, mechanical engineer, craftsman, artist, and mathematician from Jazirat ibn Umar ( current Cizre ), who lived during the Islamic Golden Age ( Middle Ages ).

During the First World War many Muslim people ( Turkish and Kurdish ) were killed by Armenians in eastern Anatolia ( including Bayburt, Bitlis, Erzincan, Erzurum, Kars and Mus ), and by Greeks in western Anatolia ( including Izmir, Manisa and Usak ).

A French village blacksmith goes to aid the city of Jerusalem in its defence against the Kurdish Muslim leader Saladin, who is battling to reclaim the city from the Christians leading to the Battle of Hattin.

* 1193 – Saladin, Kurdish sultan ( b. 1137 )

* Following the death of Saladin, the lands of the Kurdish Ayyubid dynasty of Egypt and Syria are split among his descendants.

* March 4 – Saladin, Sultan of the Kurdish Ayyubid dynasty of Egypt and Syria ( b. c. 1138 )

The earliest known Kurdish dynasties under Islamic rule ( 10th to 12th centuries ) are the Hasanwayhids, the Marwanids, the Shaddadids, followed by the Ayyubid dynasty founded by Saladin.

The most flourishing period of Kurdish power was probably during the 12th century, when the great Saladin, who belonged to the Rawendi branch of the Hadabani ( or Adiabene ) tribe, founded the Ayyubite ( 1171 – 1250 ) dynasty of Syria, and Kurdish chieftainships were established, not only to the west of the Kurdistan mountains in Syria, but as far away as Egypt and Yemen.

The Kurdish leader Saladin along with his uncles Ameer Adil and Ameer Sherko, were joined by Kurdish fighters from the cities of Tigrit, Mosul, Arbil and Sharazur in a drive towards ' Sham ' ( today's Syria and Lebanon ) in order to protect Islamic lands against crusader attack.

Ultimately, Nur ed-Din's Kurdish general Shirkuh was successful in conquering Egypt in 1169, but Shirkuh's nephew and successor as Governor of Egypt, Saladin, eventually rejected Nur ad-Din's control.

There are descriptions of the battle in the Itinerarium Regis Ricardi, the Old French continuation of William of Tyre called Estoire d ' Eracles and, from the Kurdish and Arab side, in Baha ad-Din ibn Shaddad's Rare and Excellent History of Saladin, Abu Shama and Ibn al-Athir.

Many songs are epic in nature, such as the popular Lawiks which are heroic ballads recounting the tales of Kurdish heroes such as Saladin.

Asad ad-Din Shirkuh bin Shadhi (, Shêr-kuh literally means lion of the mountains in Kurdish ), also known as Shêrko or " Shêrgo " ( died 1169 ) was an important Kurdish military commander, and uncle of Saladin.

* Najm ad-Din Ayyub ( died 1173 ), Kurdish soldier, father of Saladin

In the Swedish film Arn – The Knight Templar he portrayed Saladin, the revered 12th-century Kurdish leader of the Arabs and Muslims.

* 2005 – Kurdish leader Jalal Talabani becomes Iraqi president ; Shiite Arab Ibrahim al-Jaafari is named premier the next day.

* 1946 – Massoud Barzani, Kurdish politician, President of Iraqi Kurdistan

* 1996 – Saddam Hussein's troops seized Irbil after the Kurdish Masoud Barzani appealed for help to defeat his Kurdish rival PUK.

* 1999 – Kurdish rebel leader Abdullah Öcalan is charged with treason in Ankara, Turkey.

* 1999 – Across Europe, Kurdish rebels take over embassies and hold hostages after Turkey arrests one of their rebel leaders, Abdullah Öcalan.

A Kurdish people | Kurdish Kurdistan Workers ' Party | PKK guerrilla in Iraqi Kurdistan as part of the Kurdish – Turkish conflict.

* Kurdish – Turkish conflict

Italy did take part in the 1990 – 91 Gulf War but solely through the deployment of eight Italian Air Force Panavia Tornado IDS bomber jets to Saudi Arabia ; Italian Army troops were subsequently deployed to assist Kurdish refugees in northern Iraq following the conflict.

* 1997 – The Turkish Armed Forces withdraw from northern Iraq after assisting the Kurdistan Democratic Party in the Iraqi Kurdish Civil War.

* 1946 – Iran: Qazi Muhammad declares the independent people's Republic of Mahabad at Chuwarchira Square in the Kurdish city of Mahabad.

* 1961 – Leyla Zana, Kurdish politician

* 1939 – Jalal Dabagh, Kurdish politician

* 1988 – Halabja poison gas attack: The Kurdish town of Halabjah in Iraq is attacked with a mix of poison gas and nerve agents on the orders of Saddam Hussein, killing 5000 people and injuring about 10000 people.

* 1920 – Azeri and Turkish army soldiers with participation of Kurdish gangs attacked the Armenian inhabitants of Shushi ( Nagorno Karabakh ).

* 1978 – The Kurdish party PKK is founded in the city of Riha ( Urfa ) in Turkey.

* 1998 – While en route from Adana to Ankara, a Turkish Airlines flight with a crew of 6 and 33 passengers is hijacked by a Kurdish militant who orders the pilot to fly to Switzerland.

* 1907 – Said Pasha Kurd, Kurdish statesman ( b. 1834 )

* 1992 – An Iranian Kurdish leader and his two joiners are assassinated by political militants in Berlin, Germany.

He suppressed several movements, particularly Shi ' a and Kurdish movements seeking to overthrow the government or gain independence, respectively, and maintained power during the Iran – Iraq War of 1980 through 1988.