Various semi-independent princes still claimed specific territories, but Ivan III forced the lesser princes to acknowledge the grand prince of Moscow and his descendants as unquestioned rulers with control over military, judicial, and foreign affairs.

Caesar was born into a patrician family, the gens Julia, which claimed descent from Iulus, son of the legendary Trojan prince Aeneas, supposedly the son of the goddess Venus.

On the basis of a land grant made to him by the Anglophile native King of the Mosquito people in what is present-day Honduras, MacGregor wove one of history's most elaborate hoaxes, managing to charm the highest levels of London's political and financial establishment with tales of the bucolic, resource-rich country he claimed to rule as a benevolent sovereign prince, or " Cazique ", when he arrived in the UK in 1822.

This was a cornerstone of the privileges claimed for the Gallican Church, and could never be shifted as long as Louis XI maneuvered to replace King Ferdinand I of Naples with a French prince.

An 18th century genealogy book claimed that he was the son of the Prussian prince Glanda Kambila, who came to Russia in the second half of the 13th century, fleeing the invading Germans.

The Academy has its origins in the Accademia dei Lincei (" Academy of Lynxes ") established in Rome in 1603, under Pope Clement VIII by the learned Roman prince, Federico Cesi ( 1585 – 1630 ), who was a young botanist and naturalist, and which claimed Galileo Galilei as its president.

* Foreign princes used the title of haut et puissant prince and claimed the right to use His Highness.

In a letter to a friend, the prince claimed that the couple only had sexual intercourse three times: twice the first night of the marriage, and once the second night.

In the time of Roman rule, all the holders of the office of Nasi ( prince ) after Shemaiah, claimed Davidic lineage, through Hillel, who was rumoured have maternal lineage from the Davidic line.

Nannerl later claimed that he " entirely gave up both violin instruction and composition in order to direct that time not claimed in service to the prince to the education of his two children.

In 318, after suppressing a coup by a powerful minister in the Xiongnu-Han court ( in which the Xiongnu-Han emperor and a large proportion of the aristocracy were massacred ), the Xiongnu prince Liu Yao moved the Xiongnu-Han capital from Pingyang to Chang ' an and renamed the dynasty as Zhao ( Liu Yuan had declared the empire's name Han to create a linkage with Han Dynasty — to which he claimed he was a descendant, through a princess, but Liu Yao felt that it was time to end the linkage with Han and explicitly restore the linkage to the great Xiongnu chanyu Maodun, and therefore decided to change the name of the state.

Contrary to their normal " hit and run " tactics, they occupied the town and claimed it for the prince by raising the Prince of Orange's flag above the city.

The Alban kings claimed descent from Aeneas, a Trojan prince who brought a remnant of the Trojan populace to Italy following the sack of Troy ( traditionally 1184 BC ), and settled in Latium.

Hayam Wuruk also had a son from his previous marriage, crown prince Wirabhumi, who also claimed the throne.

These suspicions were further aroused when imperial officials ordered Protestants to stop erecting Protestant churches on the land of the prince of the church or Stifts, which the Protestants claimed to be comprised under the term " royal land " ( the Stifts did not belong to the Bohemian Estates ) which was open to them due to the Letter of Majesty – a very disputed legal interpretation of which the government disapproved.

* Bhawal case, concerning a " resurrected " Indian prince who may have been genuinely who he was claimed to be.

After Hauser's death, it was claimed further that he was murdered, again because of his being the prince.

Frederick, duke of Augustenburg, son of the prince who in 1852 had renounced the succession to the duchies, now claimed his rights on the ground that he had had no share in the renunciation.

In 1314, Duke Louis IV of Bavaria ( who would become Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor ) and Frederick the Handsome, a Habsburg prince, each claimed the crown of the Holy Roman Emperor.

In 1314, Duke Louis IV of Bavaria ( who would become Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor ) and Frederick the Handsome, a Habsburg prince, each claimed the crown of the Holy Roman Emperor.

The titles of prince and princess, which are claimed by children of the Aga Khan by virtue of their descent from the Qajar king Fath Ali Shah of the Persian Qajar dynasty, were recognized as courtesy titles by the British government in 1938.

Abbas was born in Herat ( now in Afghanistan, then one of the two chief cities of Khorasan ) to the royal prince Mohammed Khodabanda and his wife Khayr al-Nisa Begum ( known as " Mahd-i Ulya "), the daughter of the governor of Mazandaran province, who claimed descent from the fourth Shi ' a Imam Zayn al-Abidin.

In 1314, Duke Louis IV of Bavaria ( who would become Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor ) and Frederick the Handsome, a Habsburg prince, each claimed the crown of the Holy Roman Emperor.

He was a Spartan prince, beautiful and athletic.

Three years he was occupied in campaigns against the Slavic Wends, who as pagans were considered fair game, and whose subjugation to Christianity was the aim of the Wendish Crusade of 1147 in which Albert took part ; diplomatic measures were more successful, and by an arrangement made with the last of the Wendish princes of Brandenburg, Pribislav of the Hevelli, Albert secured this district when the prince died in 1150.

In Greco-Roman mythology, Aeneas (; Greek:, Aineías, derived from Greek meaning " to praise ") was a Trojan hero, the son of the prince Anchises and the goddess Aphrodite.

* The illegitimate descendant of a Bulgarian prince named Aron formed a plot in 1107 to murder Alexios as he was encamped near Thessalonica.

Alexios II Komnenos or Alexius II Comnenus () ( 10 September 1169 – 24 September 1183, Constantinople ), Byzantine emperor ( 1180 – 1183 ), was the son of Emperor Manuel I Komnenos and Maria, daughter of Raymond, prince of Antioch.

From 1125 to 1126, he was on campaign against Granada, where he was trying to install a Christian prince, and Córdoba, where got only as far as Motril.

Shortly afterwards, Andrew made an alliance again with Leszek I and they occupied Halych where again Andrew's son was appointed to prince.

In 148 BC, in what the Romans called the Fourth Macedonian War, he was defeated by the Roman praetor Q. Caecilius Metellus ( 148 ) at the Second Battle of Pydna, and fled to Thrace, whose prince gave him up to Rome, thus marking the final end to Andriskos ' reign of Macedonia.

He grew up at the castle of his father, and was brought up alongside his older brother Esbern Snare and the young prince Valdemar, who later became King Valdemar I of Denmark.

John the Conqueror was an African prince who was sold as a slave in the Americas.

Prince, Field-Marshal Abbas Mirza ( عباس میرزا in Persian ) born Navaa village ( August 26, 1789 – October 25, 1833 ), was a Qajar crown prince of Persia.

Abbas was an intelligent prince, possessed some literary taste, and is noteworthy on account of the comparative simplicity of his life.

Born near Damascus in Syria, Abd al-Rahman, grandson of Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik, was the son of the Umayyad prince Mu ' awiyah ibn Hisham and a Berber mother.

All along the way the path was filled with danger, as the Abbasids had dispatched horsemen across the region to try to find the Umayyad prince and kill him.

Although the Umayyads did not have a historical presence in the region ( no member of the Umayyad family was known to have ever set foot in al-Andalus before ) and there were grave concerns about young Abd al-Rahman's inexperience, several of the lower-ranking Yemenite commanders felt they had little to lose and much to gain, and agreed to support the prince.

Waves of people made their way to Málaga to pay respect to the prince they thought was dead, including many of the aforementioned Syrians.

Specifically, the Yemeni Arabs were unhappy that the prince was mounted on a fine Spanish steed.

Hirwaun moor, 4 miles to the north west of Aberdare, was according to tradition the scene of a battle at which Rhys ap Tewdwr, prince of Dyfed, was defeated by the allied forces of the Norman Robert Fitzhamon and Iestyn ap Gwrgant, the last Welsh prince of Glamorgan.

Axayacatl was a son of the princess Atotoztli II and her cousin, prince Tezozomoc.