" " Framing " refers to conceptualizing the problem, i. e., defining goals and objectives.

For example, in defining learning goals or objectives, instructional designers often use a taxonomy of educational objectives created by Benjamin Bloom and colleagues.

Deriving software metrics and static analysis are increasingly deployed together, especially in creation of embedded systems, by defining so called software quality objectives.

Every project manager should create a small core set of formal documents defining the project objectives, how they are to be achieved, who is going to achieve them, when they are going to be achieved, and how much they are going to cost.

However, the complete theory of the Abbe sine condition shows that if a lens is corrected for coma and spherical aberration, as all good photographic objectives must be, the second principal plane becomes a portion of a sphere of radius f centered about the focal point, ..." In this sense, the traditional thin-lens definition and illustration of f-number is misleading, and defining it in terms of numerical aperture may be more meaningful.

Transportation planning historically has followed the rational planning model of defining goals and objectives, identifying problems, generating alternatives, evaluating alternatives, and developing plans.

ITIL application management encompasses a set of best practices proposed to improve the overall quality of IT software development and support through the life-cycle of software development projects, with particular attention to gathering and defining requirements that meet business objectives.

Military operations oversees the policy interpretation into military plans, allocation of capability to specific strategic, operational and tactical goals and objectives, change in posture of the armed forces, the interaction of Combat Arms, Combat Support Arms and Combat Support Services during combat operations, defining of military missions and tasks during the conduct of combat, management of military prisoners and military civil affairs, and the military occupation of enemy territory, seizure of captured equipment, and maintenance of civil order in the territory under its responsibility.

The decision process begins by precisely defining the problem or opportunity, along with the objectives and constraints.

Program management may provide a layer above the management of projects and focuses on selecting the best group of projects, defining them in terms of their objectives and providing an environment where projects can be run successfully.

:* Set objectives – defining what the organization is going to do

Managers have come to view decision-making generally, and strategic thinking in particular, as a multi-stage process that starts with an assessment of the current situation, defining objectives, then determining how to reach these objectives.

Management by objectives ( MBO ) is a process of defining objectives within an organization so that management and employees agree to the objectives and understand what they need to do in the organization in order to achieve them.

They oversee the business process activities, are responsible for defining rules, policies, and guidelines to ensure that the main objectives follow the company strategy as well as establishing control mechanisms.

The bill attempts to secure these by appropriating funding, establishing aid allocation requirements, defining objectives of United States international policy in Afghanistan, and setting standards of behavior for the United States in executing policy.

" The Declaration became Otpor ’ s strategic document defining the main problems, objectives of the movement and the methods to be used.

The European Security Strategy is the document in which the European Union clarifies its security strategy which is aimed at achieving a secure Europe in a better world, identifying the threats facing the Union, defining its strategic objectives and setting out the political implications for Europe.

* Contract Negotiation: Contract negotiations involves determining whether all parties have realistic objectives, forming high calibre negotiating teams, defining each partner ’ s contributions and rewards as well as protect any proprietary information, addressing termination clauses, penalties for poor performance, and highlighting the degree to which arbitration procedures are clearly stated and understood.

This plan includes the following: identifying specific problem areas, solidifying particular goals, and defining business objectives.

The defining goals of alchemy are often given as the transmutation of common metals into gold ( known as chrysopoeia ), the creation of a panacea, and the discovery of a universal solvent.

The Thirty-Nine Articles are the historic defining statements of Anglicanism doctrine.

In 1976 the International Astronomical Union ( IAU ) revised the definition of the AU for greater precision, defining it as that length for which the Gaussian gravitational constant ( k ) takes the value when the units of measurement are the astronomical units of length, mass and time.

The Tokyo Convention states in Article 11, defining the so-called unlawful takeover of an aircraft, that the parties signing the agreement are obliged, in case of hijacking or a threat of it, to take all the necessary measures in order to regain or keep control over an aircraft.

There are no standard conventions for defining them.

In early 2007 Borland rolled out a new company tagline, branding and go to market focus around Open Application Lifecycle Management ( ALM ) – defining it as the segment of the ALM market in which vendors ' solutions are flexible enough to support a customer's specific processes, tools and platforms.

The first 6 narrative chapters are fit into the structure rather than defining the structure.

The defining characteristic of bistability is simply that two stable states ( minima ) are separated by a peak ( maximum ).

The extent to which different markets are free, as well as the rules defining private property, is a matter of politics and policy.

The walls defining the enclosures of Khmer temples are frequently lined by galleries, while passage through the walls is by way of gopuras located at the cardinal points.

The World Bank and IMF are now encouraging the government to concentrate exclusively on implementing much-needed economic reforms to jump-start the economy and defining its fundamental priorities with the aim of alleviating poverty.

Nearly every human society throughout history has expected distinctions to be made between males and females by the style, color, or type of clothing they are expected to wear, and likewise most societies have had a set of social norms, views, guidelines, or even laws defining what type of clothing is appropriate for each gender.

Note that arrows between categories are called functors, subject to specific defining commutativity conditions ; moreover, categorical diagrams and sequences can be defined as functors ( viz.

Three methods of defining clades are featured in phylogenetic nomenclature: node -, stem -, and apomorphy-based:

There are secular Jews, who do use ethnicity and culture as their defining criteria.

When applied to vector spaces of functions ( which typically are infinite-dimensional ), dual spaces are employed for defining and studying concepts like measures, distributions, and Hilbert spaces.

While there is no single definition of a distributed system, the following defining properties are commonly used:

Notably, the XML DTD allows defining entities and notations that have no direct equivalents in DTD-less XML ( because internal entities and parsable external entities are not part of XML schema languages, and because other unparsed external entities and notations have no simple equivalent mappings in most XML schema languages ).

Here, the focus is not on finding precise solutions to the equations defining the dynamical system ( which is often hopeless ), but rather to answer questions like " Will the system settle down to a steady state in the long term, and if so, what are the possible attractors?

The defining features are that people can consume public goods without having to pay for them and that more than one person can consume the good at the same time.

The most common way to formalize this is by defining a field as a set together with two operations, usually called addition and multiplication, and denoted by + and ·, respectively, such that the following axioms hold ; subtraction and division are defined implicitly in terms of the inverse operations of addition and multiplication :< ref group =" note "> That is, the axiom for addition only assumes a binary operation The axiom of inverse allows one to define a unary operation that sends an element to its negative ( its additive inverse ); this is not taken as given, but is implicitly defined in terms of addition as " is the unique b such that ", " implicitly " because it is defined in terms of solving an equation — and one then defines the binary operation of subtraction, also denoted by "−", as in terms of addition and additive inverse.

In computer science, formal languages are often used as the basis for defining programming languages and other systems in which the words of the language are associated with particular meanings or semantics.