Pre-ecumenical councils ( also known as synods ) include the Council of Jerusalem ( c. 50 ), the Council of Rome ( 155 AD ), the Second Council of Rome ( 193 AD ), the Council of Ephesus ( 193 AD ), the Council of Carthage ( 251 AD ), the Council of Iconium ( 258 AD ), the Council of Antioch ( 264 AD ), the Councils of Arabia ( 246 – 247 AD ), the Council of Elvira ( 306 AD ), the Council of Carthage ( 311 AD ), the Synod of Neo-Caesarea ( c. 314 AD ), the Council of Ancyra ( 314 AD ) and the Council of Arles ( 314 AD ).

He was present at the Synod of Antioch in April 379, where he unsuccessfully attempted to reconcile the followers of Meletius of Antioch with those of Paulinus.

also the Synod of Antioch of 341, can.

So he convened a Synod at Mavelikkara in 1836, in which the Synod declared that, “ We, the Jacobite Syrians are under the rule of the Patriarch of Antioch .” But it is historically untenable to assert that the Malankara Church had always been under the Patriarch of Antioch.

The Acacians seized the occasion to make common cause with his ideas, but the alliance was only political ; they threw him over once more at the Synod of Antioch held under Jovian in 363.

* The Holy Synod in Antioch

In 1724, Cyril VI ( Seraphim Tanas ) was elected in Damascus by the Synod as Patriarch of Antioch.

In consequence, the Synod of Ancyra published a long reply addressed to George and the other bishops of Phoenicia, in which they recite the Creed of Antioch ( 341 ), adding explanations against the " unlikeness " of the Son to the Father taught by the Arians and Anomoeans, ( from anomoios ), and showing that the very name of father implies a son of like substance ( homoiousios, or homoios kat ousian ) Anathematisms are appended in which Anomoeanism is explicitly condemned and the teaching of " likeness of substance " enforced.

Those monasteries which enjoy the status of being stauropegiac will be subject only to a primate or his Synod of Bishops and not the local bishop.

Apollos is regarded as a saint by several Christian churches, including the Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod, which hold a commemoration for him, Aquila and Priscilla on February 13.

His views were condemned in a Synod at Alexandria, under Athanasius of Alexandria, in 362, and later subdivided into several different heresies, the main ones of which were the Polemians and the Antidicomarianites.

Catholic Christians, following the Canon of Trent, describe these books as deuterocanonical, meaning of " the second canon ," while Greek Orthodox Christians, following the Synod of Jerusalem ( 1672 ), use the traditional name of anagignoskomena, meaning " that which is to be read.

In the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America ( ELCA ) and the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Canada ( ELCIC ), the largest Lutheran Church bodies in the United States and Canada respectively and roughly based on the Nordic Lutheran state churches ( similar to that of the Church of England ), bishops are elected by Synod Assemblies, consisting of both lay members and clergy, for a term of 6 years, which can be renewed, depending upon the local synod's " constitution " ( which is mirrored on either the ELCA or ELCIC's national constitution ).

The General Synod and the College of Bishops of Chung Hwa Sheng Kung Hui planned to publish a unified version for the use of all Anglican churches in China in 1949, which was the 400th anniversary of the first publishing of the Book of Common Prayer.

The Anglican Church of Canada developed its first Book of Common Prayer separately from the English version in 1918, which received final authorization from General Synod in 1922.

“ The earliest decree in which the children clerics were declared to be slaves and never to be enfranchised seems to have been a canon of the Synod of Pavia in 1018.

The position that " Christian theological anti-Judaism is a phenomenon distinct from modern antisemitism, which is rooted in economic and racial thought, so that Christian teachings should not be held responsible for antisemitism " has been articulated, among other places, by Pope John Paul II in ' We Re member: A Reflection on the Shoah ,' and the Jewish declaration on Christianity, Dabru Emet .. Several scholars, including Susannah Heschel, Gavin I Langmuir and Uriel Tal the General Synod has affirmed that " the good news of salvation in Jesus Christ is for all and must be shared with all including people from other faiths or of no faith and that to do anything else would be to institutionalize discrimination ".

However, Trent confirmed the statements of earlier and less authoritative regional councils which included also the deuterocanonical books, such as the Synod of Hippo ( 393 ), and the Councils of Carthage of 397.

At the national level is the General Synod which directs areas of common interest, such as theological education, ministry training and ecumenical co-operation.

The Church considers the first seven Ecumenical Councils ( held between the 4th and the 8th century ) to be the most important ; however, there have been more, specifically the Synods of Constantinople, 879 – 880, 1341, 1347, 1351, 1583, 1819, and 1872, the Synod of Iaşi ( Jassy ), 1642, and the Pan-Orthodox Synod of Jerusalem, 1672, all of which helped to define the Orthodox position.

He had been present in the Lateran Synod of 1112 which had proclaimed the Privilegium of 1111.

His views were condemned in a Synod at Alexandria, under Athanasius of Alexandria, in 362, and later subdivided into several different heresies, the main ones of which were the Polemians and the Antidicomarianites.

In the Church of England, the General Synod, which was established in 1970 ( replacing the Church Assembly ), is the legislative body of the Church.

In the North American Lutheran tradition, General Synod refers to a church body which existed from 1820-1918.

They held a synod in 403 ( the Synod of the Oak ) to charge John, in which his connection to Origen was used against him.

During the consultations on 21 May an earthquake occurred ; the participants were terrified and wished to break up the assembly, but Courtenay declared the earthquake a favorable sign which meant the purification of the earth from erroneous doctrine, and the result of the " Earthquake Synod " was assured.

In 1932, the Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod ( LCMS ) adopted A Brief Statement of the Doctrinal Position of the Missouri Synod, which a small number of Lutheran church bodies now hold.

In 1155, three years after the Synod of Kells, Adrian IV published the Papal Bull ' Laudabiliter ', which was addressed to the Angevin King Henry II of England.

In 1127, Honorius confirmed the acts of the Synod of Nantes, presided over by Archbishop Hildebert of Lavardin, which eradicated certain local abuses in Brittany.

Next, John convened the Synod of Westminster in September 1125, which was attended by both the archbishops of Canterbury and York, together with twenty bishops and forty abbots.

Later in 313, Miltiades presided over the Lateran Synod in Rome, which acquitted Caecilian of Carthage and condemned Donatus as a schismatic ( see Donatism ).

Confirming his continued support of the anti-Formosus faction, Sergius honoured the murdered Pope Stephen VI ( 896 – 897 ), who had been responsible for the " Cadaver Synod " that had condemned and mutilated the corpse of Pope Formosus, writing a laudatory epitaph on Stephen VI's tombstone.

His legates who attended the Synod of Trosle in June 909 attacked the Byzantine position, which the synod then condemned in the fourteenth canon:

* The doctrine of apocatastasis is condemned by the Synod of Constantinople.

* John Wyclif's teachings are condemned by the Synod of London.

At the Synod of Metz, June 863, the papal legates, bribed by the king, assented to the Aachen decision, and condemned the absent Teutberga.

The two archbishops, Günther of Cologne and Thietgaud of Trier, who had come to Rome as delegates, were summoned before the Lateran Synod of October 863, when the pope condemned and deposed them as well as John of Ravenna and Hagano of Bergamo.

The Synod condemned the religious doctrine of Arminianism as heresy.

Having meanwhile become archbishop of Canterbury Courtenay summoned a synod, in London, the so-called " Earthquake Synod ", which condemned the opinions of Wycliffe ; he then attacked the Lollards at Oxford, and urged the bishops to imprison heretics.

Usury is condemned in 19th century Missouri Synod doctrinal statements.

It appeared the same year in two Latin editions, four French, one German and one English, and in the Eastern Church started a controversy which culminated in 1672 with the convocation by Dositheos, Patriarch of Jerusalem, of the Synod of Jerusalem by which the Calvinistic doctrines were condemned.

A local Synod of Constantinople ( 543 ) condemned a form of apocatastasis as being Anathema, and the Anathema was formally submitted to the Fifth Ecumenical Council of Constantinople ( 553 ).

In 1673, it was publicly condemned by the Synod of Dordrecht ( 1673 ) and banned officially the following year.

While bishops of Gregory VII's party held a Synod in Quedlinburg, at which they denounced and condemned Guibert, partisans of Henry held a rival Synod at Mainz in 1085, where they approved the deposition of Gregory and the elevation of Guibert.

Historically, the Arminian Remonstrants raised this doctrine as a point of debate over predestination in the Quinquarticular Controversy, and their position was ultimately condemned by Calvinists at the Synod of Dort in 1619.

* Synod of Constantinople ( 543 ), a local council which condemned Origen.

* Synod of Constantinople ( 1484 ), condemned the Council of Florence, in 1484

In 365 the Semi-Arian Synod of Lampsacus condemned Acacius.

In 340 the Synod of Gangra in Armenia, condemned certain Manicheans for a list of twenty practices including forbidding marriage, not eating meat, urging that slaves should liberate themselves, abandoning their families, asceticism and reviling married priests.

A century later, the Anonymous of Mainz wrote that Aldebert had been condemned and desposed at a Synod at Mainz ( which may have been the council that Pope Zachary had called for ), and that afterwards he was imprisoned for blasphemy in the monastery of Fulda ,.

But the credit enjoyed by Acacius with the emperor Constantius II was able to undo Cyril of Jerusalem's restoration, and, in 360, Cyril was condemned once more, this time by the Synod of Constantinople.