* Sonata Undine, a Romantic sonata for flute and piano ( in E-minor ) by Carl Reinecke

Structurally, it follows traditional Classical-era sonata form, but the recapitulation of the main theme is varied to include extensive figurations in the right hand that anticipate some of the techniques of Romantic piano music.

* Sonata Undine, a Romantic sonata for flute and piano ( in E-minor ) by Carl Reinecke, 1882

This article treats the history of sonata form in the Baroque, Classical, Romantic, and Modern eras.

In the Romantic era, sonata form was first explicitly defined, and it became institutionalized.

However, the sonata form, as an inherited " mold ", also created a kind of tension for Romantic composers: the desire to combine poetical expression and academic rigor, which were often seen as being in conflict.

Later Romantic commentators and theorists detected a " sonata idea ", of increasing formalization.

74, his interest in the fugue and the passacaglia ( outside of organ music such as Josef Rheinberger's 8th sonata, fairly rare in the Romantic era ), or in such pieces as the second string quartet's minuet, and this one.

Literary or lyrical ballads grew out of an increasing interest in the ballad form among social elites and intellectuals, particularly in the Romantic movement from the later 18th century.

Haeckel's political beliefs were influenced by his affinity for the German Romantic movement coupled with his acceptance of a form of Lamarckism.

" In 1985, David Jasper praised the poem as " one of his greatest meditations on the nature of poetry and poetic creation " and argued " it is through irony, also, as it unsettles and undercuts, that the fragment becomes a Romantic literary form of such importance, nowhere more so than in ' Kubla Khan '.

Romantic nationalism ( also national romanticism, organic nationalism, identity nationalism ) is the form of nationalism in which the state derives its political legitimacy as an organic consequence of the unity of those it governs.

The view that fairy tales, unless contaminated from outside literary sources, were preserved in the same form over thousands of years, was not exclusive to Romantic Nationalists, but it fit in well with their views that such tales expressed the primordial nature of a people.

In Britain this took the form of Septentrionalism, in Germany that of " Wagnerian " pathos or even Germanic mysticism, and in the Scandinavian countries that of Romantic nationalism or Scandinavism.

This event inspired the Romantic movement, particularly Adam Mickiewicz, who gave the story a poetic form.

" Nevertheless, modern opinion has tended to regard Ingres and the other Neoclassicists of his era as embodying the Romantic spirit of his time, while his expressive distortions of form and space make him an important precursor of modern art.

It is best known in the form of late Romantic ballet or Ballet Blanc, which preoccupies itself with the female dancer to the exclusion of almost all else, focusing on pointe work, flowing, precise acrobatic movements, and often presenting the dancers in the conventional short white French tutu.

It has been read as a family drama that validates virtue over wealth .” Little Women has been read “ as a means of escaping that life by women who knew its gender constraints only too well .” Alcott “ combines many conventions of the sentimental novel with crucial ingredients of Romantic children ’ s fiction, creating a new form of which Little Women is a unique model .” Elbert argued that within Little Women can be found the first vision of the “ American Girl ” and that her multiple aspects are embodied in the differing March sisters.

The Romantic era in music was to accept the centrality of this practice, codify the form explicitly and make instrumental music in this form central to concert and chamber composition and practice, in particular for works that were meant to be regarded as " serious " works of music.

He brought to this form a concentrated expressive intensity which was unique in late Romantic music, somewhat related to that of the Second Viennese School in concision but utterly unrelated in technique.

* Romance languages, a family of languages originating in south-western Europe (" Romantic " is not the adjectival form )

Romantic English poets such as William Wordsworth, Percy Bysshe Shelley, and John Keats used blank verse as a major form.

Many other Romantic composers wrote pieces in the form, well known examples including the concerti by Robert Schumann, Edvard Grieg, Johannes Brahms, and Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky.

John Field, who lived in the early Romantic Era has been credited with the creation of the Nocturne form, later developed by Frédéric Chopin.

Under the influence of Romantic nationalism, a self-identified " Illyrian movement " () in the form of a Croatian national revival, opened a literary and journalistic campaign that was initiated by a group of young Croatian intellectuals during the years of 1835-1849.

Here he clearly stands on the boundary line between Romanticism and modern literature ; his Epigonen ( 1836 ) might be described as one of the last Romantic imitations of Goethe's Wilhelm Meister, while the satire and realism of his second novel, Münchhausen ( 1838 ), form a complete break with the older literature.

Some, such as the Suite hébraïque ( 1950 ) continue the Jewish theme ; others, such as the second concerto grosso ( 1952 ), display an interest in neo-classicism ( though here too the harmonic language is basically Romantic, even though the form is Baroque ); and others, including the late string quartets, include elements of atonality.

It is full of the aspiration of the Romantic school, but its form is classic, and its chastened style presents a striking contrast to the noise and fury of The Ancestress.

Relatively few clarinet concertos, or wind instrument concertos generally, were produced during the middle and late Romantic music era, but the form became more popular in the twentieth century, with famous clarinet concertos from Carl Nielsen, Copland, and the more recent ones by John Corigliano, John Adams, Kalevi Aho and John Williams.

Cyclic tonal progressions in the works of Romantic composers such as Gustav Mahler and Richard Wagner form a link with the cyclic pitch successions in the atonal music of Modernists such as Béla Bartók, Alexander Scriabin, Edgard Varèse, and the Second Viennese School ( Arnold Schoenberg, Alban Berg, and Anton Webern ).

The poem is divided into 133 cantos ( including the prologue and epilogue ), and in contrast to its constant and regulated metrical form, encompasses many different subjects: profound spiritual experiences, nostalgic reminiscence, philosophical speculation, Romantic fantasizing and even occasional verse.

In the United States, the leading Romantic movement was the Hudson River School of dramatic landscape painting.

The myth was perpetuated by Romeyn de Hooghe's Spiegel van Staat der Vereenigden Nederlanden (" Mirror of the State of the United Netherlands ", 1706 ), which also ran to many editions, and it was revived in the atmosphere of Romantic nationalism in the late eighteenth-century reforms that saw a short-lived Batavian Republic and, in the colony of the Dutch East Indies, a capital ( now Jakarta ) that was named Batavia.

Ludwig van Beethoven is also sometimes regarded either as a Romantic composer or a composer who was part of the transition to the Romantic.

Another pupil of David's, Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres became the most important artist of the restored Royal Academy and the figurehead of the Neoclassical school of art, engaging the increasingly popular Romantic school of art that was beginning to challenge Neoclassicism.

Subtitled From Romantic to Revolutionary, it was part of an effort by the Communist Party Historians ' Group, inspired by Torr, to emphasise the domestic roots of Marxism in Britain at a time when the Communist Party was under attack for always following the Moscow line.

Edgar Allan Poe ( born Edgar Poe ; January 19, 1809 – October 7, 1849 ) was an American author, poet, editor and literary critic, considered part of the American Romantic Movement.

Many modern writers of horror ( or indeed other types of fiction ) exhibit considerable Gothic sensibilities — examples include the works of Anne Rice, as well as some of the sensationalist works of Stephen King The Romantic strand of Gothic was taken up in Daphne du Maurier's Rebecca ( 1938 ) which is in many respects a reworking of Charlotte Brontë's Jane Eyre.

Giuseppe Fortunino Francesco Verdi (; 10 October 1813 – 27 January 1901 ) was an Italian Romantic composer, mainly of opera.

Weimar Classicism (" Weimarer Klassik ") was a cultural and literary movement based in Weimar that sought to establish a new humanism by synthesizing Romantic, classical, and Enlightenment ideas.

Ludwig van Beethoven ( 1770 – 1827 ) was the leading composer of Romantic music.

In opera, a new Romantic atmosphere combining supernatural terror and melodramatic plot in a folkloric context was first successfully achieved by Carl Maria von Weber ( 1786 – 1826 ) and perfected by Richard Wagner ( 1813 – 1883 ) in his Ring Cycle.

Yet his idea, which emerged in the context of the ethnocentric and nationalistic scholarship of the late 18th and 19th centuries, gained traction and was modified over time to support Romantic nationalism and Turanism.

Fingal written in 1762 was speedily translated into many European languages, and its deep appreciation of natural beauty and the melancholy tenderness of its treatment of the ancient legend did more than any single work to bring about the Romantic movement in European, and especially in German, literature, influencing Herder and Goethe.

During the reign of the July Monarchy, the Romantic Era was starting to bloom.

Driven by the Romantic Era, an atmosphere of protest and revolt was all around in France.

John Keats (; 31 October 1795 – 23 February 1821 ) was an English Romantic poet.

The first of the negative reviews was written by William Hazlitt, literary critic and Romantic writer.

This stabilizing synthesis of the Realist political and Romantic aesthetic ideology, was called by various names: in Great Britain it is the Victorian era.

Another important influence during this period was the Romantic aesthetic movement, which venerated the natural world and frequently made reference to the deities of antiquity.

The work was internationally popular and was influential in the development of the Romantic movement.