Bishops of the Church of Scotland traditionally sat in the Parliament of Scotland but were excluded in 1638 following the Scottish Reformation.

In Scotland, the legal profession is divided between solicitors and advocates, the distinction being similar to that between solicitors and barristers in England and Wales, though Scottish solicitors have traditionally represented their clients in the lower courts ( such as the Sheriff Court and the District Court ), only being excluded from the High Court of Justiciary and the Court of Session.

However, Henry VIII had excluded the Scottish line from the English succession in his will, placing the Grey sisters next-in-line after his own children.

Bishops of the Church of Scotland traditionally sat in the Parliament of Scotland but were excluded in 1638 following the Scottish Reformation.

Later events surrounding the attempts of the Jacobites, the adherents of the excluded dynasts, to regain the English and Scottish thrones, led to a sharpening of anti-Catholic rhetoric in Britain and a distancing of the High Church party from the more ritualistic aspects of Caroline High churchmanship, which were often associated with the schismatic Non-Jurors.

Despite the fact that Scottish Presbyterians strongly supported the Williamites in the Williamite war in Ireland in the 1690s, they were excluded from power in the postwar settlement by the Anglican Protestant Ascendancy.

Scotland is excluded, and so are nominally English areas then under Scottish control, such as Northumberland and most of Cumberland.

However, they were excluded from negotiations by the victorious English Parliament and by 1647, they despaired of achieving their political goals-the establishment of Presbyterianism in the Three Kingdoms and asserting the civil authority of the Scots Parliament and the General Assembly of the Scottish Kirk ( Presbyterian Church ).

As bishop, then metropolitan of Calcutta, he excluded Scottish chaplains and troops from the use of garrison churches in India because they had not received episcopal consecration, an action for which he was criticised by Robert Herbert Story.

The canon mistakenly claims that the canon of the late-4th-century Council of Carthage quoted above excluded conjugal intercourse by clergy lower than bishops only in connection with their liturgical service or in times of fasting.

The Council of Carthage excluded such intercourse perpetually and made no distinction between bishops, priests and deacons.

Saint Ignatius of Antioch, the earliest known writer to use the phrase " the catholic church ", excluded from the Church heterodox groups whose teaching and practice conflicted with those of the bishops of the Church, and considered that they were not really Christians.

Besides the support of a strong monarchy, the Tories also stood for the Church of England, as established in Acts of Parliament following the restoration of Charles II — both as a body governed by bishops, using the Book of Common Prayer, and subscribing to a specific doctrine, and also as an exclusive body established by law, from which both Roman Catholics and Nonconformists were excluded.

* 5 February, the bishops of the Church of England are excluded from the House of Lords by the Bishops Exclusion Act

Already in 341 Acacius had attended the council of Antioch, when in the presence of the emperor Constantius II " the Golden Basilica " was dedicated by a band of ninety bishops, and he subscribed the ambiguous creeds then drawn up from which the term Homoousion and all mention of " substance " were excluded.

Catholic clergy were excluded after 1567 but Protestant bishops continued as the clerical estate until their abolition in 1638 when Parliament became an entirely lay assembly.

" In other words, Rome was definitely excluded from the Constantinopolitan sphere of influence and put on a par with Constantinople, as can be inferred from Nilus's statement that the bishops of Constantinople and Rome, and only these two, were called oecumenical patriarchs.

In answering these questions, we need to ask not merely whether Communist troops have crossed over into territories they did not occupy before, and not merely whether disciplined agents of the Cominform are in control of governments from which they were formerly excluded: the success of Communism's war against the West does not depend on such spectacular and definitive conquests.

This Synod of Dort was open primarily to Dutch Calvinists ( Arminians were excluded ) with Calvinist representatives from other countries, and in 1618 published a condemnation of Arminius and his followers as heretics.

Alcott described his sustenance as a " Pythagorean diet ": meat, eggs, butter, cheese, and milk were excluded and drinking was confined to well water.

Restaurants ( along with Chinese laundries ) provided an ethnic niche for small businesses at a time when the Chinese people were excluded from most jobs in the wage economy by ethnic discrimination or lack of language fluency.

Also excluded from voting were citizens whose rights were under suspension ( typically for failure to pay a debt to the city: see atimia ); for some Athenians this amounted to permanent ( and in fact inheritable ) disqualification.

Metroxenoi, those with foreign mothers, were now to be excluded.

Proponents ( especially of majoritarianism ) deny these accusations, and argue that any faults in Athenian democracy were because the franchise was quite limited ( only male citizens could vote — women, slaves and non-citizens were excluded ).

The number of the Athenians at that time exceeded 6000, the Albanians from the villages of Attica excluded, whilst in 1674 the population of Aegina did not seem to exceed 3000 inhabitants, 2 / 3 of which were women.

* The Alaska Native Allotment Act was revoked and as yet unborn Native children were excluded.

The team with the best overall record in the major leagues, the Cincinnati Reds, failed to win their division in either half of that season and were controversially excluded, as were the St. Louis Cardinals, who finished with the NL's second-best record.

Although initially excluded and even though they did not directly participate in the engagement, Troubridge and his men were given equal shares in the awards after Nelson personally interceded for the crew of the stranded Culloden.

In the primitive church, books afterwards excluded from the canon were often read, e. g. the letters of Clement of Rome and the Shepherd of Hermas.

Also, blackening of fish or chicken and barbecuing of shrimp in the shell are excluded because they were not prepared in traditional Cajun cuisine.

Monarchs were excluded from selecting popes.

Christian and Jewish men were counted but the female population was excluded.

They included: supporters of religious independents who did not want an established church and some of whom had sympathies with the Levellers ; Presbyterians who were willing to countenance the trial and execution of the King ; and later admissions, such as formerly excluded MPs who were prepared to denounce the Newport Treaty negotiations with the King.

Catholics were also excluded from the toleration applied to the other groups.

While calling the social structure as a racial caste or caste-like system, these scholars noted that African Americans were segregated, shunned through refused entry into restaurants and hotels, isolated, excluded, and fixed in a hereditary system with the anti-miscegenation laws declaring interracial sex or marriage a criminal offense.

The outcasts were shunned and ostracized by the upper castes, and the sub-castes excluded, shunned and mutually repulsed the other.

Other sociologists such as Danckert claim unehrliche Leute caste and other hereditarily excluded poor were present elsewhere in Christian Germany.

The group argued that the Oslo negotiations were undemocratic, excluded the PLO from decision-making and deprived the Palestinians of their legitimate rights, but in contrast to most other Alliance members they did not oppose a two-state solution as such.

An ironic note was that the disgraced remnant of the party was excluded from Parliament by the minimum 4 % threshold introduced by Bettino Craxi himself during one of his previous governments.

Eventually, the right-wing were forcibly excluded from the SZDP, and in 1948 the remnant was forced to merge with the Communists to form the Soviet-sponsored Hungarian Working People's Party.

From there she negotiated with the emperor for the safety of family members left in the capital, while protesting her sons ' innocence of hostile actions ; under the falsehood of making a vesperal visit to worship at the church, she deliberately excluded the grandson of Botaneiates and his loyal tutor, met with Alexios and Isaac and fled for the forum of Constantine.

Cuba was formerly excluded from participation in the Organization of American States under a decision adopted by the Eighth Meeting of Consultation in Punta del Este, Uruguay, on 21 January 1962.

However, Athenian citizenship excluded women, slaves, foreigners ( μέτοικοι metoikoi ), and males under 20 years old.

However, works written under a false name would have been very problematic since the early church clearly excluded from the apostolic canon any works they thought to be pseudonymous.

Emissions from international aviation are specifically excluded from the targets agreed under the Kyoto Protocol.

# Causa proxima, or proximate cause – the cause of loss ( the peril ) must be covered under the insuring agreement of the policy, and the dominant cause must not be excluded

By 1997, the phrase had entered the legal lexicon as seen in an opinion by Supreme Court of the United States Justice John Paul Stevens, ' An example of " junk science " that should be excluded under the Daubert standard as too unreliable would be the testimony of a phrenologist who would purport to prove a defendant ’ s future dangerousness based on the contours of the defendant ’ s skull.

" Samuel Smiles stated that he was " the scion of a distinguished Béarnese family "; although it is probable that the poverty of his parents would have excluded him from a learned career if some of the leading Protestants of the district had not charged themselves with the expenses of his education, which was begun under M. Jean de la Placette, the minister of Nay, He studied at Puylaurens, the Academy of Saumur, and the Academy of Sedan, receiving the degree of doctor in theology, it is said, at the age of seventeen.

The government faced the problem that a key piece of evidence – Lindh's confession – might be excluded from evidence as having been forced under duress ( i. e. torture ).

* Also excluded were several films in the Zane Grey western series, including To the Last Man ( 1932 ), that were licensed to a theatrical reissue distributor at the time of the MCA deal, as well as all the Hopalong Cassidy films purchased by star William Boyd, and are currently under the control of U. S. Television Office, founded by Boyd.

* The New Covenant is not purely an expansion of the Old Covenant because the Pharisees and all who did not have faith in Jesus are excluded from the New Covenant, but were acceptable under the old.

* Admitting evidence which should have been excluded under the rules of evidence

The relational model depends on the law of excluded middle under which anything that is not true is false and anything that is not false is true ; it also requires every tuple in a relation body to have a value for every attribute of that relation.

This arrangement fell apart and, during the re-establishment of Poland under Casimir the Great, all of Silesia was specifically excluded as non-Polish land.

The parliamentary election, the first held under the new constitution's guarantee of universal suffrage to all citizens 18 years of age or older, excluded all parties except the PDPU and the pro-government Progress of the Fatherland Party, despite earlier promises that all parties would be free to participate.

This implied that German Jewish doctors could maintain their professional status as individual members of the international body, even though they were excluded from the German affiliate, as well as from other German medical societies operating under the Nazis.

Hundreds, if not thousands, of Métis were initially included in a number of other treaties and then unilaterally excluded under later amendments to the Indian Act.

End walls excluded, the tracheids of prevascular plants were able to operate under the same hydraulic conductivity as those of the first vascular plant, Cooksonia.

Peres led the Alignment to its first ever electoral defeat, when Likud under Menachem Begin won sufficient seats to form a coalition that excluded the left.

Letter-bombs, along with anti-personnel mines, are typical examples of subject-matter excluded from patentability under the European Patent Convention, because the publication or exploitation of such inventions are contrary to the " ordre public "

Existing normally aspirated cars such as the BMW M3 could continue to compete under the Class C clause, unlike the turbocharged Ford Sierra and Nissan Skyline GT-R models which the new rules excluded from the category.

At the national convention in Atlantic City, New Jersey the MFDP claimed the seats for delegates for Mississippi, not on the grounds of the Party rules, but because the official Mississippi delegation had been elected by a primary conducted under Jim Crow laws in which blacks were excluded because of poll taxes, literacy tests, and even violence against black voters.

The Act excluded Chinese " skilled and unskilled laborers employed in mining " from entering the country for ten years under penalty of imprisonment and deportation.

The Dawes Commission, set up under an Indian Office appropriation bill in 1893, was created, not to administer the Dawes Act, but to attempt to get the Five Civilized Tribes, which were excluded under the Dawes Act, to agree to an allotment plan.