A classic application for a pair of class-A devices is the long-tailed pair, which is exceptionally linear, and forms the basis of many more complex circuits, including many audio amplifiers and almost all op-amps.

Its input stage used a long-tailed triode pair with loads matched to reduce drift in the output and, far more importantly, it was the first op-amp design to have two inputs ( one inverting, the other non-inverting ).

A common circuit using this last technique is the long-tailed pair, often seen in television sets and oscilloscopes.

The long-tailed pair was originally implemented using a pair of vacuum tubes.

The earliest circuit that is truly recognizable as a long-tailed pair in its conventional form is given by Matthews ( 1934 ) and the same circuit form appears in a patent submitted by Alan Blumlein in 1936.

The long-tailed pair was very successfully used in early British computing, most notably the Pilot ACE Model and descendants, Wilkes ' EDSAC, and probably others designed by people who worked with Blumlein or his peers.

The long-tailed pair has many attributes as a switch: largely immune to tube ( transistor ) variations ( of great importance when machines contained 1, 000 or more tubes ), high gain, gain stability, high input impedance, medium / low output impedance, good clipper ( with not-too-long tail ), non-inverting ( EDSAC contained no inverters!

A differential ( long-tailed, emitter-coupled ) pair amplifier consists of two amplifying stages with common ( emitter, source or cathode ) degeneration.

Figure 2: A classic long-tailed pair

Figure 3: An improved long-tailed pair with current mirror | current-mirror load and constant-current biasing

In discrete electronics, a common arrangement for implementing a differential amplifier is the long-tailed pair, which is also usually found as the differential element in most op-amp integrated circuits.

A long-tailed pair can be used as an analog multiplier with the differential voltage as one input and the biasing current as another.

In more primitive, long-tailed pterosaurs (" rhamphorhynchoids ") such as Rhamphorhynchus, the average growth rate during the first year of life was 130 % to 173 %, slightly faster than the growth rate of alligators.

The Philippine Eagle was known initially as the Philippine Monkey-Eating Eagle because it was believed to feed on monkeys ( the only monkey native to the Philippines is the Philippine long-tailed macaque ) almost exclusively ; this has proven to be inaccurate.

The word " quetzal " was originally used for just the Resplendent Quetzal, the famous long-tailed quetzal of Central America, which is the national bird and the name of the currency of Guatemala.

The pelvic region, including the sacral vertebrae, were bear-like, as was the short tail composed of 13 vertebrae — about half the number of long-tailed cats.

Presumably, individuals had been sighted many times during the years when it was " extinct ", but mistaken for an especially slender and long-tailed example of the otherwise similar red-legged or red-necked pademelon.

The long-tailed planigale was described in 1906 by Oldfield Thomas, who placed it in the genus Phascogale.

The original character 猓, with the " dog radical " 犭and a guǒ 果 phonetic, was considered condescending, comparable to the Chinese name guǒran 猓然 " a long-tailed ape ".

In a subsequent 1846 paper describing a new species of long-tailed ' pterodactyl ', von Meyer decided that the long-tailed forms of Pterodactylus were different enough from the short-tailed forms to warrant placement in a subgenus, and he named his new species Pterodactylus ( Rhamphorhynchus ) gemmingi after a specimen owned by collector Captain Carl Eming von Gemming that was later by von Gemming sold for three hundred guilders to the Teylers Museum in Haarlem.

It was not until 1847 that von Meyer elevated Rhamphorhynchus to a full-fledged genus, and officially included in it both long-tailed species of Pterodactylus known at the time, R. longicaudus ( the original species preserving a long tail ) and R. gemmingi.

The car's exterior design was inspired by the short-nosed, long-tailed Le Mans racers of the time, but was able to seat four adults in comfort, despite being just high.

Barosaurus ; Greek barys / βαρυς meaning ' heavy ' and saurus / σαυρος meaning ' lizard ', ' heavy lizard ') was a giant, long-tailed, long-necked, plant-eating dinosaur closely related to the more familiar Diplodocus.

A colorful peacock-like long-tailed flying creature about 2 ft tall was a usual sighting too, until illegal deforestation took place in less than a decade ago.

Oryzomys nelsoni was a large and long-tailed Oryzomys ; its tail was longer than that of any other western Mexican Oryzomys.

Until now the false gharial was thought to have a diet similar to its relative the true gharial, i. e. only fish and very small vertebrates, but new evidence and occurrences have proven that the false gharial's broader snout has enabled larger individuals to prey on larger vertebrates including Proboscis monkeys, long-tailed macaques, deer and fruit bats.

Known only from a single specimen, the holotype consists of a virtually complete articulated skull and skeleton, it shared its corporal characteristics with most other Mesozoic mammals ; it was a long-tailed, nocturnal tetrapod ( with prehensile fingers and toes ) which hunted insects, its food, during the night.

It was later seen by Campbell in 1931 in a long-tailed macaque imported from Singapore to the Calcutta School of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene in India.

Mammals which call these places home include the red fox, long-tailed weasel, mink, muskrat, woodchuck, several bat species, bottlenose dolphins, harbour porpoises and possibly river otters which are close to local extinction in Long Island with only an estimated 8 individuals thought to have recently migrated from Connecticut.

The head shape aside ( which in any case is not obvious from all angles ), the long-tailed planigale looks rather like a very small mouse with a long, bare tail.

It is often referred to as the long-tailed macaque because its tail is usually about the same length as its body and because its long tail distinguishes it from most other macaques.

Mabuya is a genus of long-tailed skinks restricted to species from the Americas.

In this gold-engraved lacquerware food tray from the Song Dynasty ( 960 – 1279 ), the two long-tailed birds represent longevity, and the peony seen at the top center represents prosperity

The long-tailed weasel ( Mustela frenata ), also known as the bridled weasel or big stoat is a species of mustelid distributed from southern Canada throughout all the United States and Mexico, southward through all of Central America and into northern South America.

Unlike skunks, which spray their musk, the long-tailed weasel drags and rubs its body over surfaces in order to leave the scent, but if they are running from prey they try to hide their scent as best as possible.

When stealing eggs, the long-tailed weasel removes each egg from its nest one at a time, then carries it in its mouth to a safe location where it bites off the top and licks out the contents or if they have babies in the den they may hold it in their mouth all the way back to them.

These proposals have not been accepted, and Sinosauropteryx is generally classified in the family Compsognathidae, a group of small-bodied long-tailed coelurosaurian theropods known from the Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous of Asia, Europe, and South America.

Additionally, studies by and report that underpasses in Orange, Riverside, and Los Angeles Counties have drawn significant use from a variety of species including bobcats, coyotes, gray fox, mule deer, and long-tailed weasels.

" The scientific name of the genus, Cebus, on the other hand, comes from the Greek word kêbos, meaning a long-tailed monkey.

The name Anomura derives from an old classification in which reptant decapods were divided into Macrura ( long-tailed ), Brachyura ( short-tailed ) and Anomura ( differently-tailed ).

A long-tailed or heavy-tailed probability distribution is one that assigns relatively high probabilities to regions far from the mean or median.

One of only two living species of bat in New Zealand, they can be easily distinguished from New Zealand long-tailed bats by the presence of relatively large, pointed ears, prominent nostrils, and by their tail.

Saltoposuchus is an extinct genus of small ( 1-1. 5 m and 10-15 kg ), long-tailed crocodylomorph reptile ( Sphenosuchia ), from the Norian ( Upper Triassic ) of Europe.

Just away from the urban edge, other predators, such as grey fox, mountain lion, American badger, long-tailed weasel, and ringtailed cat, occupy various niches.

" Macro -" is from the Greek for " long ", so macrourus means " long-tailed ", as in the English name.