These problems frequently arise where a firm is making items for the Government not directly along the lines of its normal civilian business or where the Government specifications require operations that the firm did not understand when it undertook the contract.

A 5-percent royalty is paid on any production during the period the contract is in effect ; ;

if the Government certifies that production may be possible from the property, the royalty obligation continues for the 10-year period usually specified in the contract or until the Government's contribution is repaid with interest.

The rural land use study is being carried out under contract by the University of Rhode Island and identifies all agricultural land uses in the state by type of use.

Sir Henry Sumner Maine, a hundred years before Communism was a force to be reckoned with, wrote his brilliant legal generalization, that `` the progress of society is from status to contract ''.

The essence of contract is that one is free to make a choice of what one will or will not do.

In addition to its major effort on fuel cells, Patterson Moos Research Division is continuing to carry on research in other fields, both under contract for the Defense Department, other government agencies and for our own account.

In the stock market, the normal trading package is a hundred shares, just as 5,000 bushels is the standard grain contract package.

It is convenient to assume that the union-industry contract is of one year's duration.

It is not surprising that the international obligations of states were also viewed in terms of contract.

That is, when first penetration takes place, the pressure and pain signals may involuntarily cause all the vaginal muscles to contract in an effort to bar the intrusion and prevent further pain.

What Gabriel was asking was that mankind forego all its parochial moral judgments, and contract to let the Angels serve on Earth as it is in Heaven regardless of the applicable Earth laws.

* 1905 – The Supreme Court of the United States decides Lochner v. New York which holds that the " right to free contract " is implicit in the due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment of the United States Constitution.

The notion of abstract data types is related to the concept of data abstraction, important in object-oriented programming and design by contract methodologies for software development.

If the traffic on a virtual circuit is exceeding its traffic contract, as determined by the GCRA, the network can either drop the cells or mark the Cell Loss Priority ( CLP ) bit ( to identify a cell as potentially redundant ).

But Philia insists that, even though she is in love with Hero, she must honor her contract with the Captain, for " that is the way of a courtesan.

In engineering and its various subdisciplines, acceptance testing is a test conducted to determine if the requirements of a specification or contract are met.

A principal purpose of acceptance testing is that, once completed successfully, and provided certain additional ( contractually agreed ) acceptance criteria are met, the sponsors will then sign off on the system as satisfying the contract ( previously agreed between sponsor and manufacturer ), and deliver final payment.

: In contract acceptance testing, a system is tested against acceptance criteria as documented in a contract, before the system is accepted.

The purpose of some early bids may be exchange information rather than to set the final contract.

For example, a wheat farmer and a miller could sign a futures contract to exchange a specified amount of cash for a specified amount of wheat in the future.

A futures contract differs from a forward contract in that the futures contract is a standardized contract written by a clearing house that operates an exchange where the contract can be bought and sold ; the forward contract is a non-standardized contract written by the parties themselves.

These approaches include the notion that individuals in a society accept rules from legitimate authority in exchange for security and economic advantage ( as in Rawls ) – a social contract.

Each householder must put aside all the chametz he is selling into a box or cupboard, and the rabbi enters into a contract to sell all the chametz to a non-Jew ( who is not obligated to observe the commandments ) in exchange for a small down payment ( e. g. $ 1. 00 ), with the remainder due after Passover.

The Liberal party, at this time the opposition party in Parliament, accused the Conservatives of having made a tacit agreement to give the contract to Hugh Allan in exchange for money.

Paley achieved this rout with a legal agreement reminiscent of his 1928 contract that caused some NBC station affiliates to jump ship and join CBS: CBS would buy the stars ' names as a property, in exchange for a large lump sum and a salary.

Social contract arguments typically posit that individuals have consented, either explicitly or tacitly, to surrender some of their freedoms and submit to the authority of the ruler or magistrate ( or to the decision of a majority ), in exchange for protection of their remaining rights.

This was less true when Hobbes wrote Leviathan ; then, more importance was attached to consideration, meaning a mutual exchange of benefits necessary to the formation of a valid contract, and most contracts had implicit terms that arose from the nature of the contractual relationship rather than from the choices made by the parties.

The purpose of bidding is to exchange information with your partner so that you can arrive at an optimal contract, while preventing the opponents from finding their optimal contract.

A forward contract is an agreement between two parties to exchange at some fixed future date a given quantity of a commodity for a price defined today.

A futures contract has the same general features as a forward contract but is standardized and transacted through a futures exchange.

On a commodity exchange, it is the underlying standard stated in the contract that defines the commodity, not any quality inherent in a specific producer's product.

On February 4, 2010, at his war crimes trial in the Hague, Taylor testified that Robertson was his main political ally in the U. S., and that he had volunteered to make Liberia's case before U. S. administration officials in exchange for concessions to Robertson's Freedom Gold, Ltd., to which Taylor gave a contract to mine gold in southeast Liberia.

Unlike traditional indemnity insurance, an HMO covers care rendered by those doctors and other professionals who have agreed by contract to treat patients in accordance with the HMO's guidelines and restrictions in exchange for a steady stream of customers.

In 2009 Willis signed a contract to become the international face of Belvedere SA's Sobieski Vodka in exchange for 3. 3 % ownership in the company.

Contract bridge is a trick-taking card game where on each of several deals the opposing sides first compete in a bidding auction for the right to establish the contract for that deal, the side winning the auction being known as the declaring side.

" Freedom of contract is a qualified and not an absolute right ...," Hughes declared in upholding an Iowa law that voided contracts limiting the legal rights of railroad workers: The state may " interfere where the parties do not stand upon an equality ...." Using similar reasoning, the associate justice upheld a California law that mandated a forty-eight-hour work-week for women in various industries and allowed a federal statute to override a contract between an interstate railroad and its employees.

If the owner of the contract exercises this right, the counter-party has the obligation to carry out the transaction.

Riding high in 1947 with a new contract which provided some script refusal rights and the right to form his own separate production company, Bogart reunited with John Huston for The Treasure of the Sierra Madre, a stark tale of greed involving three gold prospectors played out in the dusty back country of Mexico.

Bogart's contract gave him the right to have his own production company, but Jack Warner was reportedly furious at this, fearing that other stars would do the same and major studios would lose their power.

Rejecting the idea of moral rights, Tucker said that there were only two rights, " the right of might " and " the right of contract.

According to Rousseau, by joining together into civil society through the social contract and abandoning their claims of natural right, individuals can both preserve themselves and remain free.

But those who charged with a criminal offense, breach of contract or federal offence have a Constitutional right to a trial by jury.

Even a voluntary contract to surrender the product of labor to an employer was theft, according to Proudhon, since the controller of natural resources had no moral right to charge others for the use of that which he did not labor to create and therefore did not own.

Like Machiavelli, Thomas Hobbes, well known for his theory of the social contract, believed that a strong central power, such as a monarchy, was necessary to rule the innate selfishness of the individual but neither of them believed in the divine right of kings.

While Hobbes justifies absolute monarchy, this work is the first to posit that the temporal power of a monarch comes about, not because God has ordained that he be monarch, but because his subjects have freely yielded their own power and freedom to him-in other words, Hobbes replaces the divine right of kings with an early formulation of the social contract.

They claim that Fantasy Games Unlimited, Inc. ceased to exist in 1991, and that their contract specified that in such an event the rights would revert to them, and that therefore the current Fantasy Games Unlimited ( which they claim is a separate legal entity, although with the same owner ) has no right to sell V & V material.

After various legal battles over his right to a solo career, Williams was victorious in getting released from his contract with BMG.

The wedding contract between Maximilian and Mary stipulated that only the children of bride and groom had a right to inherit from each, not the surviving parent.

Among these, Francisco Suárez ( 1548 – 1617 ), from the School of Salamanca, might be considered as an early theorist of the social contract, theorizing natural law in an attempt to limit the divine right of absolute monarchy.

The social contract was an ' occurrence ' during which individuals came together and ceded some of their individual rights so that others would cede theirs ( e. g. person A gives up his / her right to kill person B if person B does the same ).

Lysander Spooner, a 19th century lawyer and staunch supporter of a right of contract between individuals, in his essay No Treason, argues that a supposed social contract cannot be used to justify governmental actions such as taxation, because government will initiate force against anyone who does not wish to enter into such a contract.

It was contended that any rights that C / F International had to license the Tom Jones show did not include the right to make and license separate recordings of the performances on the show and that any rights that C / F International had in the Tom Jones show ' no longer existed due to numerous breaches of contract.

The contract between Gilbert and Sullivan and the Comedy Opera Company gave the latter the right to present Pinafore for the duration of the initial run.