Comparing the two formulae it can be seen that for a given compression ratio (), the ideal Otto cycle will be more efficient.

And the ideal Otto cycle formula stated above does not include throttling losses, which do not apply to Diesel engines.

Since the Otto cycle is an isentropic process the isentropic equations of ideal gases and the constant pressure / volume relations can be used to yield Equations 3 & 4.

Needing no oxidants and being a stable substance makes Otto fuel ideal for use in the constrained environment of a submarine.

Dense vegetation ( such as that of tropical rainforests ) and urban habitats are not ideal for the establishment of the human transmission cycle.

The image on the left shows a p-V diagram for the ideal Diesel cycle ; where is pressure and is specific volume.

The ideal Diesel cycle follows the following four distinct processes ( The color references refer to the color of the line on the diagram.

Since very few actual implementations of heat engines exactly match their underlying thermodynamic cycles, one could say that a thermodynamic cycle is an ideal case of a mechanical engine.

The ideal thermodynamic cycle used to analyze this process is called the Rankine cycle.

The CIRUS was an ideal facility to develop the plutonium bomb, therefore Nehru had refused to accept the nuclear fuel from Canada, and started the programme to develop the ingenious nuclear fuel cycle.

In an ideal pulse train ( one having rectangular pulses ), the duty cycle is the pulse duration divided by the pulse period.

The above discussion is based on the ideal vapor-compression refrigeration cycle, and does not take into account real-world effects like frictional pressure drop in the system, slight thermodynamic irreversibility during the compression of the refrigerant vapor, or non-ideal gas behavior ( if any ).

The novels of the Culture cycle, therefore, mostly deal with people at the fringes of the Culture: diplomats, spies, or mercenaries ; those who interact with other civilizations, and who do the Culture's dirty work in moving those societies closer to the Culture ideal, sometimes by force.

Their total life cycle can be as short as one year, but may be several years in ideal conditions.

In his ideal model, the heat of caloric converted into work could be reinstated by reversing the motion of the cycle, a concept subsequently known as thermodynamic reversibility.

( The limit cycle of an ideal pendulum is not an example of a limit cycle attractor because its orbits are not isolated: in the phase space of the ideal pendulum, near any point of a periodic orbit there is another point that belongs to a different periodic orbit, so the former orbit is not attracting ).

The use of this technology to replace larger vapor-compression refrigeration units, which typically achieve performance coefficients of 60 % of that of a theoretical ideal Carnot cycle is unlikely in the near term.

Professor Israel Urieli writes: "... the various ' ideal ' cycles ( such as the Schmidt cycle ) are neither physically realizable nor representative of the Stirling cycle "

This is known as an " ideal Stirling cycle ", because it is an " idealized " model, and not necessarily an optimized cycle.

Theoretically, the " ideal cycle " does have high net work output, but it is rarely used in practical applications, in part because other cycles are simpler or reduce peak stresses on bearings and other components.

For Plato, `` imitation '' is twice removed from reality, being a poor copy of physical appearance, which in itself is a poor copy of ideal essence.

In short, the fictional private eye is a specialized version of Adam Smith's ideal entrepreneur, the man whose private ambitions must always and everywhere promote the public welfare.

Thus the cocktail party would appear to be the ideal system, but there is one weakness.

Again, Henley's attitude of defiance which colors his ideal of self-mastery is far from characteristic of a Stoic thinker like Marcus Aurelius, whose gentle acquiescence is almost Christian, comparable to the patience expressed in Milton's sonnet on his own blindness.

But the most fundamental objection he has to poets appears in the Tenth Book, and it is derived from his doctrine of ideal forms.

In Plato's mind there is an irresolvable conflict between the poet and the philosopher, because the poet imitates only particular objects and is incapable of rising to the first level of abstraction, much less the highest level of ideal forms.

True reality, of course, is the ideal, and the poet knows nothing of this ; ;

Even in such technical curricula as engineering, the senior is much more likely than the freshman to choose, as an ideal, liberal education over specific vocational preparation.

The old ideal of the independent entrepreneur is extant -- but so is the recognition that the main chance may be in a corporate bureaucracy.

On the other hand, the bright vision of the future has been directly stated in science fiction concerned with projecting ideal societies -- science fiction, of course, is related, if sometimes distantly, to that utopian literature optimistic about science, literature whose period of greatest vigor in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries produced Edward Bellamy's Looking Backward and H. G. Wells's A Modern Utopia.

But the only ideal he can think of is `` Sales ''!!

Many of these aspects will be seen as comparable to those of the ideal detective, but where the detective is active and militant, the jazz musician is passive, almost a victim of society.

Old Chris is my ideal.

The ideal girl -- possessed of talent, poise, intelligence, personality and beauty of face and figure -- is chosen each year to represent Rhode Island.

Minnesota, fabled land of waters, is in itself, ideal vacationland, having within its borders 10,000 lakes!!

The great absorbency of this tissue and the fact that it is easier to control than a sponge makes it an ideal tool for the watercolorist.

It is appropriate to call attention to certain thermodynamic properties of an ideal gas that are analogous to rubber-like deformation.

The internal energy of an ideal gas depends on temperature only and is independent of pressure or volume.

In other words, if an ideal gas is compressed and kept at constant temperature, the work done in compressing it is completely converted into heat and transferred to the surrounding heat sink.

For example, they might interpret a tomato as a vegetable — according to the English definition of tomato — even though the ideal Blissymbol of vegetable was restricted by Bliss to just vegetables growing underground.

For example, the same techniques used to model ideal gases can be applied to model the behavior of a hard sphere colloidal suspension.

For example, to synthesize iso-octane ( the 8-carbon ideal gasoline ) from the unfunctionalized alkane isobutane ( a 4-carbon gas ), isobutane is first dehydrogenated into isobutene.

* ( for ideal mixtures ) is the concentration in dimensions of of substance ) length < sup >− 3 </ sup >, example

Plato's theory of forms or " ideas " describes ideal forms ( for example the platonic solids in geometry or abstracts like Goodness and Justice ), as universals existing independently of any particular instance.

Parabolic reflectors resolve this, allowing incoming parallel rays ( for example, light from a distant star ) to be focused to a small spot ; almost an ideal point.

* Z: the ring of all polynomials with integer coefficients --- it is not principal because the ideal generated by 2 and X is an example of an ideal that cannot be generated by a single polynomial.

An example of a principal ideal domain that is not a Euclidean domain is the ring

For example, the direct sum of the R < sub > i </ sub > form an ideal not contained in any such A, but the axiom of choice gives that it is contained in some maximal ideal which is a fortiori prime.

Silver's catalytic properties make it ideal for use as a catalyst in oxidation reactions, for example, the production of formaldehyde from methanol and air by means of silver screens or crystallites containing a minimum 99. 95 weight-percent silver.

For example, for an electromagnetic wave, if the box has ideal metal walls, the condition for nodes at the walls results because the metal walls cannot support a tangential electric field, forcing the wave to have zero amplitude at the wall.

For example, the speed of light can be determined from observation of standing waves in a metal box containing an ideal vacuum.

For example, one mol of an ideal gas occupies 22. 414 L at 0 ° C and 1 atmosphere whereas carbon dioxide has a molar volume of 22. 259 L under those same conditions.

Instead, the ruler needs only to make himself respectful, and the people will be induced and enlightened by his superior virtues to follow his example – an ideal known as wuwei.

For example, the sampling process in any standard image sensor ( CCD or CMOS camera ) is relatively far from the ideal sampling which would measure the image intensity at a single point.

For example, verisimilitude defined that characters were to based upon the ideal of a type, versus what might be considered realistic.

For example, if 50 % of a system's user base will be accessing the system via a 56K modem connection and the other half over a T1, then the load injectors ( computers that simulate real users ) should either inject load over the same mix of connections ( ideal ) or simulate the network latency of such connections, following the same user profile.

In contrast, the ideal sanity test exercises the smallest subset of application functions needed to determine whether the application logic is generally functional and correct ( for example, an interest rate calculation for a financial application ).

Resistive Ballooning Mode, similar to ideal ballooning, but with finite resistivity taken into consideration, provides another example of a resistive instability.

The true period of an ideal simple gravity pendulum can be written in several different forms ( see Pendulum ( mathematics ) ), one example being the infinite series:

For example, conducting multiple instrument approaches in the actual aircraft may require significant time spent repositioning the aircraft, while in a simulation, as soon as one approach has been completed, the instructor can immediately preposition the simulated aircraft to an ideal ( or less than ideal ) location from which to begin the next approach.

For example, given an ideal gas mixture of nitrogen ( N < sub > 2 </ sub >), hydrogen ( H < sub > 2 </ sub >) and ammonia ( NH < sub > 3 </ sub >):