The railroads were the first big businesses in America, and the Pennsylvania was one of the largest of them all.

The U. S. Government Bonds, which constituted a lien upon the railroads and all their fixtures, were repaid in full ( and with interest ) by the company as and when they became due.

Canals, roads and railroads were constructed.

Cleveland saw the bill as unjust — Gould had taken over the railroads when they were failing and had made the system solvent again.

When the railroads through Sweden were built late in that century, Hultsfred received a population boost.

As railroads overtook canals for transportation, canal systems were modified and developed into hydropower systems ; the history of Lowell, Massachusetts is a classic example of commercial development and industrialization, built upon the availability of water power.

" Nearly all railroads were using Krupp rails, the New York Central, Illinois Central, Delaware and Hudson, Maine Central, Lake Shore and Michigin Southern, Bangor and Aarostook, Great Northern, Boston and Albany, Florida and East Coast, Texas and Pacific, Southern pacific, and Mexican National.

In 1995, the main means of transportation in Moldova were railroads () and a highway system ( overall, including of paved surfaces ).

In 1990 a total of 317 million tonkilometers of freight were carried on inland waterways as compared with 15, 007 million ton-kilometers on railroads and 1, 673 million ton-kilometers on roads.

As new areas were explored, it was usually the gold ( placer and then load ) and then silver that were taken first, with other metals often waiting for railroads or canals.

These reforms included guarantees to ensure the Ottoman subjects perfect security for their lives, honour, and property ; the introduction of the first Ottoman paper banknotes ( 1840 ) and opening of the first post offices ( 1840 ); the reorganization of the finance system according to the French model ( 1840 ); the reorganization of the Civil and Criminal Code according to the French model ( 1840 ); the establishment of the Meclis-i Maarif-i Umumiye ( 1841 ) which was the prototype of the First Ottoman Parliament ( 1876 ); the reorganization of the army and a regular method of recruiting, levying the army, and fixing the duration of military service ( 1843 – 44 ); the adoption of an Ottoman national anthem and Ottoman national flag ( 1844 ); the first nationwide Ottoman census in 1844 ( only male citizens were counted ); the first national identity cards ( officially named the Mecidiye identity papers, or informally kafa kağıdı ( head paper ) documents, 1844 ); the institution of a Council of Public Instruction ( 1845 ) and the Ministry of Education ( Mekatib-i Umumiye Nezareti, 1847, which later became the Maarif Nezareti, 1857 ); the abolition of slavery and slave trade ( 1847 ); the establishment of the first modern universities ( darülfünun, 1848 ), academies ( 1848 ) and teacher schools ( darülmuallimin, 1848 ); establishment of the Ministry of Healthcare ( Tıbbiye Nezareti, 1850 ); the Commerce and Trade Code ( 1850 ); establishment of the Academy of Sciences ( Encümen-i Daniş, 1851 ); establishment of the Şirket-i Hayriye which operated the first steam-powered commuter ferries ( 1851 ); the first European style courts ( Meclis-i Ahkam-ı Adliye, 1853 ) and supreme judiciary council ( Meclis-i Ali-yi Tanzimat, 1853 ); establishment of the modern Municipality of Istanbul ( Şehremaneti, 1854 ) and the City Planning Council ( İntizam-ı Şehir Komisyonu, 1855 ); the abolition of the capitation ( Jizya ) tax on non-Muslims, with a regular method of establishing and collecting taxes ( 1856 ); non-Muslims were allowed to become soldiers ( 1856 ); various provisions for the better administration of the public service and advancement of commerce ; the establishment of the first telegraph networks ( 1847 – 1855 ) and railroads ( 1856 ); the replacement of guilds with factories ; the establishment of the Ottoman Central Bank ( originally established as the Bank-ı Osmanî in 1856, and later reorganized as the Bank-ı Osmanî-i Şahane in 1863 ) and the Ottoman Stock Exchange ( Dersaadet Tahvilat Borsası, established in 1866 ); the Land Code ( Arazi Kanunnamesi, 1857 ); permission for private sector publishers and printing firms with the Serbesti-i Kürşad Nizamnamesi ( 1857 ); establishment of the School of Economical and Political Sciences ( Mekteb-i Mülkiye, 1859 ); the Press and Journalism Regulation Code ( Matbuat Nizamnamesi, 1864 ); among others.

By the 1850s, it was noticed that the numbers of birds seemed to be decreasing, but still the slaughter continued, accelerating to an even greater level as more railroads were developed after the American Civil War.

The railroads were also a profitable government operation, and road competition was not viewed as desirable.

In addition, while road-traveling vehicles are typically measured from the outermost portions of the wheel rims ( and there is some evidence that the first railroads were measured in this way as well ), it became apparent that for vehicles travelling on rails, it was better to have the wheel flanges located inside the rails, and thus the distance measured on the inside of the wheels ( and, by extension, the inside faces of the rail heads ) was the important one.

Before the CPRR was completed, developers were building other railroads in Nevada and California to connect to it.

Talk of a transcontinental railroad started in 1830, shortly after steam powered railroads were invented in Great Britain and began to be introduced into the United States.

Durant manipulated market prices on his stocks by spreading rumours about which railroads were to be connected to the Union Pacific.

Because of the nature of the way money was given to the companies building the railroad, they were sometimes known to sabotage each others railroads to claim that land as their own.

The integration of traditional economies in the Congo within the framework of the modern, capitalist economy was brilliantly executed ; for example, several railroads were built through dense regions of jungle.

Under the French, a port was constructed at Cotonou, and railroads were built.

Hundreds more were abandoned when the US Highway System replaced the railroads as the United States ' favorite mode of travel.

These scenic areas were first described for the public in magazine articles published by Union Pacific and Santa Fe railroads in 1916.

There were other possible migration paths for early settlers, miners, or travelers to California or Oregon besides the Oregon trail prior to the establishment of the transcontinental railroads.

When Clark County shorthorn cattle were not able to compete with the vast numbers of western cattle being hauled to market by the railroads, several county fortunes were lost and many farmers turned towards burley tobacco as a substitute.

McAlester opened a second general store on this corner and was able to continue doing business selling coal to the railroads.

Finally, as the Interstate Commerce Commission began to realize that railroads needed to be able to compete successfully with trucking and other modes of transportation more than primarily each other, in 1959, the Norfolk and Western succeeded in reaching a merge with the VGN and gaining regulatory approvals, marking what became called the " modern merger era " in North American railroading which eventually resulted in Princeton's current service by Norfolk Southern Railway, one of only 6 large class 1 railroads operating in the United States in the 21st century.

If the railroads were successful, the conductors that have already been trained and certified as engineers would be able to work as engineers.

Often railroads sold some of their government acquired land to homesteaders immediately to encourage settlement and the growth of markets the railroads would then be able to serve.

Thanks to the historic “ Dart Elevator ” ( operational on 1 June 1843 ), which worked almost seven times faster than its non-mechanized predecessors, Buffalo was able to keep pace with – and thus further stimulate – the incredible growth of American agricultural production in the 1840s and 1850s, but especially after the Civil War, with the coming of the railroads.

Field Marshal Paul von Hindenburg, Germany's commander in the East ( Oberkommando-Ost ), was again able to capitalize on good railroads to bring German reinforcements to the front.

Other American railroads considered buying 4-8-8-4s, including the Western Pacific Railroad, which already rostered large 2-8-8-2s and 4-6-6-4s, but diesel locomotives were gaining popularity and soon were able to displace these monster locomotives.

After the William Hendricks administration had restored the state's credit and stabilize income, the new administration was able to move ahead with plans to build canals, railroads, and more roads in the state.

The VGN-NW merger is widely believed to have begun the modern era of major railroad mergers as the ICC came to accept that railroads needed to be able to compete more successfully against other modes of transport ( i. e. highways and air travel ) rather than just against each other.

While the Erie enjoyed financial ups and downs, during the golden age of American railroads it was largely successful ; as a consequence of its success it was able to extend itself westward to Cleveland, Ohio and Chicago.

The line's freight agents and sales force worked hard to sell the C & LE to shippers and were able to take business away from the steam railroads by guaranteeing overnight delivery by 8am the next morning, something that the competing steam railroads could not do.

As the 1840s approached, and more American railroads were experimenting with the new 4-4-0 locomotive type, the 4-2-0 fell out of favor as it was not as able to pull a paying load on the railroad as the 4-4-0.

Using tilting trains, railroads are able to run passenger trains over the same tracks at higher speeds than would otherwise be possible.

With the use of steel for the car sides, railroads were able to offer more innovative passenger car types.

The railroads became the primary long-distance transporter of completed automobiles, one of few commodities where the industry has been able to overcome trucking in competition.

The advent of the Interstate Highway System tipped the economic balance by increasing mobility as factories and offices were now able to be located further away from the fixed routes of the railroads.

The government was finally able to avert a strike when Truman signed orders seizing the railroads in the presence of the union leaders.

The WPB assigned the FT's built to the railroads it deemed most able to benefit from the new locomotives.

Their forces had many more and better trained officers resulting in a better disciplined and more mobile force ; the Poles also enjoyed excellent intelligence and, due to their control of railroads behind their lines, were able to move their soldiers quite quickly.

Under the command of Liebert, East Africa was able to develop hospitals, social facilities, railroads, and more.