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Page "Speech recognition" ¶ 79
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sound and waves
Teeth again flashing back at me, the driver released a deluge of Spanish in which `` amigo '' appeared every so often like an island in the stormy waves of surrounding sound.
Our readers are familiar with the principles of sonar where sound waves are sent out in water and the echoes then indicate submerged objects.
Various methods of pulsing, scanning, and displaying these sound waves are used to detect submarines, map ocean floors, and even communicate under water.
We know that the number of radio and television impulses, sound waves, ultra-violet rays, etc., that may occupy the very same space, each solitary upon its own frequency, is infinite.
For example, in an analog audio signal, the instantaneous voltage of the signal varies continuously with the pressure of the sound waves.
Acoustics is the interdisciplinary science that deals with the study of all mechanical waves in gases, liquids, and solids including vibration, sound, ultrasound and infrasound.
In fluids such as air and water, sound waves propagate as disturbances in the ambient pressure level.
Acoustic theory is the field relating to mathematical description of sound waves.
The propagation of sound waves in a fluid ( such as water ) can be modeled by an equation of motion ( conservation of momentum ) and an equation of continuity ( conservation of mass ).
* Absorption ( acoustics ), absorption of sound waves by a material
Additive synthesis is a sound synthesis technique that creates timbre by adding sine waves together.
Audio signals are sound waves — longitudinal waves which travel through air, consisting of compressions and rarefactions.
Analog ( or analogue ) television is the analog transmission that involves the broadcasting of encoded analog audio and analog video signal: one in which the information to be transmitted, the brightness and colors of the points in the image and the sound waves of the audio signal are represented by continuous variations of some aspect of the signal ; its amplitude, frequency or phase.
At the speed of sound the way that lift is generated changes dramatically, from being dominated by Bernoulli's principle to forces generated by shock waves.
Image showing shock waves from NASA's X-43A hypersonic research vehicle in flight at Mach 7, generated using a computational fluid dynamics algorithm. On September 30, 1935 an exclusive conference was held in Rome with the topic of high velocity flight and the possibility of breaking the sound barrier.
Sonic anemometers, first developed in the 1950s, use ultrasonic sound waves to measure wind velocity.
* The high speed of electromagnetic waves is roughly analogous to the speed of sound in a gas ( these waves move through the medium much faster than any individual particles do )
This analogy is extremely simplistic and incomplete: The rapid propagation of a sound wave does not impart any change in the air molecules ' drift velocity, whereas EM waves do carry the energy to propagate the actual current at a rate which is much, much higher than the electrons ' drift velocity.
Through the construction of a glass tube filled with mercury and plugged at each end with a quartz crystal, delay lines could store bits of information within the quartz and transfer it through sound waves propagating through mercury.
Life in the sea accounts for the cetacean's loss of its external ears, whose function is to collect and focus airborne sound waves.
Electronic keyboards make music through sound waves.
The audio is then extracted from the rectified carrier wave using a simple filter and fed into an audio amplifier or transducer, which generates sound waves.
** Acoustic dispersion, for sound waves

sound and can
When words can be used in a more fresh and primitive way so that they strike with the force of sights and sounds, when tones of sound and colors of paint and the carven shape all strike the sensibilities with an undeniable force of data in and of themselves, compelling the observer into an attitude of attention, all this imitates the way experience itself in its deepest character strikes upon the door of consciousness and clamors for entrance.
That such expansion can be obtained without a raise in taxes is due to growth of the tax digest and sound fiscal planning on the part of the board of commissioners, headed by Chairman Charles O. Emmerich who is demonstrating that the public trust he was given was well placed, and other county officials.
He can smell again the perfume she wore and recall the lilting sound of laughter, and can smell again the aroma of autumn -- fallen leaves, the wine of cool air, and the nostalgia of woodsmoke which blows through all the winds of fall.
If the argument is accepted as essentially sound up to this point, it remains for us to consider whether the patient's difficulties in orienting himself spatially and in locating objects in space with the sense of touch can be explained by his defective visual condition.
Good operational intelligence can ensure sound planning, greatly reduce force requirements, and increase tactical effectiveness.
If he is not told which of four or five readings was meant for him, he can more readily assess each item in a larger frame: `` Does that statement really sound as if it were for me, significant in my particular life??
Most salamanders are considered voiceless but the California giant salamander ( Dicamptodon ensatus ) has vocal cords and can produce a rattling or barking sound.
The smallest sound that a person can hear, known as the threshold of hearing, is nine orders of magnitude smaller than the ambient pressure.
Since in oral languages the elements of sound are for the most part produced linearly in time ( that is, in a word like cat the a sound comes after the c sound, and the t sound comes after that ), they can generally be easily written in a linear ( one-dimensional ) writing system such as an alphabet.
The bulk modulus can be expressed in terms of the density and the speed of sound in the medium () as
The concept occurs when a unit of meaning can vary in sound without changing meaning.
This means that opaque ( if not minimal ) contrasts can occur in languages like Italian ( with the i-like sound of piede ' foot ', appearing in the nucleus:, and that of piano ' slow ', appearing in the syllable onset: ) and Spanish ( with a near minimal pair being abyecto ' abject ' and abierto ' opened ').
Paula can read directly from the system's RAM, using direct memory access ( DMA ), making sound playback without CPU intervention possible.
Solid backs and sides can also contribute to a pleasant sound, although laminated sides and backs are acceptable alternatives, commonly found in mid-level guitars ( in the range of US $ 300 –$ 1000 ).
Commonly used for storing uncompressed ( PCM ), CD-quality sound files, which means that they can be large in size — around 10 MB per minute.
Short of actually playing a sound in the desired environment, the effect of echo can be implemented using either digital or analog methods.
The carrier is never shut off altogether ; this is to ensure that intercarrier sound demodulation can still occur.
This might sound complex, but first of all the number of di-atomic molecules that can exist at the temperatures of the atomizers used in AAS is relatively small, and second, the correction is performed by the computer within a few seconds.
Aerodynamic problems can also be classified according to whether the flow speed is below, near or above the speed of sound.
But at the speed of sound this can no longer happen, and the air which was previously following the streamline around the aircraft now hits it directly.

1.016 seconds.