When the new Tsar started to undo some of the reforms that his father, Alexander II had promulgated, Count Loris-Melikov resigned several months later and lived in retirement until his death at Nice on 22 December 1888.

In June 1907, The Tsar dissolved the Second Duma and promulgated a new electoral law, which vastly reduced the electoral weight of lower-class and non-Russian voters and increased the weight of the nobility.

Elizabeth sent a new ambassador, Dr. Giles Fletcher, to demand from the regent Boris Godunov that he convince the Tsar to reconsider.

However Mussolini later became unimpressed by Lenin, regarding Lenin as merely a new version of Tsar Nicholas.

In 1917, Mussolini as leader of the Fasci of Revolutionary Action praised the October Revolution, however Mussolini later became unimpressed with Lenin, regarding him as merely a new version of Tsar Nicholas.

The Tsar regained his authority after the crisis of 1905, reclaimed his role as the Grand Duke of Finland and, during the second period of Russification between 1908 and 1917, neutralized the functions and powers of the new parliament.

The Tsar dissolved the parliament and ordered new parliamentary elections almost annually between 1908 – 1916.

* 1894 – Nicholas II becomes the new Tsar of Russia after his father, Alexander III, dies.

After a long struggle, the party of Boris Godunov prevailed over the Romanovs, and the former was elected new Tsar in 1599.

He outstayed his welcome, refusing to leave until the Ottoman Empire joined him in a new war against Tsar Peter I of Russia.

This constant retreat led to the unpopularity of Field Marshal Michael Andreas Barclay de Tolly and a veteran, Prince Mikhail Kutuzov, was made the new Commander-in-Chief by Tsar Alexander I.

The Tsar Alexander I confirmed the new Finnish constitution ( which was essentially the Swedish constitution from 1772 ), and made Finland an autonomous Grand Duchy.

Its charter was laid out in a 1799 ukase, by the new Tsar Paul I, which granted the company monopolistic control over trade in the Aleutian Islands and the North America mainland, south to 55 ° north latitude.

The Tsar would soon have a new command for him, however.

Before proceeding to Bulgaria, Prince Alexander paid visits to the Tsar at Livadia, to the courts of the great powers and to the sultan ; a Russian warship then conveyed him to Varna, and after taking the oath to the new constitution at Turnovo ( 8 July 1879 ) he went to Sofia.

" The new title symbolized an assumption of powers equivalent and parallel to those held by former Byzantine Emperor and the Tatar Khan, both known in Russian sources as Tsar.

Furthermore, the Tsar had the power to dismiss the Duma and announce new elections whenever he wished.

The new Russian Tsar, Peter I, would drastically modernize Russia in the coming years, but the army with which he traveled in 1700 was still poorly drilled.

After Rubinstein had reassumed the directorship of the Saint Petersburg Conservatory, Tsar Alexander III donated the dilapidated old Bolshoi Theater as the Conservatory's new home — without the funds needed to restore and restructure the facility.

The two revolutions constituted a change in the composition of the country: the first overthrew the Tsar, and the second instituted the Soviet regime: a new form of government.

The Duma ( lower house of parliament ), composed of liberal deputies, warned Tsar Nicholas II of the impending danger and counselled him to form a new constitutional government, like that he had dissolved after some short-term attempts in the aftermath of the 1905 Revolution.

After the assassination, the new Tsar Alexander III moved his family, including Michael, to the greater safety of Gatchina Palace, which was 29 miles southwest of Saint Petersburg and surrounded by a moat.

The Russo-Turkish War of 1828-1829 did not give him time to organize a new army, and the Sultan was forced to fight with these young and undisciplined recruits against the veterans of the Tsar.

Tsar Dušan enacted the known Dušan's Code, an extensive constitution, and opened new trade routes and strengthened the state's economy.

After his anointing, the new Tsar would be escorted through the Holy Doors to a small table set near the Holy Table, and there he would be given Holy Communion by the Metropolitan of Moscow in the same manner as priests.

Eventually Nicholas, the new Tsar, appeared in person, at the square, and sent Count Mikhail Miloradovich, a military hero who was greatly respected by ordinary soldiers, to parley with the rebels.

Many names are attributed to the Tsar Bomba in the literature: Project 7000 ; product code 202 ( Izdeliye 202 ); article designations RDS-220 ( РДС-220 ), RDS-202 ( РДС-202 ), RN202 ( PH202 ), AN602 ( AH602 ); codename Vanya ; nicknames Big Ivan, Tsar Bomba, Kuzkina Mat '.

Its decisions as to interpretation of the legal code, unless countermanded by the Tsar, were seen as absolutely authoritative.

The diet was next assembled by Tsar Alexander II in 1863, due to the need to modernize the laws.

Tsar Dušan created a set of laws known as Dušan's Code, in 1349 and 1354.

In this manifesto the Tsar decreed that the laws of the Empire take higher order of precedence than the laws of Finland.

It had no authority to propose changes to existing laws, nor to investigate anything not initiated by the Tsar.

Article 86 required the approval of the emperor, Duma and State Council for all laws, while Article 87 permitted the Tsar and his cabinet to issue decrees during times when the Duma was not in session.

Though by the laws of the Russian Empire, he was the prime claimant after the execution of Tsar and his family by the Bolsheviks, his claim to the throne was met with opposition because at his birth his mother was a Lutheran and not yet a member of the Russian Orthodox Church.

Other treaty provisions included mutual guarantees of an open border between the two realms for travelers, emigrants and merchants ( articles 10, 11 ), while Russia undertook " to leave the power for internal administration, law and order, and the collection of taxes the complete will and use of His Serene Highness the Tsar, forbidding Majesty ’ s Military and Civil Authorities to intervene in any laws or commands ".

Nonetheless, no bilateral amendment had been ratified altering article VI sections 2 and 3 of the 1784 treaty, which obligated the Russian emperor " to preserve His Serene Highness Tsar Irakli Teimurazovich and the Heirs and descendants to his House, uninterrupted on the Throne of the Kingdoms of Kartli and Kakheti ... forbidding Majesty ’ s Military and Civil Authorities to intervene in any laws or commands.

The new executive, backed by popular shows of support on the Filaret field which reunited the Bucharester middle class with peasants from the surrounding area ( June 27, August 25 ), passed a series of radical reformist laws that drew the animosity of Tsar Nicholas I, who pressured the Porte to crush the Wallachian movement ; the proposed land reform also led a group of boyars, headed by Ioan Solomon, to attack and arrest the government on July 1-the effects of this gesture were cancelled on the same day by the inhabitants ' reaction and the Ana Ipătescu-led attack on the building occupied by conspirators.

* Alexius Mikhailovich ( 1629-1676 ), Tsar of Russia

– after 988 ), wife of the future Tsar Gavril Radomir of Bulgaria

Peter I was succeeded by his second wife ( Catherine I, 1725 – 1728 ) who was merely a figure-head for a powerful group of high officials, then by his minor grandson ( Peter II, 1728 – 1730 ), then by his niece, Anna, daughter of Tsar Ivan V. In 1741 Elizabeth, daughter of Peter, seized the throne, assisted by the Preobrazhensky Regiment.

With an estimated Volcanic Explosivity Index ( VEI ) of 6, the eruption was equivalent to — about 13, 000 times the nuclear yield of the Little Boy bomb ( 13 to 16 kt ) that devastated Hiroshima, Japan, during World War II, and four times the yield of Tsar Bomba ( 50 Mt ), the most powerful nuclear device ever detonated.

At the end of the 10th century, much of what is now Republic of Macedonia became the political and cultural center of the First Bulgarian Empire under Tsar Samuil ; while the Byzantine emperor Basil II came to rule the eastern part of the empire ( what is now Bulgaria ), including the then capital Preslav, in 972.

* 1828 – Maria Feodorovna ( Sophie Dorothea of Württemberg ), wife of Tsar Paul I of Russia ( b. 1759 )

* Paul I of Russia ( 1754 – 1801 ), Tsar of Russia

Estimates of the energy of the blast range from 5 to as high as 30 megatons of TNT ( 21 – 130 PJ ), with the most likely — roughly equal to the United States ' Castle Bravo thermonuclear bomb tested on March 1, 1954 ; about 1, 000 times more powerful than the atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima, Japan ; and about one-third the power of the Tsar Bomba, the largest nuclear weapon ever detonated.

During the Great Northern War ( 1700 – 21 ), the restoration of Augustus the Strong as King of Poland was prepared in the town by Russian Tsar Peter the Great.

The Provisional government that replaced the Tsar ( initially presided by prince Georgy Lvov, later by Alexander Kerensky ), however, decided to continue the war on the Entente side.

* 1205 — The Battle of Adrianople occurred on April 14, 1205 between Bulgarians under Tsar Kaloyan of Bulgaria, and Crusaders under Baldwin I, ( July 1172 – 1205 ), the first emperor of the Latin Empire of Constantinople.

Under Tsar Simeon I of Bulgaria ( Simeon the Great ), who was educated in Constantinople, Bulgaria became again a serious threat to the Byzantine Empire.

Some examples of these de facto rulers are Empress Dowager Cixi of China ( for son Tongzhi and nephew Guangxu Emperors ), Prince Alexander Menshikov ( for his former lover Empress Catherine I of Russia ), Grigori Rasputin through Tsarina Alexandra ( for Tsar Nicholas II of Russia ), Cardinal Richelieu of France ( for Louis XIII ), and Queen Marie Caroline of Naples and Sicily ( for her husband King Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies ).

Muscovy was then ruled by the Muscovite monarchy, starting with Ivan III ( 1462 – 1505 ), who expanded Muscovy, and ending with Ivan IV, who claimed the title " Tsar of Russia ".

* Nicholas I of Russia ( r. 1825 – 1855 ), Tsar of Russia and King of Poland

As the situation in the Far East deteriorated, the Tsar ( encouraged by his cousin Kaiser Wilhelm II ), agreed to the formation of the Second Pacific Squadron.

Boris III the Unifier, Tsar of Bulgaria ( 30 January 1894 – 28 August 1943 ), originally Boris Klemens Robert Maria Pius Ludwig Stanislaus Xaver ( Boris Clement Robert Mary Pius Louis Stanislaus Xavier ), son of Ferdinand I, came to the throne in 1918 upon the abdication of his father, following the defeat of the Kingdom of Bulgaria during World War I.

* Boris III ( 1894 – 1943 ), Tsar of Bulgaria

# Prince Maximilian Josèphe Eugène Auguste Napoléon de Beauharnais ( 1817 – 1852 ), married Grand Duchess Maria Nikolaievna of Russia, eldest daughter of Tsar Nicholas I of Russia, and received the title of " Prince Romanovsky ", addressed as " His Imperial Highness ", in 1852.