His advocacy of Spiritualism and his belief in a non-material origin for the higher mental faculties of humans strained his relationship with the scientific establishment, especially with other early proponents of evolution.

Further, proponents of the necessity of the personal apostolic succession of bishops within the Church point to the universal practice of the undivided early Church ( up to AD 431 ), before being divided into the Church of the East, Oriental Orthodoxy, the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Roman Catholic Church.

Although, strictly speaking, U. S. film director D. W. Griffith was not part of the montage school, he was one of the early proponents of the power of editing — mastering cross-cutting to show parallel action in different locations, and codifying film grammar in other ways as well.

After emerging in the early 1960s, the “ inherence account ” attracted numerous proponents and became an influential element of contemporary Berkeley scholarship.

Symmes became the most famous of the early Hollow Earth proponents.

Kanada became one of the early proponents of atomism.

In the early 1960s the use of LSD and other hallucinogens was advocated by proponents of the new " consciousness expansion ", such as Timothy Leary, Alan Watts, Aldous Huxley and Arthur Koestler, their writings profoundly influenced the thinking of the new generation of youth.

The proponents of this etymology adduce Pegasus ' role, reported as early as Hesiod, as bringer of thunderbolts to Zeus.

After the death of Reclus as well as the main proponents of Le Play's ideas, and with Émile Durkheim turning away from his early concept of social morphology, Paul Vidal de la Blache, who noted that geography " is a science of places and not a science of men ", remained the most influential figure of French geography.

Hegel and Marx were among the other early proponents of the premise that truth is, or can be, socially constructed.

Nuvolari was one of the early proponents ( if not the inventor, according to Enzo Ferrari ) of the four-wheel drift technique.

* Josephine Butler and Lydia Becker, early proponents of non-violent methods of protest.

The leading proponents of the theory are Anna Wierzbicka at Warsaw University and later at the Australian National University who originated the theory in the early 1970s ( Wierzbicka 1972 ), and Cliff Goddard at Australia's Griffith University ( Goddard & Wierzbicka 1994, 2002 ).

The picketing of Originale marked the high point of Maciunas ' agit prop approach, an approach that estranged many of Fluxus ' early proponents ; Jackson Mac Low had resigned immediately after hearing ' antisocial ' plans laid in April 1963, such as breaking down trucks under the Hudson River Brecht threatened to quit on the same issue, and then left New York in the spring of 1965.

Influenced by the early Age of Enlightenment, he is considered to be one of the early proponents of a scientific ( and especially empirical ) approach to agriculture.

Some have responded to the proponents of this view of the Moloch sacrifices ( being only a ritualized " pass between flame ") by pointing out their failure to understand the Hebrew idiom le ha ' avir ba ' esh to imply " to burn " and their use of anthropological evidence of suspect relevance to draw parallels to early Hebrew religious practices.

There was considerable debate between its proponents and those favouring a rival theory known as plutonism which gave a significant role to volcanic origins, and in modified form replaced neptunism in the early 19th century as the principle of uniformitarianism was shown to fit better with the geological facts as they became better known.

One of the early experiments, lauded by proponents as having improved the methodology of remote viewing testing and as raising future experimental standards, was criticized as leaking information to the participants by inadvertently leaving clues.

William and Charles Mayo were proponents of education since very early in the history of Mayo Clinic.

Until the early 1990s, proponents of Taiwan independence argued that they would consider handing Kinmen over to the PRC in any negotiated settlement.

Some proponents of " standard " hymns generally dislike gospel music of the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

A distinctive West Coast rap scene spawned the early 1990s G-funk sound, which paired gangsta rap lyrics with a thick and hazy sound, often from 1970s funk samples ; the best-known proponents were the rappers 2Pac, Dr. Dre, Ice Cube and Snoop Dogg.

Many early proponents argued that the size of the economic growth would be significant enough that the increased government revenue from a faster growing economy would be sufficient to compensate completely for the short-term costs of a tax cut, and that tax cuts could, in fact, cause overall revenue to increase.

According to proponents of the Osborne Effect, Adam Osborne damaged his company's current sales when he began showing the Osborne Executive to journalists in early 1983.

It is located in Götaland, with the river itself being a site of early Geatish settlement.

The Götaland theory originated in the early 20th century with claims that the ancient city Ubsola ( Uppsala ) was situated in the province of Västergötland in the old lands called Uplanden.

Wielbark Culture ( red ) in the early 3rd century ( also Gotland ( pink ), Götaland ( green ), Roman Empire ( purple ))

Geatish kings ( Rex Getarum / Gothorum ), ruling over the provinces of Götaland ( Gautland / Geatland ), appears in several sources for early Swedish history.

As Diggins concludes regarding the highly influential Cooper Union speech of early 1860, " Lincoln presented Americans a theory of history that offers a profound contribution to the theory and destiny of republicanism itself.

* Bhartrihari ( c 450 – 510 CE ), early figure in Indic linguistic theory

In 1904, he also wrote a novel, Born Again, clearly inspired by the popular Utopian fantasy Looking Backward by Edward Bellamy, an early harbinger of the metaphysical turn his career would take with the theory of Lawsonomy.

In one such theory, put forward by Sir E. B. Tylor, early humans initially, through mere observation, recognized what might be called a soul, life-force, spirit, breath or animus within themselves ; that which was present in the body in life and absent in death.

Lavoisier also contributed to early ideas on composition and chemical changes by stating the radical theory, believing that radicals, which function as a single group in a chemical process, combine with oxygen in reactions.

In doing so, he placed a cornerstone in consolidating early phoneme theory.

An early theory, suggested by Swiss theologian Jean LeClerc in the 17th century, posits that the longer Western version was a first draft, while the Alexandrian version represents a more polished revision by the same author.

Saint Thomas Aquinas's aesthetic is probably the most famous and influential theory among medieval authors, having been the subject of much scrutiny in the wake of the neo-Scholastic revival of the late 19th and early 20th centuries and even having received the approbation of the celebrated Modernist writer, James Joyce.

Jay comments that this is sometimes seen as an early reference to the idea of the transmission of grace through the apostolic succession which in later centuries was understood as being specifically transmitted through the laying on of hands by a bishop within the apostolic succession ( the " pipeline theory ").

As early as 1573, Thomas Digges had suggested that this theory should necessitate a parallactic shifting of the stars, and, consequently, if such stellar parallaxes existed, then the Copernican theory would receive additional confirmation.

Another view of the Buddhist theory of the self, especially in early Buddhism, is that the Buddhist theory is essentially an eliminativist theory.

The Big Bang theory is the prevailing cosmological model that describes the early development of the Universe.

Inflation and baryogenesis remain more speculative features of current Big Bang models: they explain important features of the early universe, but could be replaced by alternative ideas without affecting the rest of the theory.

The traditional ascription of the whole book to the prophet Joel was challenged in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries by a theory of a three stage process of composition: 1: 1 – 2: 27 were from the hand of Joel, and dealt with a contemporary issue ; 2: 28 – 3: 21 were ascribed to a continuator with an apocalyptic outlook.

According to this theory, the cycle of philosophical upheavals that in part drove the diversification of Buddhism into its many schools and sects only began once Buddhists began attempting to make explicit the implicit philosophy of the Buddha and the early suttas.

Axiomatic set theory was developed in response to these early attempts to study set theory, with the goal of determining precisely what operations were allowed and when.

The theory asserts that all currently living organisms on Earth share a common genetic heritage with each being the descendant from a single original species, though the suggestion of substantial horizontal gene transfer during early evolution has led to questions about monophyly of life.

Big Bang Nucleosynthesis is the theory of the formation of the elements in the early universe.

It was used for many years as a probe of physics at the time of the Big Bang, as the theory of Big Bang nucleosynthesis connects the abundances of primordial light elements with the features of the early universe.

Cosmological perturbation theory, which describes the evolution of slight inhomogeneities in the early universe, has allowed cosmologists to precisely calculate the angular power spectrum of the radiation, and it has been measured by the recent satellite experiments ( COBE and WMAP ) and many ground and balloon-based experiments ( such as Degree Angular Scale Interferometer, Cosmic Background Imager, and Boomerang ).