The discovery during the Second World War that guar gum was similar to imported locust gum increased its cultivation in western Asia and initiated it in the United States.

The Articles were created by delegates from the states in the Second Continental Congress out of a need to have " a plan of confederacy for securing the freedom, sovereignty, and independence of the United States.

In the United States however, " Amazing Grace " was used extensively during the Second Great Awakening in the early 19th century.

* 1841 – U. S. President John Tyler vetoes a bill which called for the re-establishment of the Second Bank of the United States.

A polarizing figure who dominated the Second Party System in the 1820s and 1830s, as president he dismantled the Second Bank of the United States and initiated ethnic cleansing and forced relocation of Native American tribes from the Southeast to west of the Mississippi River.

* 1994 – Eugene Bullard, the only black pilot in World War I, is posthumously commissioned as Second Lieutenant in the United States Air Force.

Second, it is " merely an interpretative provision ", operating to ensure that references to " the Queen " in the Constitution are references to whoever may at the time be the incumbent of the " sovereignty of the United Kingdom " as determined with regard to Australia, following the Australia Act 1986, by Australian law.

Adventism is a Christian movement which began in the 19th century, in the context of the Second Great Awakening revival in the United States.

* 1816 – The United States Government approves the creation of the Second Bank of the United States.

During the Second World War, Bletchley Park was the site of the United Kingdom's main decryption establishment, the Government Code and Cypher School ( GC & CS ), where ciphers and codes of several Axis countries were decrypted, most importantly the ciphers generated by the German Enigma and Lorenz machines.

The United States and Britain discovered plant growth regulators ( i. e., herbicides ) during the Second World War, and initiated an herbicidal warfare program that was eventually used in Malaya and Vietnam in counterinsurgency operations.

In addition to battling the armies of other European Empires ( and of its former colonies, the United States, in the American War of 1812 ), in the battle for global supremacy, the British Army fought the Chinese in the First and Second Opium Wars, and the Boxer Rebellion, Māori tribes in the first of the New Zealand Wars, Nawab Shiraj-ud-Daula's forces and British East India Company mutineers in the Sepoy Rebellion of 1857, the Boers in the First and Second Boer Wars, Irish Fenians in Canada during the Fenian raids and Irish separatists in the Anglo-Irish War.

* United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit

After tensions with the U. S. government came to a head in 1890, the church officially abandoned the public practice of polygamy in the United States, and eventually stopped performing official polygamous marriages altogether after a Second Manifesto in 1904.

It was able to re-group after the Second World War as part of a United Nationalist Front which achieved power campaigning on a simple anticommunist, ultranationalist platform.

They forced Chiang into making a " Second United Front " with the Communists against Japan.

Chiang's commitment to the Second United Front was nominal at best, and it was all but broken up in 1941.

Some blamed him for not doing enough against the Japanese forces in the lead-up to, and during, the Second Sino-Japanese War, preferring to withhold his armies for the fight against the Communists, or merely waiting and hoping that the United States would get involved.

During the 1840s, Lyell traveled to the United States and Canada, and wrote two popular travel-and-geology books: Travels in North America ( 1845 ) and A Second Visit to the United States ( 1849 ).

* 1835 – Osceola leads his Seminole warriors in Florida into the Second Seminole War against the United States Army.

Contentious issues include Egypt's signing of the Camp David Accords with Israel in 1979, its support for Iraq in Iran's eight-year conflict, the Islamic Republic's hailing of Khalid Islambouli, the late President Anwar Sadat's assassin as a religious hero, seeing as there was both a street and mural named after him ( however, the honorer was changed to Muhammad al-Durrah, the 12-year-old Palestinian boy shot and killed during the outset of the Second Intifada ), and close Egyptian relations with the United States, and most of the Western European countries.

" The order of the dedications has changed with the relative power of the United States and Britain, and with relative sales ; the 1954 version of the 14th edition is " Dedicated by Permission to the Heads of the Two English-Speaking Peoples, Dwight David Eisenhower, President of the United States of America, and Her Majesty, Queen Elizabeth the Second.

* Second Lady of the United States — the spouse of the Vice President of the United States

* 1792 – Floride Calhoun, Second Lady of the United States ( d. 1866 )

However, lacking requested reinforcements from McClellan, now commanding the Army of the Potomac, Pope was soundly defeated at the Second Battle of Bull Run in the summer of 1862, forcing the Army of the Potomac to defend Washington for a second time.

* 2000 – Second Battle of Elephant Pass: Tamil Tigers capture a strategic Sri Lankan Army base and hold it for 8 years.

From 1946 through 1985, the army was divided into four numbered armies: the First Army was centered in Rio de Janeiro, the Second Army in São Paulo, the Third Army in Porto Alegre, and the Fourth Army in Recife.

The major addition was the Western Military Command ( Comando Militar do Oeste-CMO ), whose territory encompasses the states of Mato Grosso and Mato Grosso do Sul ( previously under the Second Army territory ), and Rondônia ( previously under the CMA ).

Only several years after its liberation ( 1878 ), Bulgaria became a regional military power and was involved in several major wars – Serbo-Bulgarian War ( 1885 ), First Balkan War ( 1912 – 13 ), Second Balkan War ( 1913 ), First World War ( 1915 – 1918 ) and Second World War ( 1941 – 1944 ), during which the Army gained significant combat experience.

The Second Army, under general Nikola Ivanov, with 2 infantry divisions and 1 infantry brigade, was deployed west of the First and was assigned to capture the strong fortress of Adrianopel ( now Edirne ).

He saw action in the First World War, where he was seriously wounded, and during the Second World War he commanded the Eighth Army from August 1942 in the Western Desert until the final Allied victory in Tunisia.

He became a general staff officer with IX Corps, part of General Sir Herbert Plumer's Second Army, in July 1917.

After the end of the Second World War, the British Army was significantly reduced in size, although National Service continued until 1960.

On 25 June 2007, the Second Battalion Princess of Wales's Royal Regiment vacated the Army complex at Bessbrook Mill in Armagh.

This argument is based on the view that the surviving anti-Treaty members of the Second Dáil delegated their " authority " to the IRA Army Council in 1938.

The word khaki is sometimes pronounced, the preferred pronunciation of the Canadian Army during the Second World War.

However some cavalry still served during the Second World War, notably in the Red Army, Italian Royal Army and the Polish Army.

The French Army maintained substantial cavalry forces in Algeria and Morocco from 1830 until the Second World War.

* 1937 – Second Sino-Japanese War: Battle of Nanjing – Nanjing, defended by the National Revolutionary Army under the command of General Tang Shengzhi, falls to the Japanese.

Second, we will see how Sidney answered the charges, for while Sidney's essay was not specifically a reply to Gosson, his arguments do support the new theater.

The long delay in opening the Second Front was now working to Russia's advantage.

Their collaboration in the Beethoven Second Symphony was lucid, intelligent and natural sounding.

In July 1862, the Second Confiscation Act was passed, which set up court procedures that could free the slaves of anyone convicted of aiding the rebellion.

Beyond improving their existing association, the records of the Second Continental Congress show that the need for a declaration of independence was intimately linked with the demands of international relations.

The final draft of the Articles was prepared in the summer of 1777 and the Second Continental Congress approved them for ratification by the individual states on November 15, 1777, after a year of debate.

This work resumed however with the development of the so-called " Second Quest ", among whose notable exponents was Rudolf Bultmann's student Ernst Käsemann.

Australia recovered the Ashes in 1934 and held them until 1953, although no international cricket was possible during the Second World War.

Bradman's men were greeted by packed crowds across the country, and records for Test attendances in England were set in the Second and Fourth Tests at Lord's and Headingley respectively ; the crowd at Headingley remains a record, and it was there that Australia set a world record by chasing down 404 on the last day for a seven-wicket victory.

The First Test at Lord's was convincingly won by Australia, but in the remaining four matches the teams were evenly matched and England fought back to win the Second Test by 2 runs, the smallest victory by a runs margin in Ashes history, and the second-closest such victory in all Tests.

In 381, at the Second Ecumenical Council in Constantinople, a group of mainly Eastern bishops assembled and accepted the Nicene Creed of 381, which was supplemented in regard to the Holy Spirit, as well as some other changes: see Comparison between Creed of 325 and Creed of 381.

His paternal great-grandfather was a military tribune in Sicily during the Second Punic War.

Their robust Calvinism was publicized in such confessions as the London Baptist Confession of 1644 and the Second London Confession of 1689.

He took part in the subsequent campaign, but when the Peace of Passau was signed in August 1552 he separated himself from his allies and began a crusade of plunder in Franconia, which led to the Second Margrave War.

Albert was chosen as his successor early in 1511 in the hope that his relationship to his maternal uncle, Sigismund I the Old, Grand Duke of Lithuania and King of Poland, would facilitate a settlement of the disputes over eastern Prussia, which had been held by the Order under Polish suzerainty since the Second Peace of Thorn ( 1466 ).

Initially led by Canovas del Castillo as moderate prime minister, what was thought at one time as a coup aimed at placing the military in the political-administrative positions of power, in reality ushered in a permanent civilian regime tat lasted until the 1931 Second Republic.

When the Second Spanish Republic was proclaimed on 14 April 1931, he fled and left Spain, but did not abdicate the throne.

In 148 BC, in what the Romans called the Fourth Macedonian War, he was defeated by the Roman praetor Q. Caecilius Metellus ( 148 ) at the Second Battle of Pydna, and fled to Thrace, whose prince gave him up to Rome, thus marking the final end to Andriskos ' reign of Macedonia.

A second time he was excommunicated ; but in 1146 he took the cross at the meeting of Vezelay called by Louis VII, and in August, 1147 embarked for the East in the Second Crusade.

This was during the Second World War, and he involved his students in designing low-cost, small-scale housing for the reconstruction of war-torn Finland.

The Delian League, founded about 477 BC, was an association of Greek city-states, members numbering between 150 to 173, under the leadership of Athens, whose purpose was to continue fighting the Persian Empire after the Greek victory in the Battle of Plataea at the end of the Second Persian invasion of Greece.