Horatian satire, named for the Roman satirist, Horace ( 65 BCE – 8 BCE ), playfully criticizes some social vice through gentle, mild, and light-hearted humour.

Juvenalian satire, named after the Roman satirist Juvenal ( late 1st century-early 2nd century CE ), is a type of satire that is more contemptuous and abrasive than the Horatian.

* 169 BC – Quintus Ennius, epic poet, dramatist, and satirist, the most influential of the early Latin poets, and often called the founder of Roman literature or the father of Roman poetry.

* Quintus Ennius ( b. 239 BC ), epic poet, dramatist, and satirist, the most influential of the early Latin poets, and often called the founder of Roman literature or the father of Roman poetry.

Long after the Romans conquered the Gauls, the Roman satirist Lucian wrote a satirical story about Celtic beliefs.

Noteworthy in the Roman period were Strabo, a writer on geography ; Plutarch, the father of biography, whose Parallel Lives of famous Greeks and Romans is a chief source of information about great figures of antiquity ; Pausanias, a travel writer ; and Lucian, a satirist.

Persius, in full Aulus Persius Flaccus ( Volterra, 34 – 62 ), was a Roman poet and satirist of Etruscan origin.

It starts off with a satirical learned encomium after the manner of the Greek satirist Lucian, whose work Erasmus and Sir Thomas More had recently translated into Latin, a piece of virtuoso foolery ; it then takes a darker tone in a series of orations, as Folly praises self-deception and madness and moves to a satirical examination of pious but superstitious abuses of Catholic doctrine and corrupt practices in parts of the Roman Catholic Church — to which Erasmus was ever faithful — and the folly of pedants ( including Erasmus himself ).

It is named after Petronius Arbiter, the ancient Roman satirist and author of the Satyricon.

The Roman lyric poet and satirist Horace ( 65 – 8 BC ) first used the terms ab ovo (" from the egg ") and in medias res (" into the middle of things ") in his Ars poetica (" Poetic Arts ", ca.

* Petronius, a Roman author and satirist known formally as Gaius Petronius Arbiter

Gaius Lucilius ( c. 160s-103 / 2 BC ), the earliest Roman satirist, of whose writings only fragments remain, was a Roman citizen of the equestrian class, born at Suessa Aurunca in Campania.

It shows Pope as a monkey, because the satirist calls him " A --- P — E ," and he sits atop a stack of Pope's works and wears a papal tiara ( referring to Pope's Roman Catholicism ).

For poetry, Brown was important for his translation of Scarron's Le Virgile travesti, as well as the scandalous Roman satirist Petronius ( CBEL ).

In Lapuz's lectures and speeches, he would display the force and irrepressible energy of Juvenal ( Roman satirist ) one moment and the next, the urban savoir-faire of Horace ( Roman writer ).

The saying is ascribed to Petronius, a Roman satirist from the first century, CE.

This phrase originates from Rome in Satire X of the Roman satirist and poet Juvenal ( circa 100 C. E .).

Other influential 2nd century authors include Juvenal and Pliny the Younger, the latter of whom was a friend of Tacitus and in 100 delivered his famous Panygericus Traiani before Trajan and the Roman Senate, exalting the new era of restored freedom while condemning Domitian as a tyrant.

Epigram is associated with ' point ' because the European epigram tradition takes the Latin poet Martial as its principal model ; he copied and adapted Greek models ( particularly the contemporary poets Lucillius and Nicarchus ) selectively and in the process redefined the genre, aligning it with the indigenous Roman tradition of ' satura ', hexameter satire, as practised by ( among others ) his contemporary Juvenal.

The two most prominent and influential ancient Roman satirists are Horace and Juvenal, who wrote during the early days of the Roman Empire.

* Juvenal Roman satirical poet

* The Satires of Juvenal intimate that bread and circuses ( panem et circenses ) keep the Roman people happy.

* Juvenal, Roman poet

The Roman poet Juvenal satirised superficial politicians and the public as caring only for " panem et circenses " ( bread and circuses ).

* Berenice, 81 AD who first married her uncle Herod, king of Chalcis, and afterwards lived with her brother Agrippa, reputedly in an incestuous relationship, and subsequently married Polamo, king of Cilicia ; she is alluded to by Juvenal ; Bernice also had a common-law relationship with the Roman emperor Titus.

There is evidence that this joke dates back to Roman times: Satire VI by Juvenal says that one cannot be happy while one's mother-in-law is still alive.

Satire is one of the few Roman additions to literature — Horace was the first to use satire extensively as a tool for argument, and Juvenal made it into a weapon.

The 2nd century Roman poet Juvenal, who may have served in Britain under Agricola, wrote in Satires that " arms had been taken beyond the shores of Ireland ", and the coincidence of dates is striking.

Juvenal later wrote ( in Satires ) that Roman arms were " taken beyond the shores of Ireland.

Persius strikes the highest note that Roman satire reached ; in earnestness and moral purpose he rises far superior to the political rancour or good natured persiflage of his predecessors and the rhetorical indignation of Juvenal.

The Roman poet Juvenal applied both mortarium and pistillum to articles used in the preparation of drugs, reflecting the early use of the mortar and pestle as a pharmacist's or apothecary's symbol.

There was extensive immigration into Rome from peoples of Roman imperial territories, Juvenal wrote " Long since Syrian Orontes has flown into the River Tiber, and has brought with it its language and manners ".

Alternatively, the name may have been derived from the Roman poet Juvenal, who was thought also to have had the nomen Junius.

Juvenal wrote that Messalina, Roman empress of very noble birth, would hide her black hair with a blond wig for her nightly visits to the brothel: sed nigrum flavo crinem abscondente galero intravit calidum veteri centone lupanar.

Quintus Petillius Cerialis ( governor 71 to 74 AD ) campaigned against the Brigantes, but they were not completely subdued for many decades: Agricola ( governor 78 to 84 AD ) appears to have campaigned in Brigantian territory, and both the Roman poet Juvenal and the Greek geographer Pausanias refer to warfare against the Brigantes in the first half of the 1st century.

It is named after Juvenal, the Roman satirical poet.

The Roman poet Juvenal, writing in the early 2nd century, depicts a Roman father urging his son to win glory by destroying the forts of the Brigantes.

A shadowy historical Arviragus is known only from a cryptic reference in a satirical poem by Juvenal, in which a giant turbot presented to the Roman emperor Domitian ( AD 81 – 96 ) is said to be an omen that " you will capture some king, or Arviragus will fall from his British chariot-pole ".

The 2nd century Roman poet Juvenal, in his satirical attack on the habits of Roman women, also complains about the pervasive influence of Chaldeans, despite their lowly social status, saying " Still more trusted are the Chaldaeans ; every word uttered by the astrologer they will believe has come from Hammon's fountain, ... nowadays no astrologer has credit unless he has been imprisoned in some distant camp, with chains clanking on either arm ".

Harris dates studies of both to Classical Greece and Classical Rome, specifically, to Herodotus, often called the " father of history " and the Roman historian, Tacitus, who wrote many of our only surviving contemporary accounts of several ancient Celtic and Germanic peoples.

Christie wrote that Poirot is a Roman Catholic, and gave her character a strong sense of Catholic morality later in works.

In about 20 BC, the Roman architect and engineer Vitruvius wrote a treatise on the acoustic properties of theatres including discussion of interference, echoes, and reverberation — the beginnings of architectural acoustics.

At Rome, he wrote in Latin a history of the Roman empire from the accession of Nerva ( 96 ) to the death of Valens at the Battle of Adrianople ( 378 ), in effect writing a continuation of the history of Tacitus.

When Thomas Hobbes wrote that " the Papacy is no other than the ghost of the deceased Roman Empire sitting crowned upon the grave thereof ", he was promulgating an enormously important truth.

Other scholars have even said that Luke wrote this apology in order to support Christians who were becoming allies with local Roman officials.

He wrote another book, Maxims of the Roman Law and some of the Ancient French Law, as Expounded and Applied in Doctrine and Jurisprudence.

* Claudius Aelianus, Roman teacher and historian of the 3rd century, who wrote in Greek

Gildas, in his 6th century De Excidio et Conquestu Britanniae, may have been alluding to Boudica when he wrote " A treacherous lioness butchered the governors who had been left to give fuller voice and strength to the endeavours of Roman rule.

Bury wrote, " His name would be forgotten among the obscurest occupants of the Imperial throne were it not that his reign coincided with the fatal period in which it was decided that western Europe was to pass from the Roman to the Teuton.

In the Roman period, Pliny the Elder wrote in detail of the many minerals and metals then in practical use, and correctly noted the origin of amber.

Polybius ( c. 203 – 120 BC ) wrote on the rise of Rome to world prominence, and attempted to harmonize the Greek and Roman points of view.

The foremost Roman historian, he wrote an extremely influential account on Rome in the first century, the Annals.

Often called " the first modern historian ", the English scholar Edward Gibbon wrote his magnum opus, The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire ( 1776 – 1788 ).

Isidore of Miletus was a renowned scientist and mathematician before Emperor Justinian I hired him, “ Isidorus taught stereometry and physics at the universities, first of Alexandria then of Constantinople, and wrote a commentary on an older treatise on vaulting .” Emperor Justinian I appointed his architects to rebuild the Hagia Sophia following his victory over protesters within the capital city of his Roman Empire, Constantinople.

The Roman Emperor Marcus Aurelius wrote praising " the idea of a polity administered with regard to equal rights and equal freedom of speech, and the idea of a kingly government which respects most of all the freedom of the governed ".

Quintus Ennius wrote a historical epic, the Annals ( soon after 200 BC ), describing Roman history from the founding of Rome to his own time.

Ovid also wrote the Fasti, which describes Roman festivals and their legendary origins.

His contemporary Suetonius wrote biographies of the 12 Roman rulers from Julius Caesar through Domitian.

During his time as a bishop, Mellitus joined with Justus, the Bishop of Rochester, in signing a letter that Laurence wrote to the Celtic bishops urging the Celtic Church to adopt the Roman method of calculating the date of Easter.

In Magdeburg, Matthias Flacius and his companions wrote their anti-Catholic pamphlets and the Magdeburg Centuries, in which they argued that the Roman Catholic Church had become the kingdom of the Anti-Christ.

However, John A. T. Robinson and other scholars argued for a much earlier dating, based on the fact that the New Testament writings make no mention of ( 1 ) the Great Fire of Rome ( A. D. 64 ), one of the most destructive fires in Roman history, which Emperor Nero blamed on the Christians, and led to the first major persecution of believers ; ( 2 ) the final years and deaths of Paul, who wrote most of the epistles, Peter, whom Catholics recognize as the first pope, and the other apostles ; ( 3 ) Nero's suicide ( A. D. 68 ); or ( 4 ) the total destruction of the temple in Jerusalem ( A. D. 70 ), which Robinson thought should certainly have appeared, considering the importance of that event for Jews and Christians of that time.

The Roman astronomer Ptolemy mentions the Praesepe, the Double Cluster in Perseus, and the Ptolemy Cluster, while the Persian astronomer Al-Sufi wrote of the Omicron Velorum cluster.

He and his wife settled at Nola near Naples, where he wrote poems in honor of the martyr Felix, and corresponded with Christian leaders throughout the Roman Empire.

The pope held a new synod of the Roman clergy, before which both these writings were read ; the assembly held the statements to be orthodox, and Zosimus again wrote to the African bishops defending Pelagius and reproving his accusers, among whom were the Gallic bishops Hero and Lazarus.