The colonial power, Portugal, becoming ever richer and more powerful, would not tolerate the growth of these neighbouring states and subjugated them one by one, so that by the beginning of this century the Portuguese had complete control over the entire area.

Afonso, born in 1109, took the title of Prince after taking the throne of his mother, supported by the generality of the Portuguese nobility who disliked the alliance between Galicia and Portugal Countess Theresa had come to, marrying a second time the most powerful Galician count.

In Peru and Rio de la Plata many powerful figures proposed an American Monarchy such as those who wanted an independent Peruvian king of the still alive Inca Royal House, and those who requested a Prince of the Spanish house of Bourbon to come and rule directly in Lima, Mexico City or Bogota, as the Portuguese House of Orleans-Braganza had done in Rio de Janeiro.

Over the centuries this monastery had an important role on Portuguese culture.

During the following centuries the monks from this monastery had an influencing effect on Portuguese culture.

* Brazilian War of Independence ( 1822 – 1824 ): Series of military campaigns that had as objective to cement Brazilian sovereignty and end Portuguese resistance.

Charlton opened the scoring with a crisp side-footed finish after a run by Roger Hunt had forced the Portuguese goalkeeper out of his net ; his second was a sweetly struck shot after a run and pull-back from Geoff Hurst.

While Portuguese and Spanish activity in the region had weakened, the English had built fortified trading posts on tiny Ai and Run islands, ten to twenty kilometres from the main Banda Islands.

The regiment was established in 1808 by the Prince Regent and future king of Portugal, John VI, with the duty of protecting the Portuguese royal family, which had sought refuge in Brazil during the Napoleonic wars.

When the French general Junot arrived in Lisbon, the Portuguese fleet had already left with all the local elite.

It had a strong centralized administration and an aggressive military stance towards invaders, the Ajuuraan Empire successfully resisted an Oromo invasion from the west and a Portuguese incursion from the east during the Gaal Madow, meaning Black Christians, and the Ajuuraan-Portuguese wars.

Many of the Portuguese sailors had had illegitimate relationships with Indian women ( miscegenation ); Francis struggled to restore moral relations, and catechized many illegitimate children.

Europeans had already come to Japan: the Portuguese had already landed in 1543 on the island of Tanegashima, where they introduced the first firearms to Japan.

The 1960s brought about innovative thought to the French cuisine, especially because of the contribution of Portuguese immigrants that had come to the country fleeing the forced drafting to the Colonial Wars Portugal was fighting in Africa.

He soon added a sixth ship, Mary ( formerly Santa Maria ), a Portuguese merchant ship that had been captured off the coast of Africa near the Cape Verde Islands.

Although heavily outnumbered by Portuguese troops ( approximately 30, 000 Portuguese to some 10, 000 guerrillas ), the PAIGe had the great advantage of safe havens over the border in Senegal and Guinea, both recently independent of French rule.

Similarly, the repression the authoritarian single-party regime he led imposed on the population and severe food shortages also left marks and, despite having always denied, Luís Cabral was accused of being responsible for the death of a large number of black Guinea-Bissauan soldiers who had fought along with the Portuguese Army against the PAIGC guerrillas during the Portuguese Colonial War.

While the Mughals had acquired firearms via the Ottoman Empire, Bahadur's Gujurat had acquired them through a series of contracts drawn up with the Portuguese, allowing the Portuguese to establish a strategic foothold in north western India.

Philip, for example, keen to reach out to his Portuguese subjects, put his considerable influence behind the case for Isabella of Portugal, a 14th-century role model of a ' perfect wife ', to great effect, ultimately paying for a lavish celebration in Lisbon after her canonisation in 1625.

During the later part of the 16th century the Dutch-traditionally able seafarers and keen mapmakers-obtained an increasingly dominant position in world trade, a position previously occupied by the Portuguese and Spaniards.

The game of Crown Green Bowls is looking to grow with the introduction of the Portuguese Masters in October and recent interest from Sky TV to re-televise the sport.

After the Spanish and Portuguese ports were closed to the Dutch ships, the Republic began to show interest for trading in the Atlantic region.

Portugal lost part of Guinea to French West Africa, including the center of earlier Portuguese commercial interest, the Casamance River region.

By this time the Portuguese Empire had already lost its interest on the spice trade sea route because of the decreasing profitability of that business.

The Portuguese took no interest in these isolated islands.

After Henry's death in 1460, the Portuguese crown showed little interest in continuing and, in 1469, sold off the neglected African enterprise to a private Lisbon merchant consortium led by Fernão Gomes.

" " eaceful trade became the rule all along the African coast ", although there were some rare exceptions when acts of aggression led to violence ; for instance Portuguese traders attempted to conquer the Bissagos Islands in 1535, which was followed in 1571 when Portugal, supported by the Kingdom of Kongo, was able to capture the south-western region of Angola in order to secure its threatened economic interest in the area.

Following Portuguese missionary work, there have been large Christian communities in eastern Indonesia through to contemporary times, which has contributed to a sense of shared interest with Europeans, particularly among the Ambonese.

But in 1926, Portugal had become a rightist dictatorship which regarded the colonies as an economic frontier, to be developed in the interest of Portugal and the Portuguese.

The objective of Chavigny and Vergennes in Lisbon was to keep Portugal from entering the War of the Austrian Succession on the side of Britain, a task that proved relatively easy as the Portuguese had little interest in joining the war.

A work that drew particular interest was his Jurnal portughez (" Portuguese Diary "), completed during his stay in Lisbon and published only after its author's death.

During this time, Indonesia did not express any interest in Portuguese Timor, despite the anti-colonial rhetoric of President Sukarno.

In fact, the Portuguese cinema showed particular interest in the fado universe in 1947 with O Fado, História de uma Cantadeira, starred by Amália Rodrigues or in 1963, with O Miúdo da Bica, starred by Fernando Farinha.

The old British monarch, a personal friend of Carlos, would have been the great protector of the House of Braganza, and without him, the liberal government of Britain had no interest in maintaining the Portuguese monarchy.

Even in exile Manuel continued to be a patriot, going as far as declaring in his 1915 testament his intention to transfer his possessions to the Portuguese State, for the creation of a Museum and showing his interest in being buried in Portugal.

His first work, a collection of Sacred Music, as performed at the Royal Portuguese Chapel, which appeared in 1811, has the additional interest of dating the founding of the publishing firm Novello & Co which carries his name, as he issued the collection from his own house ; and he did the same with succeeding works, till his son Joseph Alfred Novello ( 1810 – 1896 ), who had started as a bass singer, became a regular music publisher in 1829.

Early French attempts to found colonies in 1612 at São Luís (" France Équinoxiale "), and in Brazil, in 1555 at Rio de Janeiro (" France Antarctique ") and in Florida ( including Fort Caroline in 1562 ) were not successful, due to a lack of official interest and to Portuguese and Spanish vigilance.

After the voyage of Cabral, the Portuguese concentrated their efforts on the lucrative possessions in Africa and India and showed little interest in Brazil.

For the Portuguese ruling regime, the overseas empire was a matter of national interest.

The English East India Company also began to take an interest in Iran and in 1622 four of its ships helped Abbas retake Hormuz from the Portuguese in the capture of Hormuz.

The Portuguese took no interest in the isolated Mascarene islands.

The play is based on Nzinga and discusses issues of colonisation, traditional African ruleship, women leadership versus male leadership, political succession, struggles between various Portuguese socio-political, and economic interest groups, struggles between the vested interests of the Jesuits and the Capuchins, etc.

The interest in these Portuguese love letters was so strong in the 17th century, that the word " portugaise " became synonymous for " passionate love letter ".

Of particular interest was the communiqué's reference to " Portuguese provinces in the Far East ".