As part of its current policy of ' status quo ', the ROC has not renounced claims over the territories currently controlled by the People's Republic of China, Mongolia, and Tuvan Republic in Russia, Northern Burma and some Central Asian states bordering areas.

However, the ROC does not actively pursue these claims in practice ; the remaining claims that the ROC are actively seeking are the Diaoyu Islands, whose sovereignty is also asserted by Japan and the PRC ; and the Spratly Islands in South China Sea, with multiple claimants.

The ROC claims an exclusive economic zone of and a territorial sea of.

The ROC claims the Japanese-administered Diaoyu Islands ( which the Japanese call " Senkaku-shoto "), as does the PRC.

The PRC still actively claims Taiwan as part of its territory and continues to threaten the ROC with a military invasion if the ROC officially declares independence by changing its name to and gaining international recognition as the Republic of Taiwan.

" The PRC rejects arguments involving the lack of a specific treaty ( San Francisco Peace Treaty ) transferring Taiwan's sovereignty to China by noting that neither PRC nor ROC was a signatory to any such treaty, making the treaties irrelevant with regard to Chinese claims.

The ROC claims to meet all these criteria as it possesses a government exercising effective jurisdiction over well-defined territories with over 23 million permanent residents and a full fledged foreign ministry.

However, current ROC President Ma Ying-jeou has re-asserted claims on mainland China as recently as October 8, 2008.

The People's Republic of China ( PRC ) regards itself as the " successor state " of the Republic of China ( ROC ), which the PRC claims no longer legitimately exists, following establishment of the PRC in mainland China.

* Spratly Islands – Nansha Islands – " The South-sands " are subject to claims by Vietnam, the PRC, ROC, Malaysia, The Philippines, and Brunei.

Additionally, the PRC claims sovereignty over the territory administered by the Republic of China ( ROC ), claiming most of it as its Taiwan Province.

Japan does not officially recognize Taiwan as a sovereign state, and regards the islands as a part of Ishigaki, Okinawa Prefecture and acknowledges neither the claims of the PRC nor ROC to the islands.

On the other hand, although policy has changed, and the ROC Government now focuses on representing the interests of the island of Taiwan, formally, the ROC still claims to be the Chinese State, and thus its juridical claim to the right to govern the whole of China still holds.

The ROC claims to have formally acquired the territorial sovereignty over Taiwan and Penghu through peace treaties with Japan.

Various claims have been made by the People's Republic of China ( PRC ), the Republic of China ( ROC ), and supporters of Taiwan independence over this question, with a variety of arguments advanced by all sides.

map of ROC claims in 1948 ( no labels ) ; my own production

A leading opponent of the new church is Gleb Yakunin who claims in his books and articles that the ROC is little more than a branch of the KGB.

In so far as claims are concerned, the People's Republic of China ( PRC ), the Republic of China ( ROC ; on Taiwan ) and Vietnam claim the entire archipelago.

The dispute exists because of the claims and counterclaims of countries around like the PRC which presently occupies eight ( 8 ) islets, the ROC which occupies only one ( 1 ) island which is the biggest in land area ( approximately 42 hectares ) and, Vietnam which occupies 25 islands which China had considered a vassal state and subject to Chinese sovereignty.

He developed the ROC army to prepare for an invasion of the mainland, and to defend Taiwan in case of an attack by the Communist forces.

He also financed armed groups in mainland China, such as Muslim soldiers of the ROC Army left in Yunnan under Li Mi, to continue to fight.

The archipelago makes up the majority ( 99 %) of the territory of the Republic of China ( ROC ), after the ROC lost its mainland China territory in the Chinese Civil War and fled to the island in 1949.

The ROC is governed under the Constitution of the Republic of China which was drafted in 1947 before the fall of the Chinese mainland to communism and outlined a government for all of China.

Taiwanese independence is a political movement whose goals are primarily to formally establish the Republic of Taiwan by renaming or replacing the Republic of China ( ROC ) ( commonly known as Taiwan ), strengthen Taiwanese national identity, reject unification and One country, two systems with the People's Republic of China ( PRC ) ( commonly known as China and mainland China ) and a Chinese identity, and obtain international recognition as a sovereign state.

This movement is supported by the Pan-Green Coalition in Taiwan, but opposed by the Pan-Blue Coalition which seeks to retain the somewhat ambiguous status quo of the ROC under the 1992 consensus, or gradually reunify with mainland China at some point.

At the end of World War II in 1945, Taiwan was taken over by the ROC forces who, then, ruled most of mainland China.

Since the defeat and expulsion of the ruling Kuomintang ROC government by the Communist Party of China from mainland China in 1949, the ROC government has controlled only Taiwan and its surrounding islands.

In 1949, after losing control of mainland China following the Chinese civil war, the ROC government under the KMT withdrew to Taiwan and Chiang Kai-shek declared martial law.

From the 1930s onward a civil war was underway in mainland China between Chiang Kai-shek's ROC government and the Communist Party of China led by Mao Zedong.

) was founded in mainland China by the victorious communists ; several months before, Chiang Kai-shek had established a provisional ROC capital in Taipei and moved his government there from Nanjing.

The Chinese Civil War ( 1927 – 1950 ) was a civil war fought between the Kuomintang ( KMT ), or the Chinese Nationalist Party-led Nationalist Government of the Republic of China, and the Communist Party of China ( CPC ), for the control of each other's territory which eventually led to two de facto states, the Republic of China ( ROC ) in Taiwan and the People's Republic of China ( PRC ) in mainland China both claiming to be the legitimate government of China.

In June 1949, the ROC declared a " closure " of all mainland China ports and its navy attempted to intercept all foreign ships.

ROC naval activity also caused severe hardship for mainland China fishermen.

" Forget not that you're in Ju ( city ) | Jǔ "-a rock in Quemoy Island with Chiang Kai-shek's admonition to ROC fighters not to retreat, and to retake the mainland China

Though viewed as a military liability by the United States, the ROC viewed its remaining islands in Fujian as vital for any future campaign to defeat the PRC and retake mainland China.

Though the United States rejected Chiang Kai-shek's proposal to bomb mainland China artillery batteries, it quickly moved to supply fighter jets and anti-aircraft missiles to the ROC.

Supporters of unification contend that PRC and ROC are the legacy left from the Chinese Civil War, and that both Taiwan ( currently under the administration of the ROC ) and mainland China ( currently under the administration of the PRC ) are parts of China.

The re-introduction was to re-establish and revive ancient Chinese cultural and historical heritage that was largely eradicated from the mainland due to the strict ideological fixation by the government of the People's Republic of China on Communism, but was kept intact under the administration of the ROC.

As a consequence of the World War II and the Chinese Civil War, however, the ROC lost control of mainland China to the Chinese communist party which founded the People's Republic of China ( PRC ) while gaining and maintaining control of Taiwan island, Penghu, Kinmen, Matsu and other islands.

Nowadays another front of significant opposition to the Taiwanization movement remains in the overseas Chinese communities in Southeast Asia and the Western world, who identify more with the historic pre-1949 mainland Republic of China or pre-Taiwanization movement ROC on Taiwan that oriented itself as the rump legitimate government of China.

In December 1949, Chiang proclaimed Taipei the temporary capital of the Republic of China ( ROC ) and continued to assert his government as the sole legitimate authority in China.

Through the support of the Western bloc ( most Western countries continued to recognize the ROC as the sole legitimate government of China ), the Republic of China on Taiwan retained China's seat in the United Nations until 1971.

Following the abandonment of Legalism in China after the Qin Dynasty, Confucianism became the official state ideology of China, until it was replaced by the " Three Principles of the People " ideology with the establishment of the Republic of China, and then Maoist Communism after the ROC was replaced by the People's Republic of China in Mainland China.

He served as Chairman of the National Military Council of the Nationalist government of the Republic of China ( ROC ) from 1928 to 1948.

Chiang was reelected by the National Assembly to be the President of the Republic of China ( ROC ) on May 20, 1954, and again in 1960, 1966, and 1972.

In the context of the Cold War, most of the Western world recognized this position and the ROC represented China in the United Nations and other international organizations until the 1970s.

Chiang appointed a Muslim General, Bai Chongxi, as the Minister of National Defence of the Republic of China, which controlled the ROC military.

He also promised not to change the ROC state symbols or declare formal independence as long as the People's Republic of China did not attack Taiwan.

The current official position of the party is that the " Republic of China ( Taiwan )" is an independent and sovereign country whose territory consists of Taiwan and its surrounding smaller islands and whose sovereignty derives only from the ROC citizens living in Taiwan ( similar philosophy of self-determination ), based on the " Resolution on Taiwan's Future " in 1999.

President Mauricio Funes stated El Salvador will only have commercial ties with the People's Republic of China and promised to the ROC president that El Salvador will maintain their diplomatic ties.

Standard Chinese has official status as the standard spoken form of the Chinese language in the People's Republic of China ( PRC ), the Republic of China ( ROC ) and the Republic of Singapore.

Throughout the 1950s and 1960s, the ROC government on Taiwan maintained itself to be the legitimate ruler of Mainland China.

Chiang considered all the minorities to belong to the Chinese Nation Zhonghua Minzu and he introduced this into Kuomintang ideology, which was propagated into the educational system of the Republic of China, and the Constitution of the ROC considered Chiang's ideology to be true.

Liberia dropped diplomatic relations with the ROC on October 12, 2003 and reestablished ties with the People's Republic of China.