It only later underwent a significant shift in meaning toward a religiously justified war of liberation ( see the Augustinian concept of a Just War ).

At the same time, vika is the same word as a week ' seven days '; in both cases the real meaning is ' a shift, a rotation '.

But there has been a shift in the meaning of OS.

During this period the Letterist International also developed the situationist tactic of détournement, which by reworking or re-contextualizing an existing work of art or literature sought to radically shift its meaning to one with revolutionary significance.

There arose in his time a fundamental shift from understanding not only the exact words and their objective meaning to the individuality of the speaker or author.

They also gave an impetus to International Polar Years, meaning a shift from sports-like races of single expeditions to worldwide scientific cooperation in exploring the polar regions.

In later generations, a further shift left the word as meaning an individual person who belongs to such a non-Jewish people.

The shift in the use of " slacker " from its draft-related meaning to a more general sense of the avoidance of work is unclear.

The meaning that the Britannica gives as primary, it attributes to a shift during the 16th century, noting that the origin of the word is in the Old French " loialte ", that is in turn rooted in the Latin " lex ", meaning " law ".

Devices of altered signification shift the meaning of words.

With Abrams the evolution of meaning continued, and a lack of reference to Ruskin ’ s original sense of either pathos or fallacy indicates a shift away from the original meaning is largely complete.

There is a debate among scholars regarding the exact timing of the shift in meaning of the word Hellene.

It gained the EB II's 4. 0L OHC inline six-cylinder engine, with either a five-speed manual or four-speed auto transmissions ( floor or column shift ), meaning Ford could retire the old engine and transmission options.

Joan DelPlato has described the term's shift in meaning from Turkish to English and French:

given the results of a certain vowel shift in Yiddish, " Roytman " would be the Yiddish word with the English meaning " Redman ", whose German equivalent would be " Rothman ".

The cultural turn has been described by one of its most prominent historiographers as a “ wide array of new theoretical impulses coming from fields formerly peripheral to the social sciences ,” especially post-structuralism and various forms of linguistic analysis, which emphasized “ the causal and socially constitutive role of cultural processes and systems of signification .” It also describes a shift in emphasis toward meaning and away from a positivist epistemology.

With the shift towards meaning, the importance of high arts and mass culture in cultural studies has declined.

The reason for the differentiation is that there has been a historical shift in the meaning of what belonging to a nation means.

Biosemiotics attempts to integrate the findings of scientific biology and semiotics, proposing a paradigmatic shift in the occidental scientific view of life, demonstrating that semiosis ( sign process, including meaning and interpretation ) is its immanent and intrinsic feature.

From these examples it also follows that probably there was also a gradual shift of meaning of the res publica concept throughout the Roman era: the "( Roman ) Republic " connotation of res publica is something that rather occurs with retrospect to a closed period ( so less appararent in Cicero's time, who never knew the era of the Emperors, and could only compare with the epoch of the Kings ); on the other hand the translation of the Greek " politeia " concept appears to have nearly completely worn off in late antiquity.

**-chen ,-lein, -( l ) i, -( e ) le ( usually used with names ) in German, such as Hündchen or Hündlein ( from ' Hund ', meaning dog ) or Kalli ( from ' Karl ', a name ) or Häusle or Häusele ( from ' Haus ', meaning house ); a back vowel in the root is normally subjected to umlaut, i. e. shift from u, o, a to ü, ö, ä respectively ( e. g. Hund → Hündchen, Arm → Ärmchen, Holz → Hölzchen ).

Norman's adaptation of the concept has seen a further shift of meaning, in which the term affordance is used as an uncountable noun, referring to the property of an object or system's action possibilities being easily discoverable, as in " this web page has good affordance ," or " this button needs more affordance.

However, in recent decades, for what doubtless are multiple reasons, an unannounced but nonetheless readily observable shift has occurred in both facets of national activity.

The second involves something deeper, but its characteristic form focuses on a shift in policy for the community, not in the truth on which the community rests.

Here Wright gave a slight sigh of weariness, and continued, `` It means more long years lived across the social grain of the life of our people, making shift to live in the face of popular disrespect and misunderstanding as I best can for myself and those dependent upon me ''.

What are the possibilities for operating your cafeteria for a single shift only and relying upon vending machines or prepackaged sandwiches for the second- and third-shift operations??

Require each employee to work his last shift both before and after the holiday to be eligible for pay.

Corrections were applied for modulation broadening, apparatus background, and field shift.

If a child loses a molar at the age of two, the adjoining teeth may shift toward the empty space, thus narrowing the place intended for the permanent ones and producing a jumble.

The President had set for himself the task, which he believed vital, of awakening the U. S. and its allies to the hard and complex effort necessary to shift that balance.

The sets are remarkably elaborate for a road-show that doesn't pause long in any one place, and they are devised so that they shift with a minimum of interruption or obtrusiveness.

It allows compact encoding, but is less reliable for data transmission ; an error in transmitting the shift code typically makes a long part of the transmission unreadable.

For the rest of the two spacecrafts ' pass over the near side of the Moon, Mattingly prepared to shift Casper to a circular orbit while Young and Duke prepared Orion for the descent to the lunar surface.

When the particles are in great motion, they produce a Doppler shift for measuring wind speed in the laser light, which is used to calculate the speed of the particles, and therefore the air around the anemometer.

Although this shift was an important one, it did not represent a radical break from the past so much as a small step in a broader, more gradual socio-economic movement that had been going on at least since 1907 when van de Velde had argued for a craft basis for design while Hermann Muthesius had begun implementing industrial prototypes.

In vertebrates, vigorously contracting skeletal muscles ( during weightlifting or sprinting, for example ) do not receive enough oxygen to meet the energy demand, and so they shift to anaerobic metabolism, converting glucose to lactate.

This later proved a good foundation for the shift to web development tools.

A relatively small number of men were also employed on a part-time basis, typically for one shift each week ( e. g. Post Office employees who were experts in Morse code or the German language ).

In 1912 Vesto Slipher measured the first Doppler shift of a " spiral nebula " ( spiral nebula is the obsolete term for spiral galaxies ), and soon discovered that almost all such nebulae were receding from Earth.

In many new fleets, particularly in local transit systems, there is an increasing shift to low-floor buses primarily for easier accessibility.

This is partly attributed to a shift away from private motoring due to growing road congestion and increasing petrol prices, but also to the fact that travelling in general ( for all modes ) has increased with affluency.

By the early 20th century the Liberals stance began to shift towards " New Liberalism ", what would today be called social liberalism: a belief in personal liberty with a support for government intervention to provide minimum levels of welfare.

But the biggest shift in company history came in 1953 ; the Burroughs Adding Machine Company was renamed the Burroughs Corporation and began moving into computer products, initially for banking institutions.

The Urban Land Institute ( ULI ) awarded the Battery Park City Master Plan its 2010 Heritage Award, for having " facilitated the private development of 9. 3 million square feet of commercial space, 7. 2 million square feet of residential space, and nearly 36 acres of open space in lower Manhattan, becoming a model for successful large-scale planning efforts and marking a positive shift away from the urban renewal mindset of the time.