Unstable colloidal suspensions of low-volume fraction form clustered liquid suspensions, wherein individual clusters of particles fall to the bottom of the suspension ( or float to the top if the particles are less dense than the suspending medium ) once the clusters are of sufficient size for the Brownian forces that work to keep the particles in suspension to be overcome by gravitational forces.

The higher forces and pressures created by these changes created engine vibration and size problems that led to stiffer, more compact engines with V and opposed cylinder layouts replacing longer straight-line arrangements.

Because of their small size and limited projectile penetration compared to high-power rifle rounds, submachine guns are commonly favored by military, paramilitary and police forces for close-quarters engagements such as inside buildings, in urban areas or in trench complexes.

The International Crisis Group said in September 2010 that from 2001 to 2009 the size of the armed forces has risen dramatically from 10, 000 in 2001 to a reported 45, 000 in 2010 ( though the latter figure needs to be treated with great caution.

The arms limitation agreement set a ceiling on the size of each nation's military forces ( 2, 500 men for Honduras ) and included a United States-sponsored pledge to seek foreign assistance in establishing more professional armed forces.

In terms of numbers, the operations of the impi would change-from the Western equivalent of small company and battalion size forces, to maneuvers in multi-divisional strength of between 10, 000 and 40, 000 men.

Since the war, Kuwait, with the help of the United States and other allies, has made significant efforts to increase the size and modernity of their armed forces.

* List of countries by size of armed forces

Trade, commitment to democracy, and the country's small size are driving forces behind Mauritian foreign policy.

The fortress incorporates some of the pre-existing southern walls, the pre-existing structures including the keep of Santo Martini, the San Giovanni tower and an ancient basilica which now serves as the fortress chapel. Though the town itself was eventually conquered, the fortress itself was never taken, an admirable feat, considering the size of the Sienese and Florentine forces that besieged Montalcino at varying intervals.

The French Navy won some important victories near the end of the 17th century but a focus upon land forces led to the French Navy's relative neglect, which allowed the Royal Navy to emerge with an ever-growing advantage in size and quality, especially in tactics and experience, from 1695.

The influence of Gustav Mahler was particularly innovational ; in his later symphonies, such as the mammoth Symphony No. 8, Mahler pushes the furthest boundaries of orchestral size, employing huge forces.

The treaty is designed to enhance mutual understanding and confidence by giving all participants, regardless of size, a direct role in gathering information about military forces and activities of concern to them.

Although he came to power with army support, Amanullah alienated many army personnel by reducing both their pay and size of the forces and by altering recruiting patterns to prevent tribal leaders from controlling who joined the service.

After peace returned, the armed forces were slowly reduced in size, from around 13, 500 personnel in 2007 to 8, 500 in 2010.

Toroidal geometry can help to lessen the external magnetic forces and therefore reduces the size of mechanical support needed.

Currently, there is little need for toroidal geometry for small SMES, but as the size increases, mechanical forces become more important and the toroidal coil is needed.

These bishops were powerful landowners as well as ecclesiastical rulers, and they had begun to build new castles and increase the size of their military forces, leading Stephen to suspect that they were about to defect to the Empress Matilda.

Under the treaty, Germany lost around 13 percent of its home territory and all of its overseas colonies, while German annexation of other states was prohibited, reparations were imposed, and limits were placed on the size and capability of the country's armed forces.

When the true size of the fleets became apparent, Graves assumed that de Grasse and de Barras had already joined forces, and prepared for battle ; he directed his line toward the bay's mouth, assisted by winds from the north-northeast.

In a gas, the molecules have enough kinetic energy so that the effect of intermolecular forces is small ( or zero for an ideal gas ), and the typical distance between neighboring molecules is much greater than the molecular size.

To this day, the Belgians are remembered for their stubborn resistance during the early days of the war, with the army-around a tenth the size of the Germany Army-holding up the German offensive for nearly a month, giving the French and British forces time to prepare for the Marne counteroffensive later in the year.

Even small nations now had armies rivalling the size of the Great Powers ' forces of past wars.

We assume for this illustration that the size of the land plots is so great that the distance between dwellings is greater than the voice can carry and that most of the communication is between nearest neighbors only, as shown in Figure 2.

The ledger was full of most precise information: date of laying, length of incubation period, number of chick reaching the first week, second week, fifth week, weight of hen, size of rooster's wattles and so on, all scrawled out in a hand that looked more Chinese than English, the most jagged and sprawling Alex had ever seen.

I strongly recommend to the Congress the avoidance of mandatory floors on the size of the reserve components so that we may have the flexibility to make adjustments in keeping with military necessity.

The size of the unit was chosen so that the units derived from it in the MKSA system would be conveniently sized.

Absolute temperature measurement is uniquely determined by a multiplicative constant which specifies the size of the " degree ", so the ratios of two absolute temperatures, T < sub > 2 </ sub >/ T < sub > 1 </ sub >, are the same in all scales.

he ordered the construction of a small fleet, perhaps a dozen or so longships, that, at 60 oars, were twice the size of Viking warships.

While all modern variants of the acre contain 4, 840 square yards, there are alternative definitions of a yard, so the exact size of an acre depends on which yard it is based on.

Historically, the size of farms and landed estates in the United Kingdom was usually expressed in acres ( or acres, roods, and perches ), even if the number of acres was so large that it might conveniently have been expressed in square miles.

Because the original designer had left the company another employee completely redesigned most of the system, ( adding a display snow remover circuit, true 80 / 64 column text mode support, ( with different size letters for TRS-80 and CP / M mode, so that in TRS-80 mode the full screen was also used, not just a 64x16 portion of the 80x25 screen ) with an improved font set ( adding " gray scale " version of the TRS-80 mozaik graphics and many special PETSCII like characters ), and a more flexible and reliable floppy disk controller and keyboard interface plus many other small improvements ), also an enclosure was developed for the main computer system, ( in the form of a 19-inch rack for the Eurocards ) and for two floppy disk drives and the power supply.

As the size of the Australian diaspora has increased, so has the number of clubs outside Australia.

Some even depict it as a horned, dragon-like creature with a serpent-headed tail and small, round ears, while others have both " necks " of equal size so that it cannot be determined which is the rear head.

The length of an axon can be extraordinary: for example, if a pyramidal cell of the cerebral cortex were magnified so that its cell body became the size of a human body, its axon, equally magnified, would become a cable a few centimeters in diameter, extending more than a kilometer.

This means that the size, charge, and other chemical properties of the atoms and molecules attempting to cross it will determine whether they succeed in doing so.

As the key size increases, so does the complexity of exhaustive search to the point where it becomes impractable to crack encryption directly.

The stitcher counts the threads in each direction so that the stitches are of uniform size and appearance.

As the size of the potential payouts increase, so does the standard deviation.

Whenever one talks about the size, color, weight, composition, and so forth, of an object, one is talking about the properties of that object.

Glaeser furthers his argument by stating that bigger cities do not pay more for equal productivity than in a smaller city, so it is reasonable to assume that workers become more productive if they move to a city twice the size as they initially worked in.

In France, a steady linking of all the river systems — Rhine, Rhône, Saône and Seine — and the North Sea was boosted in 1879 by the establishment of the Freycinet gauge, which specified the minimum size of locks so that canal traffic doubled in the first decades of the 20th century.

There was speculation at the time, however, that the NSA has deliberately reduced the key size from the original value of 112 bits ( in IBM's Lucifer cipher ) or 64 bits ( in one of the versions of what was adopted as DES ) so as to limit the strength of encryption available to non-US users.

However, if clusters are selected with probability proportionate to size, the same number of interviews should be carried out in each sampled cluster so that each unit sampled has the same probability of selection.

CRT screens have much deeper cabinets compared to flat panels and rear-projection displays for a given screen size, and so it becomes impractical to have CRTs larger than.

Later after a financial review by the developer, they decided to reduce the height of the superstructure by increasing the size of the floor plate so as to reduce the complex architectural requirements of the tower base which means a highstrength concrete solution became possible.

The estimation of the monitor size by the distance between opposite corners does not take into account the display aspect ratio, so that for example a 16: 9 widescreen display has less area, than a 4: 3 screen.

Following World War II, the US Navy Department adopted the dog tags used by the US Army and Air Force, so a single shape and size became the American standard.