In most of the world's jurisdictions, the professional and commercial uses of the terms " architect " and " landscape architect " are legally protected.

Designed for professional car use, the rear of the Cadillac commercial chassis was considerably lower than the passenger car frame, thereby lowering the rear deck height as well for ease of loading and unloading.

Captives may take the form of a " pure " entity ( which is a 100 % subsidiary of the self-insured parent company ); of a " mutual " captive ( which insures the collective risks of members of an industry ); and of an " association " captive ( which self-insures individual risks of the members of a professional, commercial or industrial association ).

Early performances of opera were too infrequent for singers to make a living exclusively from the style, but with the birth of commercial opera in the mid-17th century, professional performers began to emerge.

Although its high cost precluded uses other than photojournalism and professional photography, commercial digital photography was born.

One month later Nokia announced the sale of Qt's commercial licensing and professional services to Digia, although Nokia was to remain the main development force behind the framework at that time.

Many anime conventions are a hybrid between non-profit and commercial events, with volunteer organizers handling large revenue streams and dealing with commercial suppliers and professional marketing campaigns.

This grass-roots alliance of amateur and professional radio astronomers is headed by executive director emeritus Prof. H. Paul Shuch, the engineer credited with developing the world's first commercial home satellite TV receiver.

Wholesale trade is defined as the sale of goods or merchandise to retailers, to industrial, commercial, institutional, or other professional business users, or to other wholesalers and related subordinated services.

Often called professional numismatists, they authenticate or grade coins for commercial purposes.

Early commercial and professional radio services relied exclusively on long wave, low frequencies and ground-wave propagation.

Many prominent civic, professional, and commercial leaders from around the United States participated in the financing, coordination, and management of the Fair, including Chicago shoe tycoon Charles H. Schwab, Chicago railroad and manufacturing magnate John Whitfield Bunn, and Connecticut banking, insurance, and iron products magnate Milo Barnum Richardson, among many others.

A " Level Two " championship, referred generically as the V8 Supercar Development Series, and presently by the commercial identity of Dunlop V8 Supercar Series, was originally intended for privateers who formerly raced in the Level One series but have been left behind by increasing pace of the professional teams, however, some " Level One " teams run secondary teams in the Dunlop series to " blood " new drivers or as a secondary income stream for drivers without a team of their own.

Art historian Walter J. Friedlander, in The Golden Wand of Medicine: A History of the Caduceus Symbol in Medicine ( 1992 ) collected hundreds of examples of the caduceus and the rod of Asclepius and found that professional associations were just somewhat more likely to use the staff of Asclepius, while commercial organizations in the medical field were more likely to use the caduceus.

Among double reed players, advanced and professional players typically make their own reeds, while beginners and students often buy reeds either from their teachers or from commercial sources.

Fairfield has a diversified economy, with government, manufacturing, health care, retail, professional and commercial construction sectors.

Wholesaling, jobbing, or distributing is defined as the sale of goods or merchandise to retailers, to industrial, commercial, institutional, or other professional business users, or to other wholesalers and related subordinated services.

According to the United Nations Statistics Division, " wholesale " is the resale ( sale without transformation ) of new and used goods to retailers, to industrial, commercial, institutional or professional users, or to other wholesalers, or involves acting as an agent or broker in buying merchandise for, or selling merchandise to, such persons or companies.

Ventura expressed concern over NORAD's response to the four commercial airliners that were hijacked and compared it to the response to the plane crash that killed professional golfer Payne Stewart in 1999, in which fighter jets were scrambled to intercept Stewart's jet.

Approximately in size, this will be a “ legacy ” development to include commercial, executive office, heavy industrial, light industrial, professional service, research and recreational land uses.

Since Norman's first professional release in 1967 as a lead singer of the one-hit wonder band People !, more than 100 of his own albums have been released through such commercial record labels as Capitol, MGM, Verve, and his own independent labels: One Way Records, Solid Rock Records, Street Level Records, and Phydeaux Records.

In 2010, additional commercial real estate activity is anticipated including the construction of the Lowe ’ s Home Improvement store mentioned earlier ; a new 30, 000 professional office building to house a high tech network-based solutions company named Ednetics ; a 30, 000 LEED certified industrial building to be the home of a subsidiary of Berg Integrated Systems will begin construction in early 2010 ; the State of Idaho Department of Labor will construct their new regional office here in Post Falls that will provide services to the northern five counties of Idaho ; Blue Dog RV is planning on constructing a new recreational vehicle showroom and maintenance facility ; several restaurants are also anticipated to locate within the Pointe at Post Falls regional power center to take advantage of the retail traffic of Cabela ’ s and Wal-Mart ; the City ’ s downtown area is expected to see a major mixed use project also take off with infrastructure and the first phase including a hospitality component begin construction ; and finally the community anticipates that construction on the Beck Road Interchange with Interstate 90 will begin this fall ultimately providing service to the Pointe at Post Falls and EXPO on the north side of the freeway and the Riverbend Commerce Park and Greyhound Event Center on the south side of the Interstate 90.

English continues, however, to be widely used in professional and commercial fields and in the superior courts.

and lawyers -- with the great virtues that they are trained to read `` the fine print '' carefully and are able out of professional experience to arrive at imaginative solutions to difficult problems in many fields -- are indispensable even in a foundation office.

Conservation OnLine's Ethical issues in conservation provides a number of articles on ethical issues in conservation ; example of codes of ethics and guidelines for professional conduct in conservation and allied fields ; and charters and treaties pertaining to ethical issues involving the preservation of cultural property.

Some professional activities in fields such as ones that are commonly associated with celebrity prestige are careers within the sports, and entertainment sphere.

CRTs are still popular in the printing and broadcasting industries as well as in the professional video, photography, and graphics fields due to their greater color fidelity, contrast, and better viewing from off-axis ( wider viewing angle ).

Substantial disagreement exists concerning how designers in many fields, whether amateur or professional, alone or in teams, produce designs.

In specific fields, the definition of expert is well established by consensus and therefore it is not necessary for an individual to have a professional or academic qualification for them to be accepted as an expert.

Most of the group's members also had professional ambitions within science fiction and related fields, and collectively were very effective at achieving this goal, as the roster of members below suggests.

MIT's graduate program has high coexistence with the undergraduate program and offers a comprehensive doctoral program with degrees in the humanities, social sciences, and STEM fields as well as professional degrees.

Applied mathematicians are mathematical scientists who, with their specialized knowledge and professional methodology, approach many of the imposing problems presented in related scientific fields.

These magnets are widely used in such products as microphones, professional loudspeakers, in-ear headphones, and computer hard disks, where low magnet mass or volume, or strong magnetic fields are required.

Neodymium magnets appear in products such as microphones, professional loudspeakers, in-ear headphones, guitar and bass guitar pick-ups and computer hard disks where low mass, small volume, or strong magnetic fields are required.

Membership is limited to established professional cartoonists, with a few exceptions of outstanding persons in affiliated fields.

The Nikon D1, the first digital single-lens reflex camera | DSLR to truly compete with, and begin to replace, film cameras in the professional photojournalism and sports photography fields.

Many other professional fields have some level of peer review process: accounting, law,

The university has very high research activity and its comprehensive graduate program offers doctoral degrees in the humanities, social sciences, and STEM fields ( Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics ) as well as professional degrees in medicine, law, and dentistry.

In the early part of this century, professional education expanded beyond the traditional fields of theology, law and medicine.

In the early part of the 20th century, professional education expanded beyond the traditional fields of theology, law and medicine.

For other scientific and professional disciplines addressing complexity in their fields see the complex systems article and references.

In 1974, a public outcry developed over Tutsi over-representation in professional fields such as medicine and education.

A professional working inside of one of many fields of economics or having an academic degree in this subject is widely considered to be an economist, and any person within any of these fields can claim to be one.

Experiments might be categorized according to a number of dimensions, depending upon professional norms and standards in different fields of study.

" To promote the research, creation, conservation and transmission of universal knowledge and the cultivation of science, arts and letters ; to contribute to the spiritual and cultural development of the country, in keeping with its traditional historical values ; to train competent graduates and professionals equipped with the knowledge and capacity needed to exercise their respective professions ; to bestow all levels of academic degree, especially that of Bachelor ’ s Degree, Master ’ s Degree and Doctor of Philosophy, and professional degrees in the fields of Juridical Sciences, Health, Economics, Business, Social and Human Resource Administration, the Humanities, Engineering Sciences, Communications, Architecture, Design, Fine Arts and others ".

( A Technische Hochschule at that time was a technical college offering advanced professional training in selected fields, rather than an institution also engaged in basic research, as a university.