The Pharisees, who not only accepted the Torah, but the rest of the Hebrew scriptures also, believed in the Resurrection of the Dead, and it is known to have been a major point of contention between the two groups ( see ).

The Pharisees based their belief on passages such as, which says: “ Multitudes who sleep in the dust of the earth will awake: some to everlasting life, others to shame and everlasting contempt.

Over the succeeding 47 chapters, Jesus is recorded as developing the theme that the ancient prophets, specifically Obadiah, Haggai and Hosea, were holy hermits following this religious rule ; and contrasting their followers – termed " true Pharisees " – with the " false Pharisees " who lived in the world, and who constituted his chief opponents.

This is believed to be a more accurate historical depiction of the Pharisees, who made debate one of the tenets of their system of belief.

* The New Covenant is not purely an expansion of the Old Covenant because the Pharisees and all who did not have faith in Jesus are excluded from the New Covenant, but were acceptable under the old.

# Judaism's oppressiveness reflects the disposition of Jesus ' opponents called " Pharisees " ( predecessors of the " rabbis "), who in their teachings and behavior were hypocrites ( see Woes of the Pharisees ).

* Shmaya, a rabbinic sage who was leader of the Pharisees in the 1st century BC

And the relationship between Early Christianity and the Pharisees was not always hostile, as e. g. Gamaliel is often cited as a Pharisaic leader who was sympathetic to Christians.

The first surviving historical mention of the Pharisees is from the Jewish-Roman historian Josephus ( 37 – 100 CE ), in a description of the " four schools of thought ," or " four sects ," into which the Jews were divided in the 1st century CE ; the other schools were the Essenes, who were generally apolitical and who may have emerged as a sect of dissident priests who rejected either the Seleucid-appointed or the Hasmonean high priests as illegitimate ; the Sadducees, who were the main antagonists of the Pharisees ; and the " fourth philosophy " possibly associated with the anti-Roman revolutionary groups such as the Sicarii and the Zealots.

During this period rabbis finalized the canonization of the Tanakh, and in 200 Judah haNasi edited together Tannaitic judgements and traditions into the Mishna, considered by the rabbis to be the definitive expression of the Oral Torah ( although some of the sages mentioned in the Mishnah are Pharisees who lived prior to the destruction of the Second Temple, or prior to the Bar Kozeba Revolt, most of the sages mentioned lived after the revolt ).

The Rabbis, who are traditionally seen as the descendants of the Pharisees, describe the similarities and differences between the two sects in Mishnah Yadaim.

Akiva sought to apply the system of isolation followed by the Pharisees ( פרושים = those who " separate " themselves ) to doctrine as they did to practice, to the intellectual life as they did to that of daily discourse, and he succeeded in furnishing a firm foundation for his system.

Jewish sect who differed from the Pharisees only in regarding Jesus as the Messiah.

" He may represent the Pharisees who were criticizing Jesus.

In his earliest work, Neusner had argued that the most credible evidence showed that the Second Commonwealth Pharisees were a sectarian group centered on " table fellowship " and ritual food purity practices, and less interested in wider Jewish values or social issues.

Jesus ' warning in that " this generation shall not pass, till all these things be fulfilled " is tied back to his similar warning to the Scribes and the Pharisees that their judgment would " come upon this generation " (), that is, during the first century rather than at a future time long after the Scribes and Pharisees had passed from the scene.

In Hellenistic and Roman times, some Pharisees were eager proselytizers, and had at least some success throughout the empire.

In this last example, the disciples thought that the reason Jesus said it was because they had brought no bread ; but Jesus explained that he was referring to the teaching of the Pharisees and the Sadducees.

Jesus ' warning in that " this generation shall not pass, till all these things be fulfilled " is tied back to his similar warning to the Scribes and the Pharisees that their judgment would " come upon this generation " (), that is, during the first century rather than at a future time long after the Scribes and Pharisees had passed from the scene.

A Wednesday Crucifixion of Jesus Christ allows for Christ to be in the tomb (" heart of the earth ") for three days and three nights as he told the Pharisees he would be ( Matthew 12: 40 ), rather than two nights and a day if he had died on a Friday.

However, although this was how the Pharisees saw the biblical implication, the Sadducees argued that if there were only female descendants of an individual's sons, and the sons themselves were dead, then the individual's daughters had the right to inherit.

The Pharisees had its origins in this new group of authorities.

One of the factors that distinguished the Pharisees from other groups prior to the destruction of the Temple was their belief that all Jews had to observe the purity laws ( which applied to the Temple service ) outside the Temple.

The family of Boethus, whom Herod had raised to the high-priesthood, revived the spirit of the Sadducees, and thenceforth the Pharisees again had them as antagonists (" Ant.

Christians interpret the Parable of the Paralytic Man as showing that the " man-made " teachings of the Pharisees had so " blinded their eyes " and " hardened their hearts ", that they were persisting ( unlike the crowds ) in refusing to credit his authority.

* That growing up in Biblical Galilee he had a skeptical and somewhat rebellious relationship to the hierarchy and teachings mandated by the authorities ( the Pharisees ) of the Temple in Jerusalem.

The crowd in Pilate's courtyard, according to the Synoptics, had been coached by the Pharisees and Sadducees to shout against Jesus.

One of the factors that distinguished the Pharisees from other groups prior to the destruction of the Temple was their belief that all Jews had to observe the purity laws ( which applied to the Temple service ) outside the Temple.

Although the Pharisees had opposed the wars of expansion of the Hasmoneans and the forced conversions of the Idumeans, the political rift between them became wider when Pharisees demanded that the Hasmonean king Alexander Jannaeus choose between being king and being High Priest.

According to Epiphanius, and Josephus, Mount Carmel had been the stronghold of the Essenes that came from a place in Galilee named Nazareth ; though this Essene group are sometimes consequently referred to as Nazareans, they are not to be confused with the " Nazarene " sect, which followed the teachings of Jesus, but associated with the Pharisees.

8: 3 And the scribes and Pharisees brought unto him a woman taken in adultery ; and when they had set her in the midst,

The Roman centurion is willing to execute the Pharisees because of their attempt to bribe him, yet Jesus says to let them go, after dividing their plunder: one third to Rome, one-third to the centurion's local needs, and one-third to the poor people of the nearby communities, some of whose children had been kidnapped by the Pharisees, to be sold as slaves.

The British theologian John Gill ( 1767 ) noted, " In the times of John Hyrcanus, and Alexander Janneus his son, sprung up the sect: of the Karaites, in opposition to the Pharisees, who had introduced traditions, and set up the oral law, which these men rejected.

Before his conflict's had been with the Pharisees and local teachers of the law.

Alexandra managed to secure assent to a Hasmonean monarchy from the Pharisees, who had suffered intense misery under Alexander and became Judea's ruling class.

Josephus attests that Salome Alexandra was very favorably inclined toward the Pharisees and that their political influence grew tremendously under her reign, especially in the institution known as the Sanhedrin.

First of all, Josephus reports elsewhere that the Pharisees did not grow to power until the reign of Queen Salome Alexandra ( JW. 1. 110 ) The coins minted under Hyrcanus suggest that Hyrcanus did not have complete secular authority.

This policy exacerbated the divide between the Pharisees and Sadducees under later Hasmonean monarchs such as Alexander Jannaeus.

Josephus attests that Salome Alexandra was very favorably inclined toward the Pharisees and that their political influence grew tremendously under her reign, especially in the institution known as the Sanhedrin.

The Jewish king Alexander Jannaeus crucified 800 rebels, said to be Pharisees, in the middle of Jerusalem.

Although the Pharisees did not support the wars of expansion of the Hasmoneans and the forced conversions of the Idumeans, the political rift between them became wider when a Pharisee suggested that the Hasmonean king Alexander Jannaeus choose between being king and being High Priest.

" ( This happened during their period of refuge in Egypt during the persecutions of Pharisees 88-76 BCE ordered by Alexander Jannæus.

During the reign of Alexander, who ( according to the historian Josephus ) apparently married her shortly after his accession, Alexandra seemed to have wielded only slight political influence, as evidenced by the hostile attitude of the king to the Pharisees.

The frequent visits to the palace of the chief of the Pharisaic party, Simeon ben Shetach, who was said to be the queen's brother must have occurred in the early years of Alexander's reign, before Alexander had openly broken with the Pharisees.

For example, Josephus records that Alexander Yannai fought against the Pharisees for six years, " and.

In revenge for the support of certain Pharisees for Demetrius III of Syria's invasion of Judea, Diogenes advised Alexander to crucify 800 Pharisee scholars and murder their families before their eyes.

During the reign of Alexander the Sanhedrin consisted almost entirely of Sadducees ; nevertheless he succeeded in ousting the Sadducean members and in replacing them with Pharisees.

Having accomplished this, Simeon recalled from Alexandria, Egypt the Pharisees who had been compelled to seek refuge there during the reign of Alexander Jannæus, among these fugitives being Joshua ben Perachya, the former Nasi.

The attitude of Alexander Jannæus toward the Pharisees, however, soon underwent a change ; and they were again compelled to flee, even Simeon himself being obliged to go into hiding.