Fifty-one nations are represented.

The European nations had all but exhausted their foreign exchange reserves during the war, and the Marshall Plan aid represented almost their sole means of importing goods from abroad.

The Northwest Passage represented a new route to the established trading nations of Asia, as in 1493 to defuse trade disputes, Pope Alexander VI split the discovered world in two between Spain and Portugal ; thus France, the Netherlands, and England were left without a sea route to Asia, either via Africa or South America, unless their ships defied the ban and explored such waters regardless ( they did, and the ban became unenforceable ).

At the threshold to the 19th century, Britain was challenged again by France under Napoleon, in a struggle that, unlike previous wars, represented a contest of ideologies between the two nations.

In three days, the thirty-two nations represented at that Conference demonstrated to the world that when the will and the determination exist, nations and peoples of diverse backgrounds can and will work together.

A record 59 nations were represented by 4, 104 athletes, 3, 714 men and 390 women, in 19 sport disciplines.

Seventeen percent of visitors were from outside the United States ; the most prominently represented nations were the United Kingdom ( 3. 8 %), Canada ( 3. 5 %), Japan ( 2. 1 %), Germany ( 1. 9 %) and The Netherlands ( 1. 2 %).

* Samuel Benton Callahan ( 1833 – 1911 ), represented the Creek and Seminole nations in the Second Confederate Congress

Portugal is represented by its Embassy in Buenos Aires, and Bolivia is represented by its Embassy in Paris but both nations maintain good relations.

Bolivia is represented by its Embassy in London, and Norway is represented by its Embassy in Buenos Aires but both nations have maintained good relations.

" Author Brian Dunning observes that " Cuba is not among the nations represented in the Bilderberg Group and Castro has never attended a meeting ", so he has no greater insight than any reader of Estulin's book.

In the Seoul Games, 160 nations were represented by a total of 8391 athletes: 6197 men and 2194 women.

A total of 46 nations were represented at the Amsterdam Games.

Sixty-four nations with 1, 801 athletes participated in the games, including the Unified Team which represented non-Baltic former Soviet republics.

Twenty-five nations, represented by 41 delegates, participated in the conference:

However, of all of the 15 nations in attendance of the Berlin Conference, none of the countries represented were African.

In the table below, the ranking sorts by the number of gold medals earned by the top ten nations ( in this context a nation is an entity represented by a National Paralympic Committee ).

The king and members of the royal family have represented Spain in Europe, Latin America, in the United States and in Canada, nations in the Middle East and North Africa, in China, Japan, the Philippines, Australia, New Zealand and many countries in sub-Sahara Africa.

The waging of an undeclared war against France, known as the Quasi-War, by the Adam's Administration in retaliation for French seizures of American naval vessels during the French Revolutionary Wars, effectively made the Treaty of Alliance a mockery, as it represented an official declaration of military alliance, maintained solely by the French government, between two nations who were unofficially at war with each other.

This problem may have initially arisen from discussions held between President Herbert Hoover and Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald at Rapidan Camp in 1929 ; but a range of factors affected tensions which were exacerbated between the other nations represented at the conference.

Member banks are international in scope, with more than sixty nations represented among its 223 members and 37 associated professional firms as of 2008.

It represented the desire to create a self-sufficient " bloc of Asian nations led by the Japanese and free of Western powers ".

It is noteworthy that the majority of the delegates to the Congress were from the less developed, former colonial nations.

The United States might well have exploited the opportunity provided by the European Recovery Program to push the hesitant European nations toward political federation as well as economic cooperation, but all proposals to this effect were rejected by the United States Government at the time.

During the nineteenth century these views were protested by virtually all the Latin American writers, though ineffectively, just as the new nations of Africa and Asia protest them, with more effect, today.

God knows what the African nations, who hold 25 per cent of the voting stock in the U.N. were thinking -- they may, for example, have been thinking of the U.S. abstention when the vote on Algerian freedom was before the Assembly -- but I think I have a fairly accurate notion of what the Negroes in the gallery were thinking.

Foreign aid programs were revamped to give greater emphasis to economic aid and to encourage political reform in recipient nations.

Secretary-General Hammarskjold decided that it would be preferable if the U.N. troops sent into the Congo were to come from African, or at least nonwhite, nations -- certainly not from the U.S., Russia, Great Britain or France.

This features the marching songs of several nations, recorded as though the various national bands were marching by your reviewing stand.

It was an era of constitution writing — most states were busy at the task — and leaders felt the new nation must have a written constitution, even though other nations did not.

In early 1776, Thomas Paine argued in the closing pages of the first edition of Common Sense that the “ custom of nations ” demanded a formal declaration of American independence if any European power were to mediate a peace between the Americans and Great Britain.

Devastated by European diseases to which they had no immunity, and civil wars, in 1532 the Incas were defeated by an alliance composed of tens of thousands allies from nations they had subjugated ( e. g. Huancas, Chachapoyas, Cañaris ) and a small army of 180 Spaniards led by Francisco Pizarro.

This honor was intended, in part, to commemorate the diplomatic and trading history which existed long before other Western nations were officially aware of Japan's existence.

Sympathizing with the plight of the Uyghurs, whose lands were conquered by the Qing dynasty, Ahmad Shah attempted to rally neighboring Muslim nations to check Qing expansion.

During World War II, through February 1945, when Turkey was neutral for most of the length of the conflict, the Dardanelles were closed to the ships of the belligerent nations.

Barge and canal systems were nonetheless of great, perhaps even primary, economic importance until after World War I in Europe, particularly in the more developed nations of the Low Countries, France, Germany, Poland, and especially Great Britain which more or less made the system characteristically its own.

Considerable research into biological warfare was undertaken throughout the Cold War era ( 1947 – 1991 ) by the U. S., U. K. and U. S. S. R., and probably other major nations as well, although it is generally believed that such weapons were never used.

Some scholars have suggested that Amos ’ s reference to Edom is symbolic of all nations who were once enemies of Israel and not meant to literally mean Edomites in the flesh.

This strengthened the belief that the Israelites, who understood themselves to be God ’ s chosen people, were even more culpable than other peoples for not living up to God ’ s statutes because they were to be a ‘ light unto the nations ’.

Essentially, every country that was colonised at some time by England, Great Britain, or the United Kingdom uses common law except those that were formerly colonised by other nations, such as Quebec ( which follows the law of France in part ), South Africa and Sri Lanka ( which follow Roman Dutch law ), where the prior civil law system was retained to respect the civil rights of the local colonists.

No visas were required to travel to eastern or western countries, capitalist or communist nations.

Both of them expressed positive views over the increasing relations between the two nations and were optimistic that the bilateral cooperation will expand in different fields.

By 1900, most of the industrializing nations were on some form of gold standard, with paper notes and silver coins constituting the circulating medium.

These nations were often united by common linguistic, religious or family ties.

And he cast him into the bottomless pit and shut him up, and set a seal on him, so that he should deceive the nations no more till the thousand years were finished. 20: 1-3