Chiefly remembered because of his incessant advocacy of `` immediate and unconditional abolition '', he also espoused a great variety of other causes -- among them women's rights, prohibition, and justice to the Indians.

In just over two minutes, Lincoln reiterated the principles of human equality espoused by the Declaration of Independence and proclaimed the Civil War as a struggle for the preservation of the Union sundered by the secession crisis, with " a new birth of freedom ," that would bring true equality to all of its citizens, ensuring that democracy would remain a viable form of government and creating a nation in which states ' rights were no longer dominant.

Others were similarly ousted, and the leadership structure became influenced less by Communism, more by a moderate ideology similar to that espoused by the liberal reformist civil rights organizations that existed for African Americans.

While Rousseau's social contract is based on popular sovereignty and not on individual sovereignty, there are other theories espoused by individualists, libertarians and anarchists, which do not involve agreeing to anything more than negative rights and creates only a limited state, if any.

In addition to home schooling, Holt also espoused many of the principles now taken up by the youth rights movement, including eliminating the voting age, and allowing young people to sign contracts and obtain employment.

Gutzman argues that in 1798, Madison was caught up in partisanship and espoused states ' rights to defeat national legislation he maintained was a threat to republicanism.

Also a defender of animal rights, he espoused a broadly utilitarian ethics ( which he defended in The Rational Foundation of Ethics ).

She and Owen were close friends, and she even helped him to found the Association of All Classes of All Nations, a group that espoused human rights for all people of all nations, sexes, races and classes.

Most of their songs espoused an anarchist worldview, touching upon consumerism, LGBT rights, the Christian right, direct action, radical feminism, AIDS, immigration, and animal rights.

Other historians, according to Edward Ashbee, consider that it is not the tradition of " Freeborn Englishmen ", as espoused by Lilburne, Overton, John Milton and John Locke, that were the major influence on the concept of unalienable rights in the United States Declaration of Independence but " an attempt to recreate ' civic republicanism ' established in classical Greece and Rome ".

By the late 1970s, the radicalism of Gay liberation was eclipsed by a return to a more formal movement that espoused gay and lesbian civil rights.

Some were active in the advocacy of women's rights and female suffrage, and a minority espoused Free Love: the popular perception of Spiritualists was often of radicals in the Victorian period.

In the UN and other human rights fora, Cameroon's non-confrontational approach has generally led it to avoid criticizing other countries.

A UN human rights expert reported in July 2007 that sexual atrocities against Congolese women go " far beyond rape " and include sexual slavery, forced incest, and cannibalism.

The preamble of the charter provides that the members " reaffirm faith in fundamental human rights, in the equal rights of men and women " and Article 1 ( 3 ) of the United Nations charter states that one of the purposes of the UN is: " to achieve international cooperation in solving international problems of an economic, social, cultural, or humanitarian character, and in promoting and encouraging respect for human rights and for fundamental freedoms for all without distinction as to race, sex, language, or religion ".

Despite this, the significance of the espousal of human rights within the UN charter must not be understated.

The importance of human rights on the global stage can be traced to the importance of human rights within the United Nations framework and the UN Charter can be seen as the starting point for the development of a broad array of declarations, treaties, implementation and enforcement mechanisms, UN organs, committees and reports on the protection of human rights.

In the hearings before the Ad Hoc Political Committee that considered Israel's application for membership in the United Nations, Abba Eban said that the rights stipulated in section C. Declaration, chapters 1 and 2 of UN resolution 181 ( II ) had been alluded to in the fundamental law of the state of Israel as proposed by the resolution.

Democracies in the developing world, due to their past colonial histories, often insist on non-interference in their internal affairs, particularly regarding human rights standards or their peculiar institutions, but often strongly support international law at the bilateral and multilateral levels, such as in the United Nations, and especially regarding the use of force, disarmament obligations, and the terms of the UN Charter.

Quasi-judicial institutions, by contrast, make rulings on cases, but these rulings are not in themselves legally binding ; the main example is the individual complaints mechanisms available under the various UN human rights treaties.

* Active participation in the work of international organizations, UN and its specialized agencies, WTO – and at the regional level – OSCE, Council of Europe against global threats: terrorism, proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, global warming, organized crime, damages to the environment, economic and social issues, disrespect for human rights etc.

Ireland supported a UN commission of inquiry and international level monitoring of the situation in Burma after 2008, as part of their efforts to support the Burmese people in their struggle for democracy and human rights.

The office is headed by the High Commissioner for Human Rights, who co-ordinates human rights activities throughout the UN System and supervises the Human Rights Council in Geneva, Switzerland.

The United Nations ( UN ) is an international organization whose stated aims are to facilitate cooperation in international law, international security, economic development, social progress, human rights, and achieving world peace.

Russia continues to implement the international commitments of the USSR, and has assumed the USSR's permanent seat in the UN Security Council, membership in other international organisations, the rights and obligations under international treaties, and property and debts.

Article 1 of the 1945 UN Charter includes " promoting and encouraging respect for human rights and for fundamental freedoms for all without distinction as to race " as UN purpose.

With the signature of the USA in 2009, the proposed UN declaration on LGBT rights has now been signed by every European secular state and all western nations, as well as other countries — 67 members of the UN in total.

He was stationed in San Francisco from 1869 through 1871 and he took out a patent for the cable car railway that still runs there, receiving a charter for its operation, but signing away his rights when he was reassigned.

The first charter of human rights by Cyrus the Great as understood in the Cyrus cylinder is often seen as a reflection of the questions and thoughts expressed by Zarathustra and developed in Zoroastrian schools of thought of the Achaemenid Era of Iranian history.

File: London 307. JPG | Room 52-The Cyrus Cylinder ; is regarded by many as the world ’ s first documented charter of human rights

Prior to the charter, there were various statutes which protected an assortment of civil rights and obligations, but nothing was enshrined in the constitution until 1982.

The charter has thus placed a strong focus upon individual and collective rights of the people of Canada.

When over 100 parliamentarians from the twelve member nations of the Council of Europe came together in Strasbourg in the summer of 1949 for the first ever meeting of the Council's Consultative Assembly, drafting a " charter of human rights " and creating a Court to enforce it was high on their agenda.

Enshrined in its charter was a mandate to promote many of the rights later included in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.

Henry secured his position among the nobles by an act of political appeasement: he issued a coronation charter guaranteeing the rights of free English folk, which was subsequently evoked by King Stephen and by Henry II before Archbishop Stephen Langton called it up in 1215 as a precedent for Magna Carta.

Gompers also set the agenda for the draft charter protecting workers ' rights.

The charter went beyond simply addressing specific baronial complaints, and formed a wider proposal for political reform, albeit one focusing on the rights of free men, not serfs and unfree labour.

Despite his promises to the contrary, John appealed to Innocent for help, observing that the charter compromised the pope's rights under the 1203 agreement that had appointed him John's feudal lord.

Imperial Germany set up a protectorate over the Sultan of Zanzibar's coastal possessions in 1885, followed by the arrival of Sir William Mackinnon's British East Africa Company ( BEAC ) in 1888, after the company had received a royal charter and concessionary rights to the Kenya coast from the Sultan of Zanzibar for a 50-year period.

In 1891 the Portuguese shifted the administration of much of the country to a large private company, under a charter granting sovereign rights for 50 years to the Mozambique Company, which, though it had its headquarters at Beira, was controlled and financed mostly by the British.

In the charter granted to this company by the German Imperial Government in May 1885, it was given the power to exercise sovereign rights over the territory and other " unoccupied " lands in the name of the government, and the ability to " negotiate " directly with the native inhabitants.

Fueros had an immense importance for those living under them, who were prepared to go to war to defend their rights under the charter.

The charter guarantees respect for universal standards of human rights to all subjects of the law.

Formal trading rights were introduced in 1614, and the city was incorporated through a royal charter in 1742.