The first is the strictly scientific, which demands concrete proof and therefore may err on the conservative side by waiting for evidence in the flesh.

The word amphibian became restricted in the taxonomical sense to what we now use around 1600, with the taxon " Amphibia " first published in scientific classification circa 1819.

Many consider him the first true scientific aerial investigator and the first person to understand the underlying principles and forces of flight.

Although Dürer made no innovations in these areas, he is notable as the first Northern European to treat matters of visual representation in a scientific way, and with understanding of Euclidean principles.

Celsius was the first to perform and publish careful experiments aiming at the definition of an international temperature scale on scientific grounds.

The Antarctic region had no indigenous population when first discovered, and its present inhabitants comprise a few thousand transient scientific and other personnel working on tours of duty at the several dozen research stations maintained by various countries.

The first of these scientific concepts of acids and bases was provided by the French chemist Antoine Lavoisier, circa 1776.

The first scientific concept of acids and bases was provided by Lavoisier circa 1776.

When writing the scientific name of an organism, it is proper to capitalize the first letter in the genus and put all of the specific epithet in lowercase.

According to his website, three extended periods of his fasting have been observed under control of scientific and medical teams, the first lasting 211 days in 1995 – 96, in Calicut, India, under the direction of Dr C. K. Ramachandran.

The first scientific expedition to Clipperton took place in 1725 under Frenchman M. Bocage, who lived on the island for several months.

Although he is best known for discovering the dwarf planet Pluto in 1930, the first object to be discovered in what would later be identified as the Kuiper belt, Tombaugh also discovered many asteroids ; he also called for serious scientific research of unidentified flying objects.

Geoffrey Crawley, editor of the British Journal of Photography, undertook a " major scientific investigation of the photographs and the events surrounding them ", published between 1982 and 1983, " the first major postwar analysis of the affair ".

The census will cover all Grama Niladhari ( GN ) divisions of the country. The first scientific census in Sri Lanka was conducted on 27 March 1871.

The " Joseph Harding method " was the first modern system for Cheddar production based upon scientific principles.

Mazza produced the first scientific confirmation of the existence of Trypanosoma cruzi in Argentina in 1927, eventually leading to support from local and European medical schools and Argentine government policy makers.

Launched in early 1972 it was unlike the other basic four-function pocket calculators then available in that it was the first pocket calculator with scientific functions that could replace a slide rule.

The first Soviet scientific pocket-sized calculator the " B3-18 " was completed by the end of 1975.

The first paper by Puthoff and Targ on psychic research to appear in a mainstream peer-reviewed scientific journal was published in Nature in March 1974 ; in it, the team reported some degree of remote viewing success.

Although the first recorded dictionaries date back to Sumerian times ( these were bilingual dictionaries ), the systematic study of dictionaries as objects of scientific interest themselves is a 20th century enterprise, called lexicography, and largely initiated by Ladislav Zgusta.

The LINC proved to attract intense interest in the scientific community, and has since been referred to as the first real minicomputer, a machine that was small and inexpensive enough to be dedicated to a single task even in a small lab.

* Knuth published his first " scientific " article in a school magazine in 1957 under the title " Potrzebie System of Weights and Measures.

It wasn ’ t until the late 1800s, however, that a young German philosopher by the name of Herman Ebbinghaus developed the first scientific approach to studying memory.

However, Darwinism is also used neutrally within the scientific community to distinguish modern evolutionary theories, sometimes called " NeoDarwinism ", from those first proposed by Darwin.

Using space exploration as a symbol of national prestige, he warned of a " missile gap " between the two nations, pledging to make the U. S. not " first but, first and, first if, but first period.

Most of the kinds commonly eaten fresh or dried, those of the genus Phaseolus, come originally from the Americas, being first seen by a European when Christopher Columbus, during his exploration, of what may have been the Bahamas, found them growing in fields.

Though Columbus was not the first European explorer to reach the Americas ( having been preceded by the Norse expedition led by Leif Ericson in the 11th century ), Columbus's voyages led to the first lasting European contact with America, inaugurating a period of European exploration and colonization of foreign lands that lasted for several centuries.

Caving was pioneered by Édouard-Alfred Martel ( 1859 – 1938 ) who first achieved the descent and exploration of the Gouffre de Padirac, France as early as 1889 and the first complete descent of a 110 metre wet vertical shaft at Gaping Gill, in Yorkshire, England in 1895.

The scaling-pole ( 1940 ), nylon ropes ( 1942 ), use of explosives in caves ( 1947 ) and mechanical rope-ascenders ( Henri Brenot's " monkeys ", first used by Chevalier and Brenot in a cave in 1934 ) can be directly associated to the exploration of the Dent de Crolles cave system.

Mostly concentrated on the continental shelf of the province's Atlantic coast in the vicinity of Sable Island, exploration activities began in the 1960s and resulted in the first commercial production field for oil beginning in the 1980s.

The first European Americans to arrive in what is known as Eagle Valley were John C. Fremont and his exploration party in January 1843.

The Fog Island ( Oceans in older editions ) is the first scenario where exploration is used.

He also accompanied Cook's third voyage ( 1776 – 1778 ), this time aboard Resolutions sister ship, and the first European sighting and exploration of the Hawaiian Islands.

In 1794, he first went to Cook Inlet, the northernmost point of his exploration, and from there followed the coast south.

In April 1955, oil exploration started in the kingdom with its first oil fields being discovered in 1959.

Papua New Guinea was the first country in the world to grant commercial exploration licenses for seafloor massive sulphide deposits when it granted the initial license to Nautilus Minerals in 1997.

The suite shows what Albéniz biographer Walter Aaron Clark describes as the “ first flowering of his unique creative genius ”, and the beginnings of compositional exploration that became the hallmark of his later works.

This notice came at a crucial moment in both Cook's career and the direction of British overseas exploration, and led to his commission in 1766 as commander of HM Bark Endeavour for the first of three Pacific voyages.

* 1497 – John Cabot lands in North America at Newfoundland leading the first European exploration of the region since the Vikings.

In 1943 Cousteau tried out the first prototype aqua-lung which finally made extended underwater exploration possible.

In 1948, between missions of mine clearance, underwater exploration and technological and physiological tests, Cousteau undertook a first campaign in the Mediterranean on board the sloop Élie Monnier, with Philippe Tailliez, Frédéric Dumas, Jean Alinat and the scenario writer Marcel Ichac.

Mariner 4 ( together with Mariner 3 known as Mariner-Mars 1964 ) was the fourth in a series of spacecraft, launched on November 28, 1964, intended for planetary exploration in a flyby mode and performed the first successful flyby of the planet Mars, returning the first pictures of the Martian surface.

Early science fiction about Mars often involved the first voyages to the planet, sometimes as an invasion force, more often for the purposes of exploration.