God speaks to Amos, a farmer and herder, and tells him to go to Samaria, the capital of the Northern kingdom.

In 960, the Song Dynasty gained power over most of China and established its capital in Kaifeng ( later known as Bianjing ), starting a period of economic prosperity, while the Khitan Liao Dynasty ruled over Manchuria, present-day Mongolia, and parts of Northern China.

* Darwin, Northern Territory, a capital city in Australia

is the capital city of the Northern Territory, Australia.

Situated on the Timor Sea, Darwin has a population of 127, 500, making it by far the largest and most populated city in the sparsely populated Northern Territory, but the least populous of all Australia's capital cities.

Northern and some western parts of Greater Poland remained in Germany, where they formed much of the province of Posen-West Prussia ( 1922 – 1938 ), whose capital was Schneidemühl ( Piła ).

London, the capital of the United Kingdom ( England, Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland ), has a recorded history dating back over 2, 000 years.

* 1127 – Invading Jurchen soldiers from the Jin Dynasty besiege and sack Bianjing ( Kaifeng ), the capital of the Song Dynasty of China, and abduct Emperor Qinzong and others, ending the Northern Song Dynasty.

* Vasai-Located in India, former capital ( 1533-1740 ) of the Northern Provinces of Portuguese India

* Kuelap-A massive ruined city still covered in jungle that was the capital of the Chachapoyas culture in Northern Peru.

After the fall of the Northern Song dynasty, and during the reign of the Jin ( Jurchen ) and Yuan ( Mongol ) dynasties in northern China, a common speech developed based on the dialects of the North China Plain around the capital, a language referred to as Old Mandarin.

* 2001 – War in Afghanistan: Afghan Northern Alliance fighters take over the capital Kabul.

Tallinn is the oldest capital city in Northern Europe.

After negotiations the administration of Northern Rhodesia was transferred to the British Colonial Office in 1924 as a protectorate, with Livingstone as capital.

* Emperor Xiao Wen Di moves the capital of Northern Wei from Datong to Luoyang.

( Rendering: the 3rd year of Yongding, 559, Gao Yang conducted an experiment by having Yuan Huangtou and a few prisoners launch themselves from a tower in Ye, capital of the Northern Qi.

Perpignan was the capital of the former province and county of Roussillon ( Rosselló in Catalan ), also known as Northern Catalonia, and continental capital of the Kingdom of Majorca in the 13th and 14th centuries.

In this year the Yongle Emperor confers the title " Beijing " (" Northern Capital ") for the Ming Dynasty's new capital city, replacing Nanjing.

Tampico's port brought many products from Europe, while Saltillo concentrated the Northern Territories ' trade with the capital, Mexico City.

Northern and some western parts of Greater Poland remained in Germany, where they formed much of the province of Posen-West Prussia ( 1922 – 1938 ), whose capital was Schneidemühl ( Piła ).

* King Mangrai of the Lanna Kingdom ( present day Northern Thailand, Shan State and Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture ) founds the city of Chiang Rai as the kingdom's capital.

The Northern Zhou ( 557 – 581 ) divisional militia ( fubing ) was continued by the Tang government, along with farmer-soldiers serving in rotation from the capital or frontier in order to receive appropriated farmland.

The volunteer army comprised the Southern Army ( Nanjun 南軍 ), while the standing army stationed in and near the capital was the Northern Army ( Beijun 北軍 ).

* 1541 – The Ottoman Turks capture Buda, the capital of the Hungarian Kingdom.

Aon plc is a British multinational corporation headquartered in London, United Kingdom, that provides risk management services, insurance and reinsurance brokerage, human capital and management consulting.

First documented in the 13th century, Berlin was the capital of the Kingdom of Prussia ( 1701 – 1918 ), the German Empire ( 1871 – 1918 ), the Weimar Republic ( 1919 – 1933 ) and the Third Reich ( 1933 – 1945 ).

With the coronation of Frederick I in 1701 as king ( in Königsberg ), Berlin became the new capital of the Kingdom of Prussia ( instead of Königsberg ); this was a successful attempt to centralize the capital in the very outspread Prussian Kingdom, and it was the first time the city began to grow.

* 1969 – Capital punishment in the United Kingdom: Home Secretary James Callaghan's motion to make permanent the Murder ( Abolition of Death Penalty ) Act 1965, which had temporarily suspended capital punishment in England, Wales and Scotland for murder ( but not for all crimes ) for a period of five years.

Since the beginning of Norman rule in the 12th century, the city has functioned as the capital in varying geopolitical entities: Lordship of Ireland ( 1171 – 1541 ), Kingdom of Ireland ( 1541 – 1800 ), island as part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland ( 1801 – 1922 ), and the Irish Republic ( 1919 – 1922 ).

* 1955 – Cardiff is proclaimed the capital city of Wales, United Kingdom.

The Inca civilization expansion northward from modern-day Peru during the late 15th century met with fierce resistance by several Ecuadorian tribes, particularly the Cañari, in the region around modern-day Cuenca ; the Cara in the Sierra north of Quito along with the Quitu, occupants of the site of the modern capital, with whom they had formed the Kingdom of Quito.

That was probably the reason why Ravenna was chosen not only as the capital of the Ostrogothic Kingdom in Italy, but also for the seat of the Byzantine exarchs as well.

During the 19th century criminal law reform incrementally reduced the number of capital offences to five ( see Capital punishment in the United Kingdom ), and forfeiture for felony was abolished by the Forfeiture Act 1870.

* 1745 – The city of Surakarta, Central Java is founded on the banks of Bengawan Solo River, and becomes the capital of the Kingdom of Surakarta.

From 1865 to 1870 the city was also the capital of the recently established Kingdom of Italy.

From Cotonou, the legionnaires marched to seize Abomey, the capital of the Kingdom of Dahomey.

Delegations from the United Kingdom and France — European powers whose colonial possessions lay next to Ethiopia — soon arrived in the Ethiopian capital to negotiate their own treaties with this newly proven power.

The Kingdom had no permanent capital city and the kings travelled from residence to residence ( called Kaiserpfalz ) to discharge affairs.

The Visigothic Kingdom shifted its capital to Toledo and reached a high point during the reign of Leovigild.

In the south was the British ( Brythonic ) Kingdom of Strathclyde, descendants of the peoples of the Roman influenced kingdoms of " The Old North ", often named Alt Clut, the Brythonic name for their capital at Dumbarton Rock.

In so doing they established the Kingdom of Dahomey, with its capital at Agbome.

The Kingdom of Mapungubwe was the first state in Southern Africa, with its capital at Mapungubwe.