* 1997 – In north west Rwanda, Hutu militia members kill 3 Spanish aid workers, 3 soldiers and seriously wound one other.

As successful English settlement of North America began to take place in 1607 in the face of the hostile intentions of the powerful Spanish, and of the native populations, it became immediately necessary to raise militia amongst the settlers.

* January 18 – In northwest Rwanda, Hutu militia members kill 6 Spanish aid workers, 3 soldiers, and seriously wound another.

* June 26 – War of Jenkins ' Ear – Siege of Fort Mose: A Spanish column of 300 regular troops, free black militia and Indian auxiliaries storms Britain's strategically crucial position of Fort Mose, Florida.

In northwest Rwanda, Hutu militia members killed three Spanish aid workers, three soldiers and seriously wounded one other on January 18, 1997.

" Galvez leaves New Orleans with an army of Spanish regulars and the Louisiana militia made up of 600 Cajun volunteers and captures the British strongholds of Fort Bute at Bayou Manchac, across from the Acadian settlement at St. Gabriel.

In 1704 – 06, Carolina Governor Col. James Moore led colonial militia and Ochese Creek and Yamasee warriors in raids that destroyed the Spanish missions of the Florida interior ; they captured some 10, 000 unarmed ' mission Indians ,' the Timucua and Apalachee, and sold them into slavery.

After a series of early defeats of the French by the remnants of the Spanish regular armies ( stiffened by militia and guerrillas ), Joseph temporarily retreated with much of the French Army to northern Spain.

The Cross of Burgundy was one of the main symbols of the Spanish Empire overseas, so it flew over the warships and was carried by the militia in the colonial territory during the Spanish colonization of the Americas.

The Spanish offered the slaves freedom and land in Florida ; they recruited former slaves as militia to help defend Pensacola and Fort Mose.

In 1772 when the territory was under Spanish rule, the militia constructed La Iglesia de la Ascensión de Nuestro Señor Jesucristo de Lafourche de los Chetimaches ( the Ascension of Our Lord Catholic Church of Lafourche of the Chitimaches ) to serve the area.

While at one point Spanish administrators wanted to attack the Big Osage, there were not sufficient French Canadian settlers to recruit for a militia to do so.

The Spanish assault, carried out by 14, 000 regular infantry and 6, 000 provincial militia, failed to break the French defenders, who received some help from Pérignon's division in the center.

The Carlist militia, the Requetés, had been receiving military training during the Second Spanish Republic but had significant ideological differences with many of the conspiring generals.

His family consisted of landlords, rich farmers and traders with broad business connections in the south, members of the Spanish militia and gun and cannon makers.

Vicente ’ s father, Pedro, supported Spanish rule, whereas his uncle, Diego, had an important position in the Spanish militia ; however, Vicente was opposed to the Spanish colonial government.

During the War of the Quadruple Alliance, Nassau was attacked by a Spanish force, but was successfully defended by local militia.

The three lines were furnished with 247 pieces of artillery and provided with around 30, 000 men, mainly Portuguese militia and home guard ordenanças, plus 8, 000 Spanish troops and 2, 500 British marines and artillerymen.

The contract contained standard language requiring Edwards to recognize all pre-existing Spanish and Mexican land titles in his grant area, to raise a militia to protect the settlers in the area, and to allow the state land commissioner to certify all deeds awarded.

The root of caudillismo lies in Spanish colonial policy of supplementing small cadres of professional, full-time soldiers with large militia forces recruited from local populations to maintain public order.

Most of the militia involved were longtime enemies of the Navajo, Spanish descendants from northern New Mexico where Spain had established several settlements in the 16th century.

After picking up supplies and militia volunteers in Santa Marta on July 23, the Spanish expeditionary forces besieged Cartagena.

The Dutch, however, who clung to their troops for their country's protection, were against any adventurous military operation as far south as the Danube and would never willingly permit any major weakening of the forces in the Spanish Netherlands.

Most of the biosecurity concerns in synthetic biology, however, focused on the role of DNA synthesis and the risk of producing genetic material of lethal viruses ( e. g. 1918 Spanish flu, polio ) in the lab.

The French, however, realised Bayonne's strategic site near the Spanish border and in 1578 dug a canal to again redirect the river through the city.

In the context of emerging western imperialism and economic competition between European kingdoms seeking wealth through the establishment of trade routes and colonies, Columbus's speculative proposal, to reach the East Indies by sailing westward, eventually received the support of the Spanish crown, which saw in it a promise, however remote, of gaining the upper hand over rival powers in the contest for the lucrative spice trade with Asia.

The trip ended as an embarrassing failure however as the Spanish demanded that Charles must convert to Roman Catholicism and remain in Spain for a year after the wedding as hostage to ensure England's compliance with all the terms of the treaty.

Exceptions are unassimilated foreign loanwords, including borrowings from French and, increasingly, Spanish ; however, the diacritic is also sometimes omitted from such words.

The couple overcame these objections, however, by touring together, during the summer of 1950, in a live vaudeville act they developed with the help of Spanish clown Pepito Pérez, together with Ball's radio show writers.

The Inca forces greatly out numbered the Spanish, however the Spanish superiority of weapons, tactics and the fact that the most trusted in Inca Generals were in Cusco led to an easy defeat and the capture of the Incan Emperor.

The Guatemalan region of Mesoamerica was dominated by the Maya civilization ( 2, 000 BC – AD 250 ), before the Spanish arrived in the 16th century ; although most of the great, Classic-era ( AD 250 – 900 ) Maya cities of the Petén Basin region, in the northern lowlands of Guatemala, had been abandoned by the year AD 1, 000 ; however, the states in the Guatemalan central highlands, flourished until the arrival of Pedro de Alvarado, the Spanish Conquistador who began subjugating the Indian states of Guatemala in 1525.

Subsequent scholars examining the Italian and Spanish texts have been unable, however, to confirm Toland's observation.

The known Spanish manuscript was lost in the 18th or 19th centuries ; however, an 18th-century copy of it was discovered in the 1970s in the University of Sydney's Fisher Library among the books of Charles Nicholson, labelled in English " Transcribed from ms. in possession of the Revd Mr Edm.

Joosten, however, while accepting that the carelessness of the English scribe is the most likely explanation for most such instances, nevertheless argues that a minority of such readings are due to translation errors in the Spanish text: as, for example, where the Italian text employs the conjunction pero, with an Italian meaning ' therefore '; while the Spanish text also reads pero, with a Spanish meaning ' however '; the Italian sense being the one demanded by the context.

There are, however, other passages where the Spanish text makes sense, while the Italian does not, and many features of the Italian text that are not found in the Spanish ; such as the titles for chapters 1-27.

The Peninsular War ( nicknamed the Spanish Ulcer ), however, was regarded by Karl Marx, as one of the first national wars, is also significant for the emergence of large-scale guerrilla warfare.

This occupation, however, pitted the Spanish white elite against the iron fisted Haitian administration, and stimulated the emigration of many white wealthy families.

Ivens was, however, known for his anti-fascist and other propaganda films, including The Spanish Earth, for the Spanish loyalists, co-written with Ernest Hemingway and music by Marc Blitzstein and Virgil Thomson.

* 1607 25 April – During the Eighty Years ' War between the United Provinces and the King of Spain, a Dutch fleet surprised and engaged a Spanish fleet anchored at the Bay of Gibraltar ( Battle of Gibraltar ).

Portuguese and Spanish invaders were unpleasantly surprised and occasionally even outgunned on occasion.

The director of the film ( played by Rowan Atkinson ) claims that the reaction to the film has surprised him, as he " didn't expect the Spanish Inquisition.

* In the Not The Nine O ' Clock News sketch on the new film The Life of Christ ( itself a reference to Python's 1979 Life of Brian ), the Bishop ( Rowan Atkinson ) who is being harangued for this parody of Pythonism professes himself surprised at the furor, saying: " Well, I didn't expect the Spanish Inquisition.

* January 3 – Battle of Caspe ( Third Carlist War ): Campaigning on the Ebro in Aragon for the Spanish Republican Government, Colonel Eulogio Despujol surprised a Carlist force under Manuel Marco de Bello at Caspe, northeast of Alcañiz.

* August 19 – Eighty Years ' War: The Spanish garrison of Wesel is surprised by a small Dutch army, and the city is taken by the Dutch Republic.

The released were surprised to hear the admiral personally giving them directions in fluent Spanish ; Hein after all was well acquainted with the region as he had been confined to it during his internment after 1603.

* Battle of Gibraltar ( 1607 )-Battle of the Eighty Years ' War when a Dutch fleet surprised and engaged a Spanish one.

The Spanish troops thus recaptured the rebel positions and surprised Bonifacio in San Mateo, who ordered a general retreat to Balara.

He reveals to a surprised Toranaga that the Christian faith is divided and that other European countries intend to sail the Asian waters now that the Spanish Armada has been defeated.

Speak Spanish and have had to rescue his own knowledge of German and improve because of the demands by the arrival of many German tourists are always surprised to find a typical German town full tropics.

Endeavouring to restore the situation in the Spanish Netherlands William III surprised Luxembourg's army near the village of Steenkirk on 3 August.

However, Turenne bypassed Mons and took Ath on 16 June, which the Spanish troops left without putting up resistance, surprised by the unexpected French advance.

When Dutch troops surprised the Spanish fortress of Wesel, which acted as the principal Spanish supply base, this forced the invaders to retreat to the IJssel.

The naval Battle of Gibraltar took place on 25 April 1607 during the Eighty Years ' War when a Dutch fleet surprised and engaged a Spanish fleet anchored at the Bay of Gibraltar.

The 1702 treasure fleet was destroyed in the Battle of Vigo Bay during the War of the Spanish Succession, when surprised at port, but the Spanish sailors had already unloaded most of its cargo.

As they sailed towards Brill, they were surprised to find out that the Spanish garrison had left in order to deal with trouble in Utrecht.

Céspedes was later surprised and killed by a swift-moving patrol of Spanish troops on February 27, 1874.

The beginning of the Spanish Civil War surprised Alcalá-Zamora, who was on a trip to Scandinavia at the time.

In 1601, a Spanish fleet led by Alonso de Contreras that was raiding in the area surprised the Ottoman garrison and sacked the city.

His death occurred during the climax of the battle when the French were surprised by 1500 Spanish arquebusiers.