Lincoln was historian and economist enough to know that a substantial portion of this wealth had accumulated in the hands of the descendants of New Englanders engaged in the slave trade.

Under Lincoln's leadership, the Union set up a naval blockade that shut down the South's normal trade, took control of the border slave states at the start of the war, gained control of communications with gunboats on the southern river systems, and tried repeatedly to capture the Confederate capital at Richmond, Virginia.

Portuguese explorer Paulo Dias de Novais founded Luanda in 1575 as " São Paulo de Loanda ", and the region developed as a slave trade market with the help of local Imbangala and Mbundu peoples who were notable slave hunters.

Meanwhile, with the independence of Brazil in 1822, the slave trade was abolished in 1836, and in 1844 Angola's ports were opened to foreign shipping.

The Deep South had advocates to reopen the international slave trade to populate territory that was to be newly opened to slavery.

He was pressed into the Royal Navy, and after leaving the service became involved in the Atlantic slave trade.

These papal bulls came to serve as a justification for the subsequent era of slave trade and European colonialism.

Together with earlier arrivals to the United States ( including the indigenous American Indians, Hispanic and Latino Americans, particularly in the West, Southwest, and Texas ; African Americans who came to the United States in the Atlantic slave trade ; and early colonial migrants from Britain, France, Germany, Spain, and elsewhere ), these new waves of immigrants had a pro profound impact on national or regional cuisine.

The 17th-century rise of Britain's American colonies and the rapid 18th-century expansion of the Atlantic slave trade had made Bristol an important international sea port, and Teach was most likely raised in what was the second-largest city in England.

In March 1807, Britain, which largely controlled the Atlantic, declared the trans-atlantic slave trade illegal, as did the United States.

Approximately 12 million Africans were shipped to the Americas during the Atlantic slave trade from 1492 to 1888.

The northern part of Cameroon was an important part of the Muslim slave trade network.

Spain also restricted Cuba's access to the slave trade, which was dominated by the British, French, and Dutch.

Use of modern refining techniques was especially important because the British Slave Trade Act 1807 abolished the slave trade in the British Empire ( but slavery itself remained legal until the Slavery Abolition Act 1833 ).

The Spanish were interested in keeping their trade routes and slave trade routes protected.

In 1820, Spain abolished the slave trade, hurting the Cuban economy even more and forcing planters to buy more expensive, illegal, and troublesome slaves ( as demonstrated by the events surrounding the ship Amistad ).

The 1830s saw a surge of the reformist movement, whose main leader was José Antonio Saco, standing out for his criticism of Spanish despotism and the slave trade.

Nonetheless, Spain had long been under pressure to end the slave trade.

The radicals saw parliamentary reform as a first step toward dealing with their many grievances, including the treatment of Protestant Dissenters, the slave trade, high prices and high taxes.

In Northeastern Brazil and among the diaspora of its population in other Brazilian regions, cuzcuz ( locally, in Rio de Janeiro, in São Paulo ), a steamed cake of couscous and corn flour ( a mixture called fubá, pronounced, said to be of African origin from the slave trade ), is a popular meal, served in many forms: With sugar and milk, with varied meats, with cheese and eggs, and so on.

Prior to the end of the slave trade and widespread abolition, when indigenous labour was unavailable, slaves were often imported to the Americas, first by the Spanish Empire, and later by the Dutch, French and British.

The British, French and Dutch joined in the slave trade in subsequent centuries.

Col. Henri Garvier was one of New Orleans' most important and enlightened slave owners.

He was possessive in his manner and, though a slave, obviously was educated after a fashion and imitated the manners of his owners.

This young slave was therefore quite unprepared when Delphine Lalaurie signaled that she wanted him to draw near.

His bold eyes raked the woman, and a perceptive spectator might sense that there was more to their relationship than that of slave to owner.

Airless and dingy though it was, the attic represented luxury to a slave who had led a wretched life with six brothers and sisters and assorted relatives in a shanty at Bayou St. John.

He bounced exuberantly on the sagging bed and was even more delighted when Madame Lalaurie -- after closing the door -- showed the slave that the bed was designed for something other than slumber.

Much as he abhorred slavery, Lincoln was always willing to concede to each `` slave state '' the right to decide independently whether to continue or end it.

In the pre-Civil War years, the South argued that the slave was not less humanely treated than the factory worker of the North.

The slave is owner, And ever was.

yet was never caught up in it -- never a slave to its academic dialectics.

On October 31, 1859, John Brown was found guilty of treason against the state of Virginia, inciting slave rebellion, and murder.

In rejecting any claim to the value of the slave property, Palfrey was giving up close to $7,000.

Should any slave change his mind and request to leave earlier, Giffen was to provide passage at once.

To help him on this religious aspect of primitive jazz he had `` Big '' Miller, as a preacher-singer and Hannah Dean, Gospel-singer, while Oscar Brown Jr., an extremely talented young man, did a slave auctioneer's call, a field-hands' work song, and a beautifully sung Negro lullaby, `` Brown Baby '', which was one of the truly moving moments of the festival.

Was B'dikkat a crazy slave to his own duty or was he a man who had hopes of going back to his own planet some day, surrounded by a family of little cow-people resembling himself??

His election was the signal for seven southern slave states to declare their secession from the Union and form the Confederacy.

Lincoln's father-in-law was based in Lexington, Kentucky ; he and others of the Todd family were either slave owners or slave traders.

But political debate was cut short throughout the South with Northern abolitionist John Brown's 1859 raid at Harpers Ferry Armory in an attempt to incite slave insurrections.

Furthermore, owing to entrenched opposition from Southern slave states, Haiti did not receive U. S. diplomatic recognition until 1862 ( after those states had seceded from the Union ) – largely through the efforts of anti-slavery senator Charles Sumner of Massachusetts.

Among southern Africans, who were largely not a part of the Atlantic slave trade, it represented the wife's commitment or willingness to clean the courtyard of the new home she had joined.

Its European peoples, of ethnic French, Spanish and Mexican descent, were largely Catholic ; in addition, there was a large population of enslaved Africans made up of a high proportion of recent arrivals from Africa, as Spain had continued the international slave trade.

Among the Cherokee, records show that slave holders in the tribe were largely the children of European men that had shown their children the economics of slavery.

The slave trade was largely a by-product of tribal and state warfare as a way of removing potential dissidents after victory or financing future wars.

Charles Sumner and Thaddeus Stevens, leaders of the Radical Republicans, were initially hesitant to enfranchise the largely illiterate former slave population.

Born in Baltimore County, Maryland to a free African-American woman and a former slave, Banneker had little formal education and was largely self-taught.

Hentz's 1854 novel, widely-read at the time but now largely forgotten, offers a defense of slavery as seen through the eyes of a northern woman — the daughter of an abolitionist, no less — who marries a southern slave owner.

John Brown planned to arm a rebel slave army in America largely with pikes.

Construction of a new courthouse was begun at the center of the town square in 1857 and completed in 1859, and was facilitated largely by slave labor.

Before the mid-nineteenth century, the predominantly Quaker community was largely isolated politically, culturally and geographically from the plantation and slave owning eastern regions of North Carolina that dominated the state legislature.

Several notable historians and economists such as Eric Williams, Walter Rodney and Karl Marx contend that the global capitalist economy was largely founded on the creation and produce of thousands of slave labour camps based in colonial plantations exploiting tens of millions of abducted Africans.

The overseers ( largely former slave masters ) were necessary because the slaves would lapse into laziness.

Due largely to extremely harsh working conditions the colony experienced four slave revolts ; the first in 1765, and the last in 1820.

A descendant of slave owners, Wilson lent her prestige to the cause of improving housing in the capital's largely black slums.

( Their large scale has led to a controversial opinion in the West that the economic growth of the Soviet Union was largely based on the slave labor of Gulag prisoners.

This was largely done through architectural techniques such as incorporating positions where panoptic views can be achieved into the construction of planters and / or overseers homes or by constructing slave villages that were in the plain view or line of sight of the homes of the overseer and / or plantation owner.

At a place known as the " Narrows of the Harpeth ", near a prehistoric site known as Mound Bottom — an area dotted with Native American ceremonial and burial mounds of the Mississippian culture — ironmaster Montgomery Bell built an iron mill, largely through the use of slave labor.

A number of early European colonies in the New World were largely plantocracies, usually consisting of a small European settler population relying on a predominantly West African chattel slave population ( as well as smaller numbers of indentured slaves, both European and non-European in origin ), and later, " freed "- Black and poor-white sharecroppers for labour.

Early historical accounts of the Atlantic slave trade were largely written for a popular audience by abolitionists and former slaves like Olaudah Equiano who emphasized its profoundly negative effects on African peoples.

Because of its relative remoteness in the southern Congo, Kuba was largely spared the turmoil of both European and Arab slave trades.

The Songhai leadership were largely coopted by the French Colonial administration upon their arrival around 1900, while much of the Dogon community fled to nearby mountains, a process that had earlier begun to escape Moorish slave raids.

Contemporary historians are largely unsympathetic to arguments that secession was not motivated by slave ownership.