This arrangement is for cooling the lower end of the shaft, as this end of the vertical rotor is on the hot end of the ducting.

The electrical energy efficiency of a typical industrial induction motor can be improved by: 1 ) reducing the electrical losses in the stator windings ( e. g., by increasing the cross-sectional area of the conductor, improving the winding technique, and using materials with higher electrical conductivities, such as copper ), 2 ) reducing the electrical losses in the rotor coil or casting ( e. g., by using materials with higher electrical conductivities, such as copper ), 3 ) reducing magnetic losses by using better quality magnetic steel, 4 ) improving the aerodynamics of motors to reduce mechanical windage losses, 5 ) improving bearings to reduce friction losses, and 6 ) minimizing manufacturing tolerances.

Either thrust bearings can be used for the shaft bearings, or the rotor can be designed so that the steam enters in the middle of the shaft and exits at both ends.

: " With proper use of the analytical results, the rotor efficiency using laminar flow can be very high, even above 95 %.

Other round shapes for rotors are possible as well in rotor valves, as long as the rotor can be turned inside the valve body.

They showed also that the rotor can be widened, keeping the rest of engine's architecture, thus increasing displacement and power output.

It was derived from a previous, unsuccessful Curtiss-Wright design, which failed because of a well-known problem with all internal combustion engines: the fixed speed at which the flame front travels limits the distance combustion can travel from the point of ignition in a given time, and thereby limiting the maximum size of the cylinder or rotor chamber which can be used.

The rotor alone can operate at 6, 000 to 17, 000 rpm, but with the flagellar filament attached usually only reaches 200 to 1000 rpm.

The direction of rotation can be switched almost instantaneously, caused by a slight change in the position of a protein, FliG, in the rotor.

The centre of gravity of the rotor can be in a fixed position.

The amount of energy that can safely be stored in the rotor depends on the point at which the rotor will warp or shatter.

The size resolution of this method scales approximately with the square of the particle radii, and by adjusting the rotor speed of the experiment size-ranges from 100 Da to 10 GDa can be covered.

Although the efficiency of a windpump is dependant on the type of bladed rotor and pump used, some general figures regarding its efficiency can be given.

A new development in stepper control is to incorporate a rotor position feedback ( e. g., a rotary encoder or resolver ), so that the commutation can be made optimal for torque generation according to actual rotor position.

A step motor can be viewed as a synchronous AC motor with the number of poles ( on both rotor and stator ) increased, taking care that they have no common denominator.

If a key of 676 length is not long enough, another rotor can be added, resulting in a period 17, 576 letters long.

The Woltmann meter comprises a rotor with helical blades inserted axially in the flow, much like a ducted fan ; it can be considered a type of turbine flow meter.

Transonic speeds can also occur at the tips of rotor blades of helicopters and aircraft.

There can be problems with cooling here, since the fan is usually mounted on the rotor.

The normal running windings within such a motor can cause the rotor to turn in either direction, so the starting circuit determines the operating direction.

The increase in oxygen uptake rates from 1.2 to 2.6 mg/l/hr which followed an increase in rotor speed was believed to be related to resuspension of solids which had settled at the lower rotor speeds.

Modern bicycle brakes may be: rim brakes, in which friction pads are compressed against the wheel rims ; internal hub brakes, in which the friction pads are contained within the wheel hubs ; or disc brakes, with a separate rotor for braking.

As the rotor turns, the part of the tube under compression closes ( or " occludes ") thus forcing the fluid to be pumped to move through the tube.

If the rotor disk is to be tilted forward ( to gain forward velocity ), its rotation requires that the downward net force on the blade be applied roughly 90 degrees ( depending on blade configuration ) before, or when the blade is to one side of the pilot and rotating forward.

Alternately, if the system contains a hazard source such as a battery or rotor, then it may be possible to remove the hazard from the system so that its failure modes cannot be catastrophic.

To maintain the correct rotor position and balancing, this force must be counteracted by an opposing force.

Theoretically centrifugal pumps could be used, but it is more compact to use a circulating flow between hollow threads in the rotor and the stator.

However, in order to attain high rotor efficiency, the flowrate number must be made small which means high rotor efficiency is achieved at the expense of using a large number of disks and hence a physically larger rotor.

Volute rotor matched Tesla-type machines of reasonable size with common fluids ( steam, gas, and water ) would also be expected to show efficiencies in the vicinity of 60 %-70 % and possibly higher.

In engines having more than two rotors, or two rotor race engines intended for high-rpm use, a multi-piece eccentric shaft may be used, allowing additional bearings between rotors.

Vertical motion is controlled with conventional rotor blade pitch and either a conventional helicopter collective control lever ( as in the Bell / Agusta BA609 ) or a unique control similar to a fixed wing engine control called a thrust control lever ( TCL ) ( as in the Bell-Boeing V-22 Osprey ).

Examples of some dangerous features included having rotors step one position with each keypress, and putting the fastest rotor ( the one that turns with every keypress ) at either end of the rotor series.

The key to the Hebern design was a disk with electrical contacts on either side, known today as a rotor.

Linking the contacts on either side of the rotor were wires, with each letter on one side being wired to another on the far side in a random fashion.

The 6x9-inch speaker vents to smaller louvers, cut on either side of the Leslie cabinet situated just under the top rotor louvers.

The small dishes may either be fixed ( much like DBS antennas ), positioned using a rotor ( usually DiSEqC-standard ) or may be toroidal in design ( twin toroidal reflectors focus the incoming signal as a line, not a point, so that multiple LNBs may receive signal from multiple satellites ).

K16 models used MEMS electronic engine management in either Single Point or Multi Point forms, with a single coil on the back of the engine block and a distributor cap and rotor arm on the end of the inlet camshaft.

* Siren: A sound signal which uses electricity or compressed air to actuate either a disc or a cup shaped rotor.

The NTSB considered the possibilities of a malfunction of the rudder power control unit ( PCU ) servo ( which might have caused the rudder to reverse ) and the effect that powerful rotor winds coming off of the nearby Rocky Mountains might have had, but there was not enough evidence to prove either hypothesis.

BVI noise can occur on either the advancing or retreating side of the rotor disk and its directivity is characterized by the precise orientation of the interaction.

If this is then compared at progressive offsets with the known letter-sequence of an Enigma rotor, quite a few possibilities are discounted due to violating either the " reciprocal " property or the " no-self-ciphering " property of the Enigma machine:

In brake systems, the operated devices are cylinders inside of brake calipers and / or drum brakes ; these cylinders may be called wheel cylinders or slave cylinders, and they push the brake pads towards a surface that rotates with the wheel ( this surface is typically either a drum, or a disc, a. k. a. a rotor ) until the stationary brake pad ( s ) create friction against that rotating surface ( typically the rotating surface is metal or ceramic / carbon, for their ability to withstand heat and friction without wearing-down rapidly ).

Larger volumes of tissue in homogenization media ( 100-2000 ml total ) are processed either by larger rotor / stator machines or by blade blenders ( often called a drink blenders ).

The armature can be on either the rotor or the stator.

The field can be on either the rotor or the stator and can be either an electromagnet or a permanent magnet.

Also, unpowered rotors used in autogyro, gyrodyne, and derived concepts do not need a tail rotor either, although nearly all models that utilize this concept of propulsion do need a second prop in one way or another to drive them forward to begin with.

A butterfly capacitor is a form of rotary variable capacitor with two independent sets of stator plates opposing each other, and a butterfly-shaped rotor arranged so that turning the rotor will vary the capacitances between the rotor and either stator equally.

A slip-controlled wound-rotor induction motor ( WRIM ) drive controls speed by varying motor slip via rotor slip rings either by electronically recovering slip power fed back to the stator bus or by varying the resistance of external resistors in the rotor circuit.