By resigning Laws became the shortest serving Minister in modern British political history with less than 18 days service as a Cabinet Minister.

By the turn of the 20th century the modern premiership had emerged ; the office had become the pre-eminent position in the constitutional hierarchy vis-a-vis the Sovereign, Parliament and Cabinet.

As the " Head of Her Majesty's Government " the modern Prime Minister leads the Cabinet ( the Executive ).

The modern Prime Minister is also the leader of the Cabinet.

A convention of the constitution, the modern Cabinet is a group of ministers who formulate policies.

The Council consisted of forty members in 1553, but the Sovereign relied on a smaller committee, which later evolved into the modern Cabinet.

After the King's initial dismay over Churchill's appointment of Lord Beaverbrook to the Cabinet, he and Churchill developed " the closest personal relationship in modern British history between a monarch and a Prime Minister ".

This makes him the third generation of his family to have been a member of the Cabinet, a rare distinction for a modern political family in Britain.

Reynolds became interested in politics at the time of the Arms Crisis in 1970, a hugely controversial episode in modern Irish history which saw two Cabinet ministers, Neil Blaney and Charles Haughey, sacked from the government over an alleged attempt to import arms to Northern Ireland.

The guitar ( in its modern form ) was a relatively new instrument, and most guitar makers were members of the Cabinet Makers ' Guild.

In the modern era, the holder is by convention always a member of one of the houses of Parliament and the office is a Cabinet post.

As part of the renovations begun in 1783, the Cabinet Room was extended, giving the space its modern appearance.

In modern times the Cabinet Office often takes on responsibility for areas of policy that are the priority of the Government of the time.

The Executive Council was transformed into a modern Cabinet, and its members, who had hitherto been answerable only to the colonial Governor, were made fully responsible to the legislature.

He also rejected a call from Ratu Naiqama Lalabalavu, a Cabinet Minister and the Paramount Chief of the Tovata Confederacy, for the Great Council of Chiefs to replace the Senate as the upper house of the legislature, saying that would mix the chiefly system with the modern governmental apparatus, which he believed should remain institutionally separate.

The modern Japanese Cabinet was established under the Constitution of the Empire of Japan of 1889-1946.

In The Cabinet Dictionary of 1803 Thomas Sheraton gave a neoclassical design and observed that " a buffet may, with some propriety, be restored to modern use, and prove ornamental to a modern breakfast-room, answering as the china cabinet | repository of a tea equipage "

A similar concept in modern politics is that of a Kitchen Cabinet, which is often composed of unelected advisers bypassing traditional governance practices.

A four-member Executive Council had existed from 1904, but it was not a Cabinet in the modern sense: it was appointed by the colonial Governor and responsible to him alone.

A four-member Executive Council had also been established in 1904 ; this was not a " Cabinet " in the modern sense, as its members were not responsible to the Legislative Council.

Byers became the only former Cabinet Minister to be cross-examined in the High Court in relation to his actions in modern times.

Most countries in this second category share the difficulty of having many of the structures of a modern political and social system without the modern standards of performance required to make them effective.

The old Morse system was replaced locally by the Simplex modern automatic method in 1929, when Ellamae Heckman ( Wilcox ) was manager of the Western Union office.

The abacus was in use centuries before the adoption of the written modern numeral system and is still widely used by merchants, traders and clerks in Asia, Africa, and elsewhere.

Where the Roman model ( like most modern Japanese ) has 4 plus 1 bead per decimal place, the standard suanpan has 5 plus 2, allowing use with a hexadecimal numeral system.

His system included modifying the way we consider the world, e. g., with an attitude of " I don't know ; let's see ," to better discover or reflect its realities as revealed by modern science.

Asparagales is the name of an order of plants, used in modern classification systems such as the APG III system ( which is used throughout this article ).

Van Vogt was always interested in the idea of all-encompassing systems of knowledge ( akin to modern meta-systems ) -- the characters in his very first story used a system called ' Nexialism ' to analyze the alien's behaviour, and he became interested in the General Semantics of Alfred Korzybski.

Under the old Soviet central planning system, Armenia had developed a modern industrial sector, supplying machine tools, textiles, and other manufactured goods to sister republics in exchange for raw materials and energy.

The Bridgewater Foundry, pictured in 1839-one of the earliest factories to use an almost modern layout, work flow and material handling system.

Some wanted the modern liberal constitutional system, some wanted the continuance of the Ancien Régime, some wanted independence.

In order to overcome this weakness, modern aircraft use a terrain awareness warning system ( TAWS ).

The initial concept was known as AppleBus, envisioning a system controlled by the host Macintosh polling " dumb " devices in a fashion similar to the modern Universal Serial Bus.

* 1942 – Actress Hedy Lamarr and composer George Antheil receive a patent for a Frequency-hopping spread spectrum communication system that later became the basis for modern technologies in wireless telephones and Wi-Fi.

At a schematic level, that basic worm-shape continues to be reflected in the body and nervous system architecture of all modern bilaterians, including vertebrates.

In 1714, when he was appointed rector of the university, he succeeded Govert Bidloo in the chair of practical medicine, and in this capacity he introduced the modern system of clinical instruction.

On that Mississippi riverine system today, including that of other sheltered waterways, industrial barge trafficking in bulk raw materials such as coal, coke, timber, iron ore and other minerals is extremely common in the developed world using huge cargo barges that connect in groups and trains-of-barges in ways which allow cargo volumes and weights which would astonish pioneers of modern barge systems and methods in the Victorian era.

The five-kingdom system has largely been superseded by modern alternative classification systems.

Intentionally going down in modern boxing will cause the recovering fighter to lose points in the scoring system.

In a speech delivered at the nearby Masonic temple, Bush compared the RODS system to a modern " DEW " line ( referring to the Cold War ballistic missile early warning system ).

The Bronze Age is the second principal period of the three-age system, as proposed in modern times by Christian Jürgensen Thomsen, for classifying and studying ancient societies.

Under his command, a modern update of the doctrinal system called Bewegungskrieg (" maneuver warfare ") and its associated leadership system called Auftragstaktik (" mission tactics "; i. e., units are assigned missions ; local commanders decide how to achieve those missions ) was developed, which was a critical advantage and a major reason for the success of blitzkrieg.

BeOS was built for digital media work and was written to take advantage of modern hardware facilities such as symmetric multiprocessing by utilizing modular I / O bandwidth, pervasive multithreading, preemptive multitasking and a 64-bit journaling file system known as BFS.