This conflation of the old accusative, dative, instrumental, and ( after prepositions ) genitive cases is the oblique case.

The ablative case has 15 uses, descending from three Proto-Indo-European cases: ablative ( from ), instrumental ( with ), and locative ( in / at ).

Erin Brockovich-Ellis ( born June 22, 1960 ) is an American legal clerk and environmental activist who, despite the lack of a formal law school education, or any legal education, was instrumental in constructing a case against the Pacific Gas and Electric Company ( PG & E ) of California in 1993.

Languages such as Ancient Greek, Latin, and Sanskrit had ways of altering or inflecting nouns to mark roles which are not specially marked in English, such as the ablative case (" John kicked the ball away from the house ") and the instrumental case (" John kicked the ball with his foot ").

* The instrumental case indicates an object used in performing an action: We wiped the floor with a mop.

The instrumental case was somewhat rare and occurred only in the masculine and neuter singular ; it could typically be replaced by the dative.

It is also used as an instrumental case in Finnish.

In modern Finnish, many of its instrumental uses are being superseded by the adessive case, as in " minä matkustin junalla " → " I travelled by train.

The comitative case ( abbreviated ), also known as the associative case ( abbreviated ), is a grammatical case that denotes companionship, and is used where English would typically use preposition " with " in the sense of " in company with " or " together with " ( other uses of " with ," e. g. with the meaning of " using ," " by means of " ( I cut bread with a knife ) would correspond to the instrumental case or related cases ).

The meaning " by way of " of the case labelled prolative in the above languages is expressed in Basque by means of the instrumental ( suffix-z ).

Peri's Euridice opens with a brief instrumental ritornello, and Monteverdi's L ' Orfeo ( 1607 ) opens with a toccata, in this case a fanfare for muted trumpets.

It was also attached to instrumental music, though this is no longer the case.

Though scat singing is improvised, the melodic lines are often variations on scale and arpeggio fragments, stock patterns and riffs, as is the case with instrumental improvisers as well as singers.

* " Non-voluntary " or " non willing " actions ( ouk ekousion ) which are bad actions done by choice, or more generally ( as in the case of animals and children when desire or spirit causes an action ) whenever " the source of the moving of the parts that are instrumental in such actions is in oneself " and anything " up to oneself either to do or not ".

Ludwig van Beethoven's " Ode to Joy " melody is already the official anthem of the European Union ( in that case purely instrumental without lyrics ), the melody is widely recognized and easily performed, in the public domain, and originally composed for voice.

Habermas is critical of pure instrumental rationality, arguing that the " Social Life – World " is better suited to literary expression, the former being " intersubjectively accessible experiences " that can be generalized in a formal language, while the latter " must generate an intersubjectivity of mutual understanding in each concrete case ":

The instrumental (- by means of, by using ) was also treated as a case in Dumézil ( 1975 ).

The bishop opens the enquiry on the presumed miracle in which the depositions of the eyewitnesses questioned by a duly constituted court are gathered, as well as the complete clinical and instrumental documentation inherent to the case.

The first is an instrumental, while the second is abbreviated, tapering off as it does in the film.

Beautiful music ( sometimes abbreviated as BM, B / EZ or BM / EZ for beautiful music / easy listening ) is a mostly instrumental music format that was prominent in American radio from the 1960s through the 1980s.

Sound Tribe Sector 9 ( abbreviated as STS9 ) is an instrumental band known whose sound is based heavily on instrumental rock and electronic music, funk, jazz, drum and bass, psychedelia, and hip hop.

An abbreviated version of the instrumental 17-minute title composition ( with added vocals courtesy of Kim Gordon ) appears on the group's 1998 album A Thousand Leaves ( DGC ) as the song " The Ineffable Me ".

The opening instrumental was largely done away with by 1980 ; no later Project album except Eye in the Sky featured one ( although every album includes at least one instrumental somewhere in the running order ).

Bolometric magnitude corresponds to luminosity, expressed in magnitude units ; that is, after taking into account all electromagnetic wavelengths, including those unobserved due to instrumental pass-band, the Earth's atmospheric absorption, or extinction by interstellar dust.

The later Neapolitan operas ( L ' amor volubile e tiranno 1709 ; La principessa fedele 1710 ; Tigrane, 1714, & c .) are showy and effective rather than profoundly emotional ; the instrumentation marks a great advance on previous work, since the main duty of accompanying the voice is thrown upon the string quartet, the harpsichord being reserved exclusively for the noisy instrumental ritornelli.

The effort has focused on changes observed during the period of instrumental temperature record, when records are most reliable ; particularly on the last 50 years, when human activity has grown fastest and observations of the troposphere have become available.

Other key traditional pop and jazz ballads include: " Body and Soul " by Johnny Green ; " Misty " by Erroll Garner ; " The Man I Love " by George Gershwin ; " My Funny Valentine " by Rodgers and Hart, " God Bless the Child " by Billie Holiday, " Ev ' ry Time We Say Goodbye " by Cole Porter, the instrumental ballad " Naima " by John Coltrane, " In a Sentimental Mood " by Duke Ellington and " Always " by Irving Berlin.

When Haydn and Mozart began composing, symphonies were played as single movements — before, between, or as interludes within other works — and many of them lasted only ten or twelve minutes ; instrumental groups had varying standards of playing, and the continuo was a central part of music-making.

The empire also had to deal with Japanese pirates attacking the southeastern coastline ; General Qi Jiguang was instrumental in defeating these pirates.

During World War II, he worked for the Admiralty Research Laboratory, from which emerged a group of many notable scientists, including David Bates, Robert Boyd, George Deacon, John Gunn, Harrie Massey, and Nevill Mott ; he worked on the design of magnetic and acoustic mines, and was instrumental in designing a new mine that was effective against German minesweepers.

In 1890, Cantor was instrumental in founding the Deutsche Mathematiker-Vereinigung and chaired its first meeting in Halle in 1891, where he first introduced his diagonal argument ; his reputation was strong enough, despite Kronecker's opposition to his work, to ensure he was elected as the first president of this society.

Although unsuccessful, the discussions between the two were instrumental in Boccaccio writing the Genealogia deorum gentilium ; the first edition was completed in 1360 and this would remain one of the key reference works on classical mythology for over 400 years.

The following year he began publishing his music ; four collections of instrumental pieces appeared within the next three years, and many more publications would follow.

Flat Eric featured in the video for Mr. Oizo's " Flat Beat " in 1999 ; the puppet and instrumental UK number one were popularised through use in advert for Levi Strauss & Co. | Levi's Sta-Prest jeans.

An instrumental is a musical composition or recording without lyrics, or singing, although it might include some non-articulate vocal input ; the music is primarily or exclusively produced by musical instruments.

; but the greater proportion of his works, vocal and instrumental, exists only in manuscript.

Moon was credited as composer of " I Need You ", which he also sang, and the instrumental " Cobwebs and Strange " ( from the album A Quick One, 1966 ), the single B-sides " In The City " ( co-written by Moon and Entwistle ), " Dogs Part Two " ( 1969 ) ( sharing credits with Townshend's and Entwistle's dogs, Towser and Jason ), " Tommy's Holiday Camp " ( 1969 ), " Waspman " ( 1972 ), and " Girl's Eyes " ( from The Who Sell Out sessions ; featured on Thirty Years of Maximum R & B and a 1995 re-release of The Who Sell Out ).

However, Sennett enjoyed great success with short comedies starring Bing Crosby ; these films were probably instrumental in Sennett's product being picked up by a major studio, Paramount Pictures.

Weber presented sociology as the science of human social action ; action which he separated into traditional, affectional, value-rational and instrumental.

Lully's motets often included parts for soloists as well as choirs ; they were longer, including multiple movements in which different soloist, choral, or instrumental forces were employed.

* Nicolo Paganini Discography: Exhaustive list of recordings ( coarse-and micro-groove records, CD, SACD, VHS & DVD ) arranged under 12 instrumental sections ; includes index of artists, selected album covers & detailed composition list

Tim Berners-Lee used a NeXT Computer in 1991 to create the first web browser and web server ; accordingly, NeXT was instrumental in the development of the World Wide Web.