Accordingly, the radical and influential Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy greatly enlarged the Ciconiiformes, adding many more families, including most of those usually regarded as belonging to the Sphenisciformes ( penguins ), Gaviiformes ( divers ), Podicipediformes ( grebes ), Procellariiformes ( tubenosed seabirds ), Charadriiformes, ( waders, gulls, terns and auks ), Pelecaniformes ( pelicans, cormorants, gannets and allies ), and the Falconiformes ( diurnal birds of prey ).

Some official bodies have adopted the proposed Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy almost entirely, however a more common approach worldwide has been to retain the traditional groupings, and modify rather than replace them in the light of new evidence as it comes to hand.

Perhaps the " high-water mark " of phenetics were the DNA-DNA hybridization studies by Charles G. Sibley, Jon E. Ahlquist and Burt L. Monroe Jr., from which resulted the 1990 Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy for birds.

The use of techniques such as DNA-DNA hybridization to study evolutionary relationships was pioneered by Charles Sibley and Jon Edward Ahlquist resulting in what is called the Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy.

For more detail and an alternative classification scheme, see Caprimulgiformes and Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy.

The Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy raises the Musophagidae to an order Musophagiformes which may or may not be warranted.

The Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy, which has been widely accepted in America, lumps all the Charadriiformes together with other seabirds and birds of prey into a greatly enlarged order Ciconiiformes.

In the Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy, the tubenoses are included in a greatly enlarged order " Ciconiiformes ".

The Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy unites the Caprimulgiformes with the owl order ; here, the typical owls are a subfamily Strigidae.

The Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy unites the Caprimulgiformes with the owl order ; here, the barn-owls are a subfamily Tytoninae.

The Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy still allied the loons with the grebes in its massively paraphyletic " Ciconiiformes ", and it is almost certain that the relationships of loons lie with some of the orders placed therein.

In the Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy, however, hornbills are separated from the Coraciiformes and make an order of their own, Bucerotiformes, with the subfamilies elevated to family level.

Accordingly, the radical and influential Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy greatly enlarged the Ciconiiformes, adding many more families, including most of those usually regarded as belonging to the Sphenisciformes ( penguins ), Gaviiformes ( divers ), Podicipediformes ( grebes ), Procellariiformes ( tube-nosed seabirds ), Charadriiformes, ( waders, gulls, terns and auks ), Pelecaniformes ( pelicans, cormorants, gannets and allies ), and the Falconiformes ( diurnal birds of prey ).

Some official bodies have adopted the proposed Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy almost entirely ; however, a more common approach worldwide has been to retain the traditional groupings, and modify rather than replace them in the light of new evidence as it comes to hand.

Under the Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy this suborder is divided into two " parvorders ", Corvida and Passerida ( standard taxonomic practice would rank these as infraorders ).

This was first proposed in the Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy and has been the one major change of that proposed scheme that was almost universally adopted.

On the other hand, the Galliformes as they were traditionally delimited are called Gallomorphae in the Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy, which splits the Cracidae and Megapodidae as an order " Craciformes ".

This is not a natural group however, but rather an erroneous result of the now-obsolete phenetic methodology employed in the Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy.

The Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy has placed it together with the other diurnal raptors in a greatly enlarged Ciconiiformes, but this results in an unnatural paraphyletic classification.

For an alternative taxonomy of these groups, see also Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy.

See Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy for an alternative classification.

However, many other classifications follow the Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy in placing the larks in a large oscine subgroup Passerida ( which excludes crows, shrikes and their allies, vireos, and many groups characteristic of Australia and southeastern Asia ).

In the Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy, the Hoopoe is separated from the Coraciiformes as a separate order, the Upupiformes.

Sibley and Ahlquist's landmark DNA-DNA hybridisation studies ( see Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy ) led to them placing the families traditionally contained within the Pelecaniformes together with the grebes, cormorants, ibises and spoonbills, New World vultures, storks, penguins, albatrosses, petrels, and loons together as a sub-group within a greatly expanded order Ciconiiformes, a radical move which by now has been all but rejected: their " Ciconiiformes " merely assembled all early advanced land-and seabirds for which their research technique delivered insufficient phylogenetic resolution.

# REDIRECT Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy of birds

Traditional taxonomies place the hummingbird family ( Trochilidae ) in the same order as the swifts and treeswifts ( and no other birds ); the Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy treated this group as a superorder in which the swift order was called Trochiliformes.

This leads to the Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy of birds.

* Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy, a phenetic DNA-based taxonomy of birds

The Trochiliformes is, according to the Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy, an order of birds containing the hummingbirds.

In January 1991 ( often listed as 1990 ), Charles Sibley and Ahlquist published Phylogeny and Classification of Birds, which presented a new phylogeny for birds based on DNA-DNA hybridisation techniques, known as the Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy.

The Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy elevated them to ordinal status as the Turniciformes and basal to other Neoaves either because their accelerated rate of molecular evolution exceeded the limits of sensitivity of DNA-DNA hybridization or because the authors did not perform the appropriate pairwise comparisons or both.

Charles Sibley and Jon Ahlquist, pioneers of the technique, used DNA-DNA hybridization to examine the phylogenetic relationships of avians ( the Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy ) and primates.

The Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy is a bird taxonomy proposed by Charles Sibley and Jon Edward Ahlquist.

In the Sibley-Ahlquist classification, the nine-primaried oscines are treated as a single family ( Fringillidae sensu Sibley & Ahlquist ).

His landmark publications, Phylogeny and Classification of Birds ( written with Ahlquist ) and Distribution and Taxonomy of Birds of the World ( with Burt Monroe ) are among the most-cited of all ornithological works, the former setting out the influential Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy.

Under the Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy they have been placed in the infraorder Passerida.

The Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy also placed the Petroicidae ( Australasian " robins ") in the Meliphagoidea.

However, the species was listed as incertae sedis ( position uncertain ) in the Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy, because

The alternative Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy, which has been widely accepted in America, raises the family to ordinal level as the Ralliformes.

In the Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy, the Paridae family is much enlarged to include related groups such as the Penduline tits and Long-tailed tits, but while the former are quite close to the titmice indeed and could conceivably be included in that family together with the stenostirid " warblers ", the long-tailed tits are not.

The Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy controversially redefines the families Acanthizidae ( spinebills ) and Dasyornithidae ( bristlebirds ) as subfamilies within the larger family Pardalotidae ( pardalotes ).