The word " Mexico " as spoken in its original Nahuatl, and by the Spaniards at the time of the conquest, was pronounced originally with a " sh " sound (" Mesh-ee-co "), as opposed to current pronunciation, and was transcribed with an " x " as was the usage in Spanish at the time.

The name Cuāuhtemōc ( Nahuatl pronunciation: ) means " One That Has Descended Like an Eagle ", commonly rendered in English as " Descending Eagle " as in the moment when an eagle folds its wings and plummets down to strike its prey, so this is a name that implies aggressiveness and determination.

Aztlán is the Spanish language spelling and pronunciation of Nahuatl Aztlān.

It is generally understood that the name Orizaba comes from a Hispanicized pronunciation of the Nahuatl name Ahuilizapan, which means ( more or less ) " valley of happiness ".

The name " coyote " is borrowed from Mexican Spanish coyote, ultimately derived from the Nahuatl word cóyotl.

Cortés used Marina ( her Christian name ) for translating between the Nahuatl language ( the common language of central Mexico of that time ) and the Chontal Maya language.

The name is thought to be derived from the Nahuatl word tlālli " earth ", and its meaning has been interpreted as " path beneath the earth ", " long cave " or " he who is made of earth ".

Anahuac ( Nahuatl: Ānāhuac ) is an ancient name for a Mesoamerican, particularly Aztec, area or areas, usually identified as located within or even coterminous with the Valley of Mexico.

( Note that the native Nahuatl name for the flat corn bread used was tlaxcalli ; the Spanish give it the name tortilla.

The name is derived from the original Nahuatl word camotli.

The Nahuatl words aztecatl ( singular ) and aztecah ( plural )< ref name =" mx " >< i > Náhuatl: AR-Z .</ i > ( n. d .).

According to the earliest account of the apparition, the Nican Mopohua, which was written in the Nahuatl language around 1556, the Virgin Mary told Juan Bernadino, the uncle of Juan Diego, that the image left on the tilma was to be known by the name " the Perfect Virgin, Holy Mary of Guadalupe.

It has also been suggested that the name is a Hispanized Nahuatl term that the Virgin used for herself, Coātlaxopeuh, meaning “ the one who crushes the serpent ” and that it may be referring to the feathered serpent Quetzacoatl.

His original or birth name was Cuauhtlatoatzin ( alternately rendered as Quauhtatoatzin, Guauhtlatoatzin, or Cuatliztactzin ), which has been translated as " Talking Eagle " in the Nahuatl language.

The glyph to the right of his head represents his Nahuatl language | Nahuatl name, Tonatiuh (" Sun ").

The name " Olmec " comes from the Nahuatl word for the Olmecs: Ōlmēcatl ( singular ) or Ōlmēcah ( plural ).

Teotihuacān is a Nahuatl ( Aztec ) name meaning " place where gods were born ".

Nahuatl scholar Thelma D. Sullivan interprets the name as " place of those who have the road of the gods.

The name is pronounced in Nahuatl, with the accent on the syllable wa.

The city's broad central avenue, called " Avenue of the Dead " ( a translation from its Nahuatl name Miccoatli ), is flanked by impressive ceremonial architecture, including the immense Pyramid of the Sun ( third largest in the

The name " quetzal " is from Nahuatl quetzalli, " large brilliant tail feather " ( American Heritage Dictionary ) or " tail coverts of the quetzal " ( Merriam – Webster's Collegiate Dictionary ), from the Nahuatl root quetz = " stand up " used to refer to an upstanding plume of feathers.

In Aztec mythology, Xochiquetzal ( from xochitl " flower " and quetzalli ) a " quetzal bird ", also called Ichpōchtli, meaning " maiden ",< ref name =" dic ">< i > Nahuatl Dictionary .</ i > ( 1997 ).

His name in the Nahuatl language is often translated as " Smoking Mirror " and alludes to his connection to obsidian, the material from which mirrors were made in Mesoamerica and which was used for shamanic rituals.

The word Nepōhualtzintzin comes from the Nahuatl and it is formed by the roots ; Ne-personal -; pōhual or pōhualli-the account -; and tzintzin-small similar elements.

Bows eventually replaced the spear-thrower as the predominant means for launching shafted projectiles, on every continent except Australia, though spear-throwers persisted alongside the bow in parts of the Americas, notably Mexico ( where the Nahuatl word for " spear-thrower " is atlatl ) and amongst the Inuit.

Perhaps the most cited explanation is that " chocolate " comes from Nahuatl, the language of the Aztecs, from the word chocolātl, which many sources derived from xocolātl, from xococ ' sour ' or ' bitter ', and ātl ' water ' or ' drink '.

Mosaic of what is considered to be Cuauhtemoc's last address as tlatoani in Nahuatl and Spanish

The Nahuatl word for drum is roughly translated as huehuetl.

This belief is thought to have been common throughout Nahuatl people.

This is rare nowadays since many people write Nahuatl without any orthographic sign and with the letters k, s and w, not present in the original alphabet.

In the codex's description of the first meeting between Moctezuma and Cortés, the Aztec ruler is described as giving a prepared speech in classical oratorial Nahuatl, a speech which as described verbatim in the codex ( written by Sahagún's Tlatelolcan informants who were probably not eyewitnesses of the meeting ) included such prostrate declarations of divine or near-divine admiration as, " You have graciously come on earth, you have graciously approached your water, your high place of Mexico, you have come down to your mat, your throne, which I have briefly kept for you, I who used to keep it for you ," and, " You have graciously arrived, you have known pain, you have known weariness, now come on earth, take your rest, enter into your palace, rest your limbs ; may our lords come on earth.

" The word is said to signify ' country by the waters ' in Nahuatl, the old Aztec language ; hence the theory that Anahuac was located on the sea coast.

) The Nahuatl word for enchilda is chīllapītzalli which is formed of the Nahuatl word for " chili ", chīlli and the Nahuatl word for " flute ", tlapītzalli .< ref > Karttunen, F. ( 1983 ).

The Aztecs were Nahuatl speaking groups living in central Mexico and much of their mythology is similar to that of other Mesoamerican cultures.

Aztec culture and history is primarily known through archaeological evidence found in excavations such as that of the renowned Templo Mayor in Mexico City ; from indigenous bark paper codices ; from eyewitness accounts by Spanish conquistadors such as Hernán Cortés and Bernal Díaz del Castillo ; And especially from 16th and 17th century descriptions of Aztec culture and history written by Spanish clergymen and literate Aztecs in the Spanish or Nahuatl language, such as the famous Florentine Codex compiled by the Franciscan monk Bernardino de Sahagún with the help of indigenous Aztec informants.

Linguistically the term " Aztecan " is still used about the branch of the Uto-Aztecan languages ( also sometimes called the yuto-nahuan languages ) that includes the Nahuatl language and its closest relatives Pochutec and Pipil.

Professional scholars were impressed by his work and in 1930 he received a grant to study the Nahuatl language in Mexico ; on his return home he presented several influential papers on the language at linguistic conferences.

In addition to his well known work on linguistic relativity, he wrote a grammar of the Hopi language and studies of Nahuatl dialects, proposed a deciphering of Maya hieroglyphic writing, and published the first attempt towards a reconstruction of Uto-Aztecan.

He began studying the Nahuatl language in 1925, and later, beginning in 1928, he studied the collections of Maya hieroglyphic texts.

In 1928 he first presented a paper at the International Congress of Americanists in which he presented his translation of a Nahuatl document held at the Peabody Museum at Harvard.

In addition to Nahuatl, Whorf studied the Piman and Tepecano languages, while in close correspondence with linguist J. Alden Mason.

Whorf considered using the money to travel to Mexico to procure Aztec manuscripts for the Watkinson library, but Tozzer suggested he spend the time in Mexico documenting modern Nahuatl dialects.

In his application Whorf proposed to establish the oligosynthetic nature of the Nahuatl language.

The SSRC awarded Whorf the grant and in 1930 he traveled to Mexico City where Professor Robert H Barlow put him in contact with several speakers of Nahuatl to serve as his informants, among whom were Mariano Rojas of Tepoztlán and Luz Jimenez of Milpa Alta.

The outcome of the trip to Mexico was Whorf's sketch of Milpa Alta Nahuatl, published only after his death, and an article on a series of Aztec pictograms found at the Tepozteco monument at Tepoztlán, Morelos in which he noted similarities in form and meaning between Aztec and Maya day signs.

The northwest of the country, the Nicoya Peninsula, was the southernmost point of Nahuatl cultural influence when the Spanish conquerors ( conquistadores ) came in the sixteenth century.

" Chicano " may be a Hispanized word for " Chichen " or the Mayan descendants, not limited to Aztec descendants or Nahuatl people.

Santamaria gives a derivation from the Yucatec Maya word " chokol " meaning hot, and the Nahuatl " atl " meaning water.

Pointing to various sources dating from the time period of the Spanish conquest, they identify cacahuatl (" cacao water ") as the original Nahuatl word for the cold beverage consumed by the Aztecs.

Noting that using a word with caca in it to describe a thick, brown beverage would not have gone over well with most speakers of Spanish due to the fact that caca means faeces in Spanish, the Coes suggest that the Spanish colonisers combined the Nahuatl atl with the Yucatec Maya chocol, for unlike the Aztec, the Maya tended to drink chocolate heated.

While the expedition was stopped in the Chontal Maya capital of Itzamkanac, known as Acalan in Nahuatl, Cortés had Cuauhtémoc executed for allegedly conspiring to kill him and the other Spaniards.

It was named Kahlúa, meaning " House of the Acolhua people " in the Veracruz Nahuatl language spoken before the Spanish Conquest.

Soon, however, Puertocarrero was on his way to Spain as Cortés ' emissary to Charles V, and Cortés kept her by his side for her value as an interpreter who spoke two native languages — Mayan and Nahuatl.

According to Díaz, she spoke to emissaries from Moctezuma in their native tongue Nahuatl and pointed to Cortés as the chief Spaniard to speak for them.