minimizing false negative errors for a fixed rate of false positive

For instance an arbitrageur would first buy a convertible bond, then sell fixed income securities or interest rate futures ( to hedge the interest rate exposure ) and buy some credit protection ( to hedge the risk of credit deterioration ).

It tried to keep a fixed exchange rate, and attempted to deal with inflation and sterling weakness by credit and exchange controls.

On 1 January 2008, the country entered the eurozone and adopted the euro as its official currency, replacing the Cypriot pound at an irrevocable fixed exchange rate of CYP 0. 585274 per EUR 1. 00.

Currencies can be classified as either floating currencies or fixed currencies based on their exchange rate regime.

In the latter case, exemplified by Bulgaria, Hong Kong and Latvia, the local currency is backed at a fixed rate by the central bank's holdings of a foreign currency.

Robert Mundell's " impossible trinity " is the most famous formulation of these limited powers, and postulates that it is impossible to target monetary policy ( broadly, interest rates ), the exchange rate ( through a fixed rate ) and maintain free capital movement.

* Marginal lending rate ( currently 1. 5 % in the Eurozone ) – a fixed rate for institutions to borrow money from the central bank.

; Goal independence: The central bank has the right to set its own policy goals, whether inflation targeting, control of the money supply, or maintaining a fixed exchange rate.

The euro did not begin circulating until 2002 but the exchange rate was fixed on 19 June 2000, with legal introduction of the euro taking place in January 2002.

The corporation could buy a forward rate agreement ( FRA ), which is a contract to pay a fixed rate of interest six months after purchases on a notional amount of money.

Scrip, a form of money meaningless outside the school, was created at a fixed exchange rate from a student's tuition.

So at a fixed value of g, the fractional rate of change of the clock-rate, the percentage change in the ticking at the top of an accelerating box vs at the bottom, is:

The arithmetic was actually implemented as subroutines, but with a one megahertz clock rate, the speed of floating point operations and fixed point was initially faster than many competing computers, and since it was only software, all the DEUCE's had it.

East Caribbean dollars ( EC $) per US $ 1 – 2. 7000 ( fixed rate since 1976 )

Interest rate changes often cannot keep up with hyperinflation or even high inflation, certainly with contractually fixed interest rates.

( For example, in the 1970s in the United Kingdom inflation reached 25 % per annum, yet interest rates did not rise above 15 % – and then only briefly – and many fixed interest rate loans existed ).

In interwar Germany, for example, much private and corporate debt was effectively wiped out ; certainly for those holding fixed interest rate loans.

Some performance fees include a " hurdle ", so that a fee is only paid on the fund's performance in excess of a benchmark rate ( e. g. LIBOR ) or a fixed percentage.

Because a nation's exchange rate has a big impact on its ' balance of trade ' and its ' balance of payments ' many economists favour freely floating exchange rates over the older, fixed ( or pegged ) rates of foreign currency exchange.

At the point of conversion, the rate was fixed at € 1 = 5. 94573 mk.

For the occasion on which everyone already knows everyone else and the host wishes them to meet one or a few honored newcomers, then the `` open house '' system is advantageous because the honored guests are fixed connective points and the drifting guests make and break connections at the door.

That picture of the American prairie is as indelibly fixed in the memory of those who have studied the conquest of the American continent as any later cinema image of the West made in live-oak canyons near Hollywood.

In some low-speed situations, the distant signal is fixed at caution.

Here the number of trials is a random variable, not a fixed number.

Now the only way in which all curves of the image family of Af can pass through a fixed point is to have a generator of Af which is not a secant but a tangent of **zg, for then any point on such a generator will be transformed into the point of tangency.

Since the earth is rotating and the unleveled gyro-stabilized platform is fixed with respect to a reference in space, an observer on the earth will see the platform rotating ( with respect to the earth ).

Part-time farming gives a measure of security if the regular job is lost, provided the farm is owned free of debt and furnishes enough income to meet fixed expenses and minimum living costs.

The diffusion is most pronounced and most likely to become fixed, however, in those who have had no or very minimal opportunities to develop the autonomy and initiative that could have been directed into constructive expression and so served as sources of developing self-certainty.

The drama in the theater and the concert in the hall both have a fixed time, but the time is fixed by the director and the players, the conductor and the instrumentalists, subject, therefore, to much variation, as record collectors well know.

The time of the motion picture is fixed absolutely.

Each scene is shot straight through, as had been the universal custom, from a camera fixed in a single position, but in the outdoor scenes, especially in the capture and destruction of the outlaws, Porter's camera position breaks, necessarily, with the camera position standard until then, which had been, roughly, that of a spectator in a center orchestra seat at a play.

The Plus Two remain at a fixed position with drums and guitar but the quartet covers the stage with a batch of instruments ranging from tuba to tambourine, and the beat is solid.

The separate assumptions of the textbook model imply that the errors are independently, identically, and normally distributed for fixed effects models, that is, that the errors (' s ) are independent and

The position of the Arctic Circle is not fixed, but directly depends on the Earth's axial tilt, which fluctuates within a margin of 2 ° over a 40, 000 year period, notably due to tidal forces resulting from the orbit of the Moon.

Its triple point temperature of 83. 8058 K is a defining fixed point in the International Temperature Scale of 1990.

Copyright law has been amended time and time again since the inception of the law to extend the length of this fixed period where the work is exclusively controlled by the copyright holder.

The publisher of a work might receive a percentage calculated on a wholesale or a specific price and or a fixed amount on each book that is sold.

As the speed of light in meters per second ( c < sub > 0 </ sub >) is fixed in the International System of Units, this measurement of the speed of light in AU / d ( c < sub > AU </ sub >) also determines the value of the astronomical unit in meters ( A ):

This is because the distance between the Earth and the Sun is not fixed ( it varies between AU and AU ) and, when the Earth is closer to the Sun ( perihelion ), the Sun's gravitational field is stronger and the Earth is moving faster along its orbital path.

The positions of atoms or molecules occur on repeating fixed distances, determined by the unit cell parameters.

According to Fahrenheit's 1724 article, he determined his scale by reference to three fixed points of temperature.

The addition of the leap month ( Adar II ) is determined by observing in Israel the ripening of barley at a specific stage ( defined by Karaite tradition ) ( called aviv ), rather than using the calculated and fixed calendar of Rabbinic Judaism.

Unlike defendants who are found guilty of a crime, they are not institutionalized for a fixed period, but rather held in the institution until they are determined not to be a threat.

Around the beginning of the 20th century astronomers noticed a small apparent " variation of latitude ," as determined for a fixed point on Earth from the observation of stars.

Parimutuel betting differs from fixed-odds betting in that the final payout is not determined until the pool is closed – in fixed odds betting, the payout is agreed at the time the bet is sold.

In mathematics, the polar coordinate system is a two-dimensional coordinate system in which each point on a plane is determined by a distance from a fixed point and an angle from a fixed direction.

The sections were not fixed but were determined by placement of a movable sign.

In such an arrangement, the generator's angular speed is fixed by the grid's frequency, and the power output of the plant is determined by the torque applied to the generator's axis of rotation.

The etymology cannot be accurately determined, for historically the groups it denoted were not ethnically fixed, since it denoted a political rather than a tribal identity, or was used originally to refer to just one group among several, the others calling themselves Toquz Oghuz.

This Act changed the rules for the redistribution of seats in the Canadian House of Commons so that Quebec was allocated the fixed number of 75 seats, while other the number of seats allocated to each of the other provinces would always be determined based upon the sizes of their populations in comparison with that of Quebec.

Although overall cannabinoid production is influenced by environmental factors, the THC / CBD ratio is genetically determined and remains fixed throughout the life of a plant.

.. as no periodicity of the assembly was fixed, the king determined when and where it was to meet, for the most part choosing places under his immediate control ; he presided, spoke first, put his questions, proposed his bills, and finally dismissed the witan.

Agreements with Liberia in 1892 and with Britain in 1893 determined the eastern and western boundaries of the colony, but the northern boundary was not fixed until 1947 because of efforts by the French government to attach parts of Upper Volta ( present-day Burkina Faso ) and French Sudan ( present-day Mali ) to Côte d ' Ivoire for economic and administrative reasons.

Some advocates for the rights of sexual minorities resist linking that cause with the concept that sexuality is biologically determined or fixed at birth.

The VLIW approach, on the other hand, executes operations in parallel based on a fixed schedule determined when programs are compiled.

Since only the level spacing is determined by the correspondence principle, you could always add a small fixed offset to the quantum number --- L could just as well have been.

Interpreting code is slower than running the compiled code because the interpreter must analyze each statement in the program each time it is executed and then perform the desired action, whereas the compiled code just performs the action within a fixed context determined by the compilation.

The terms of the bond, such as the coupon, are fixed in advance and the price is determined by the market.

Either the company, with the help of its lead managers, fixes a price ( fixed price method ) or the price can be determined through analysis of confidential investor demand data, compiled by the bookrunner.

Since 2005, the renminbi exchange rate has been allowed to float in a narrow margin around a fixed base rate determined with reference to a basket of world currencies.

The quantity of gas is determined by Meisner and Kim formula with using the moisture content, volatile content, volume of gas adsorbed on wet coal, fixed carbon, thickness of coal and temperature.

The holiday for Flora ( as officially determined by Julius Caesar when he fixed the Roman caediles.

The territorial boundaries claimed as sovereign and controlled by the Native American nations living in what was then known as the Indian Territories — the portion of the early United States east of the Mississippi River not yet claimed or allotted to become Oklahoma -- were fixed and determined by national treaties with the United States Federal government under terms recognizing these entities as dependent but internally sovereign, or autonomous nations under the sole jurisdiction of the Federal government.