In Imperial Chinese protocol, the kowtow was performed before the Emperor of China.

For example, at a wedding, the marrying couple was traditionally required to kowtow to both sets of parents, as acknowledgement of the debt owed for their nurturing.

The kowtow was often performed in intra-Asian diplomatic relations as well.

When approaching the Imperial throne, one was expected to kowtow before the Emperor.

This was not due to Macartney's refusal to kowtow in the presence of the Qianlong Emperor, as is commonly believed.

He was not required to kowtow like other visitors, but still had to kneel before the Emperor ; and he received a seal.

The kowtow was traditionally the highest sign of reverence in Han Chinese culture but its use has been extremely rare since the collapse of Imperial China.

Chapelle was a tiny woman known for her refusal to kowtow to authority and her signature uniform: fatigues, an Australian bush hat, dramatic Harlequin glasses, and pearl earrings.

In the most solemn of ceremonies, for example at the coronation of a new Emperor, the Emperor's subjects would undertake the ceremony of the " three kneelings and nine kowtows ", the so-called grand kowtow, which involves kneeling from a standing position three times, and each time, performing the kowtow three times while kneeling.

In extreme cases, the kowtow can be used to express profound gratitude, apology, or to beg for forgiveness.

Also, some Buddhist pilgrims would kowtow once for every three steps made during their long journeys.

His stunned companions wanted to kowtow for the great honour but to do so would have revealed the identity of the emperor.

Every morning, the Qiang family will burn incense sticks or cedar twigs in the pagoda and kowtow to it, praying for the protection of the family by the god of the white stone.

The British diplomats were never in favour of performing kowtow to the Emperor of China.

He could not kneel and kowtow to the emperor since that would reveal the emperor's identity so he bent his fingers on the table to express his gratitude and respect to the emperor.

As government officials represented the majesty of the Emperor while carrying out their duties, commoners were also required to kowtow to them in formal situations.

For example, a commoner brought before a local magistrate would be required to kneel and kowtow.

Since one is required by Confucian philosophy to show great reverence to one's parents and grandparents, children may also be required to kowtow to their elderly ancestors, particularly on special occasions.

Dutch ambassador Isaac Titsingh did not refuse to kowtow during the course of his 1794-1795 mission to the Imperial Court of Emperor Qianlong.

Lord Macartney salutes Emperor Qianlong, but refused to kowtow.

For example, some, but not all, people would choose to kowtow before the grave of an ancestor, or while making traditional offerings to an ancestor.

The kowtow is often performed in groups of three before Buddhist statues and images or tombs of the dead.

Then family members start take turns to kowtow three to nine times ( depending on the family adherence to traditional values ) before the tomb of the ancestors.

The emperor tried to stress Tibet's subservient role, although the Dalai Lama refused to kowtow to him.

In Han Chinese culture, the kowtow is the highest sign of reverence.

In modern times, usage of the kowtow has become much reduced.

Depending on the solemnity of the situation different grades of kowtow would be used.

Immanuel Hsu describes the " full kowtow " as " three kneelings and nine knockings of the head on the ground.

Because the body is placed in a low position in the kowtow, the idea is that one will naturally convert to his or her mind a feeling of respect.

The kowtow, and other traditional forms of reverence, were much maligned after the May Fourth Movement.

Today, only vestiges of the traditional usage of the kowtow remain.

In many situations, the standing bow has replaced the kowtow.

Direct descendants may also kowtow at the funeral of an ancestor, while others would simply bow.

During a wedding, some couples may kowtow to their respective parents, though the standing bow is today more common.

The kowtow remains alive as part of a formal induction ceremony in certain traditional trades that involve apprenticeship or discipleship.

For example, Chinese martial arts schools often require a student to kowtow to a master.

Likewise, traditional performing arts often also require the kowtow.

Neither the vibrant enthusiasm which bespeaks a people's intuitive sense of the fitness of things at climactic moments nor the vital argumentation betraying its sense that something significant has transpired was in evidence.

It need hardly be remarked that Thompson was not generally known for his scrupulosity about keeping his social engagements, which makes his irritation in this letter all the more significant.

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Indeed their achievement scores were somewhat better on an absolute basis although the difference was not significant.

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Since the psychiatric interview, like any other interview, depends on communication, it is significant to note that the therapist in this interview was a man of marked skill and long experience.

If he is not told which of four or five readings was meant for him, he can more readily assess each item in a larger frame: `` Does that statement really sound as if it were for me, significant in my particular life??

One medium saw two sheets flapping on a line and found that the name Shietz was significant to the sitter.

In any case, anyone who fails to make significant distinction between primary and secondary applications of economic pressure would in principle already have justified that use of economic boycott as a means which broke out a few years ago or was skillfully organized by White Citizens' Councils in the entire state of Mississippi against every local Philco dealer in that state, in protest against a Philco-sponsored program over a national TV network on which was presented a drama showing, it seemed, a `` high yellow gal '' smooching with a white man.

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Generally, there is no trial in an appellate court, only consideration of the record of the evidence presented to the trial court and all the pre-trial and trial court proceedings are reviewed — unless the appeal is by way of re-hearing, new evidence will usually only be considered on appeal in " very " rare instances, for example if that material evidence was unavailable to a party for some very significant reason such as prosecutorial misconduct.

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This oversight was addressed in the game's sequel, Asteroids Deluxe, and led to significant changes in the way game developers designed and tested their games in the future.

Gelignite was more stable, transportable and conveniently formed to fit into bored holes, like those used in drilling and mining, than the previously used compounds and was adopted as the standard technology for mining in the Age of Engineering bringing Nobel a great amount of financial success, though at a significant cost to his health.

The group of elements is more diverse than the lanthanides and therefore it was not until 1945 that Glenn T. Seaborg proposed the most significant change to Mendeleev's periodic table, by introducing the actinides.

A second German edition was published in 1913, containing theologically significant revisions and expansions: but this revised edition did not appear in English until 2001.

In the 1910s and 1920s, agrarianism garnered significant popular attention, but was eclipsed in the postwar period.

Still, the Bohr model's use of quantized angular momenta and therefore quantized energy levels was a significant step towards the understanding of electrons in atoms, and also a significant step towards the development of quantum mechanics in suggesting that quantized restraints must account for all discontinuous energy levels and spectra in atoms.