The early history of the synagogue is obscure, but it seems to be an institution developed for public Jewish worship during the Babylonian captivity when the Jews ( and Jewish Proselytes ) did not have access to a Temple ( the First Temple having been destroyed c. 586 BC ) for ritual sacrifice.

Romans did not mark same-sex relations as " homosexual " if an adult male used a slave or prostitute, characteristically a youth, as his passive partner ( see Homosexuality in ancient Rome ); these relations, however, were expected to play a secondary role to marriage, within which institution an adult male demonstrated his masculine authority as head of household ( paterfamilias ).

He said he did not wish to be " transformed " by such an award, and did not want to take sides in an East vs. West cultural struggle by accepting an award from a prominent Western cultural institution.

His leadership style was however, quite different than that of ` Abdu ' l-Bahá, in that he signed his letters to the Bahá ' ís as " your true brother ", and he did not refer to his own personal role, but instead to the institution of the guardianship.

While he did ultimately leave his fortunes to the " Collegiate School within His Majesties Colony of Connecticot ", the institution was never able to successfully lay claim to it.

This did not apply to the institution of slavery in its Caribbean colonies.

In his work on Alfred the Great, historian David Sturdy argues that the witan did not embody modern notions of a ' national institution ' or a ' democratic ' body: Victorian notions of a national ' witan ' are crazy dreams without foundation, myths of a ' democratic parliament ' that never was.

Although his brother John was well known as an antislavery congressman, Sherman did not oppose slavery and was sympathetic to Southerners ' defense of the institution.

Recently some scholars, such as Robert A. Oden, Stephanie Lynn Budin and others, have questioned whether sacred prostitution, as an institution whereby women and men sold sex for the profit of deities and temples, did in fact ever actually exist at all.

Pete Harrison, a respected journalist, suggested that the Senate pass a bill allowing theater owners to refuse to show films that “ were not in the best interest of our country .” That did not happen, but one of the ways that some senators attempted to retaliate for the damage they felt the film had done to the reputation of their institution was by pushing the passage of the Neely Anti-Block Booking Bill, which eventually led to the breakup of the studio-owned theater chains in the late 1940s.

It was at once evident to Rivers that " the names applied to the various forms of blood relationship did not correspond to those used by Europeans, but belonged to what is known as a ' classificatory system '; a man's ' brothers ' or ' sisters ' might include individuals we should call cousins and the key to this nomenclature is to be found in forms of social organisation especially in varieties of the institution of marriage.

Because Binet did not have any formalized graduate study in psychology, he did not hold a professorship with a prestigious institution where students and funds would be sure to perpetuate his work ( Siegler, 1992 ).

In the will, which was written in 1826, Smithson stated that Hungerford or Hungerford's children would receive his inheritance, and if Hungerford did not live, and had no children to receive the fortune, he would donate it to the United States to have an educational institution called the Smithsonian Institution founded.

" Mr. Johnny " negotiated with the state of North Carolina for the institution of a public ferry to reach the island, but he did not live to see the ferry begin operation in 1934.

Greyfriars occupied a unique position in Oxford, in that its University Hall and Franciscan friary were part of the same institution and coexisted on the same site — however, the friars were not usually members of the academic hall ( though this was not without exception ), nor were the students actually affiliated to the friary ( the two groups did, however, mingle, most notably at mealtimes ).

He was the one major player from The Wizard of Oz who did not live to see the film become both a television fixture and an American institution.

The fact that the government had commissioned the charter did not transform the school into a civil institution.

Clarence attended Allegheny College and the University of Michigan Law School but did not graduate from either institution.

Since its disassociation with the palace, silat did not develop in the national defence institution and returned to the countryside.

However this attempted federation did not function in practice, as each institution continued to operate more or less independently.

“ Woofies ” were not authorized by the GLBA because of a dispute between Senator Phil Gramm and the Clinton Administration over the application of the Community Reinvestment Act to “ woofies .” In their October 1999 compromise on CRA provisions in the GLBA, the Clinton Administration agreed with Gramm that CRA would not apply to woofies so long as only a company that did not then own any FDIC insured depository institution would be permitted to qualify as a “ wholesale financial institution .” The Clinton Administration wanted this restriction to prevent existing bank holding companies from disposing of their FDIC insured banks to qualify as “ woofies ,” which could reduce the deposit base subject to CRA requirements.

The modern academic system of academic degrees evolved and expanded in the medieval university, spreading everywhere across the globe as the institution did:

In 1917, solar astronomer George Ellery Hale convinced Millikan to begin spending several months each year at the Throop College of Technology, a small academic institution in Pasadena, California that Hale wished to transform into a major center for scientific research and education.

Before actual construction of the building could begin, American Fletcher became the first major Indianapolis bank holding company to be sold to an out-of-state financial institution, agreeing in the spring of 1986 to merge with Ohio's rapidly growing Bank One Corporation.

) Eight days after the opening of LaGrange College, the Alabama Legislature issued a charter for the institution, making it the first state-chartered institution to begin operation in Alabama.

As part of the movement, Bo and the city's Media Department initiated a " Red Songs campaign " that demanded every district, government department, commercial enterprise, educational institution, state radio and TV station begin singing ' red songs ' praising the achievements of the Communist Party of China.

Following this period, the team chair will begin preparation of a draft statement to the institution ; this statement undergoes extensive editing and will typically be provided to the institution several months after the visit.

The Open University, together with the other Israeli universities, has reached agreements that enable students to begin their undergraduate studies within the flexible framework of the Open University and after taking a cluster of courses, decide whether they would like to complete their degree at the Open University, or transfer to another institution.

In the 2012-13 season, Alfred State will begin the process of becoming a NCAA Division III institution.

Furthermore, as can be seen in the history of the labor movement and many religious sects, a social movement may begin as collective behavior but over time become firmly established as a social institution.

When one institution disappears, Sunnydale residents begin to depend more heavily on the others.

Ireland's largest bank AIB will be the last and final institution to drop Laser / Maestro, and is expected to begin the rapid replacement of all of its debit cards in October 2012.

The hegemon would begin to undermine the institution when it is not in their interests.

The institution will begin offering freshman and sophomore classes in fall 2014.

To accommodate the expanded institution, a new school building was built on the former Clementi Town Primary site, allowing the school to begin occupying the site from January 2003.

During the Mexican-American War, U. S. troops sacked and destroyed some of its buildings and orchards and in 1856, the institution had to begin to partition and sell some of its lands.

* Every collecting institution must develop an emergency plan to protect its collections and train staff to carry it out.

These reforms included guarantees to ensure the Ottoman subjects perfect security for their lives, honour, and property ; the introduction of the first Ottoman paper banknotes ( 1840 ) and opening of the first post offices ( 1840 ); the reorganization of the finance system according to the French model ( 1840 ); the reorganization of the Civil and Criminal Code according to the French model ( 1840 ); the establishment of the Meclis-i Maarif-i Umumiye ( 1841 ) which was the prototype of the First Ottoman Parliament ( 1876 ); the reorganization of the army and a regular method of recruiting, levying the army, and fixing the duration of military service ( 1843 – 44 ); the adoption of an Ottoman national anthem and Ottoman national flag ( 1844 ); the first nationwide Ottoman census in 1844 ( only male citizens were counted ); the first national identity cards ( officially named the Mecidiye identity papers, or informally kafa kağıdı ( head paper ) documents, 1844 ); the institution of a Council of Public Instruction ( 1845 ) and the Ministry of Education ( Mekatib-i Umumiye Nezareti, 1847, which later became the Maarif Nezareti, 1857 ); the abolition of slavery and slave trade ( 1847 ); the establishment of the first modern universities ( darülfünun, 1848 ), academies ( 1848 ) and teacher schools ( darülmuallimin, 1848 ); establishment of the Ministry of Healthcare ( Tıbbiye Nezareti, 1850 ); the Commerce and Trade Code ( 1850 ); establishment of the Academy of Sciences ( Encümen-i Daniş, 1851 ); establishment of the Şirket-i Hayriye which operated the first steam-powered commuter ferries ( 1851 ); the first European style courts ( Meclis-i Ahkam-ı Adliye, 1853 ) and supreme judiciary council ( Meclis-i Ali-yi Tanzimat, 1853 ); establishment of the modern Municipality of Istanbul ( Şehremaneti, 1854 ) and the City Planning Council ( İntizam-ı Şehir Komisyonu, 1855 ); the abolition of the capitation ( Jizya ) tax on non-Muslims, with a regular method of establishing and collecting taxes ( 1856 ); non-Muslims were allowed to become soldiers ( 1856 ); various provisions for the better administration of the public service and advancement of commerce ; the establishment of the first telegraph networks ( 1847 – 1855 ) and railroads ( 1856 ); the replacement of guilds with factories ; the establishment of the Ottoman Central Bank ( originally established as the Bank-ı Osmanî in 1856, and later reorganized as the Bank-ı Osmanî-i Şahane in 1863 ) and the Ottoman Stock Exchange ( Dersaadet Tahvilat Borsası, established in 1866 ); the Land Code ( Arazi Kanunnamesi, 1857 ); permission for private sector publishers and printing firms with the Serbesti-i Kürşad Nizamnamesi ( 1857 ); establishment of the School of Economical and Political Sciences ( Mekteb-i Mülkiye, 1859 ); the Press and Journalism Regulation Code ( Matbuat Nizamnamesi, 1864 ); among others.

A fundraising party, or fundraiser, is a party that is held for the purpose of collecting money that will be given to some person or to some institution, such as a school, charity, business, or political campaign.

The orphanage director Sabine Zlatin survived the Gestapo raid, being away collecting funds for the institution.

The Irish Museum of Modern Art () also known as IMMA, is Ireland's leading national institution exhibiting and collecting modern and contemporary art.

An institutional repository is an online locus for collecting, preserving, and disseminating-in digital form-the intellectual output of an institution, particularly a research institution.

Article 111 prohibits stealing, secretly collecting, purchasing, or illegally providing state secrets or intelligence to an organization, institution, or personnel outside the country.