where is the acoustic pressure and is the acoustic fluid velocity vector, is the vector of spatial coordinates, is the time, is the static mass density of the medium and is the bulk modulus of the medium.

* Elastic properties of the elements ( data page ) — Young's modulus, Poisson ratio, bulk modulus, shear modulus

With a bulk modulus of about 27 MPa it is ~ 100 times more compressible than water.

Neutrons are the most " rigid " objects known ; their Young modulus ( or more accurately, bulk modulus ) is 20 orders of magnitude larger than that of diamond.

The speed is determined by the water's bulk modulus and mass density.

The bulk modulus is affected by temperature, dissolved impurities ( usually salinity ), and pressure.

or the square root of the adiabatic bulk modulus divided by the ambient fluid density ( see speed of sound ).

The restoring force, which acts to return the medium to its original position, is provided by the medium's bulk modulus.

: E is a coefficient of stiffness, the bulk modulus ( or the modulus of bulk elasticity for gases ),

For ideal gases the bulk modulus P is simply the gas pressure multiplied by the adiabatic index.

For a gas, K ( the bulk modulus in equations above, equivalent to C, the coefficient of stiffness in solids ) is approximately given by

The inverse of the compressibility is called the bulk modulus, often denoted K ( sometimes B ).

Metglas 2605SC also exhibits a very strong ΔE-effect with reductions in the effective Young's modulus up to about 80 % in bulk.

It is also commonly called the elastic modulus or modulus of elasticity, because Young's modulus is the most common elastic modulus used, but there are other elastic moduli measured, too, such as the bulk modulus and the shear modulus.

However, the surface temperature gradient can produce erroneous vapor-pressure measurements for the bulk liquid helium unless precautions are taken to isolate the tube ( which passes through the surface to the vapor pressure bulb ) from the liquid helium surface.

Local libraries find, too, that the new plan saves tax dollars because books can be bought through the system, and since the system buys in bulk it is able to obtain larger discounts than would be available to an individual library.

A continuum is a body that can be continually sub-divided into infinitesimal elements with properties being those of the bulk material.

Symmetric-key ciphers are suitable for bulk encryption using shared keys, and public-key encryption using digital certificates can provide a practical solution for the problem of securely communicating when no key is shared in advance.

However, because the SEM image relies on surface processes rather than transmission, it is able to image bulk samples up to many centimetres in size and ( depending on instrument design and settings ) has a great depth of field, and so can produce images that are good representations of the three-dimensional shape of the sample.

Grains may be preserved using carbon dioxide by one of two methods ; either using a block of dry ice placed in the bottom and the can is filled with grain or the container can be purged from the bottom by gaseous carbon dioxide from a cylinder or bulk supply vessel.

Thread used in weaving is usually much finer than the yarn used in knitting, which can give the knitted fabric more bulk and less drape than a woven fabric.

In laser ablation for example, a small volume of material at the surface of a work piece can be evaporated if it is heated in a very short time, whereas supplying the energy gradually would allow for the heat to be absorbed into the bulk of the piece, never attaining a sufficiently high temperature at a particular point.

Changes in the temperature, pressure, and bulk composition of a rock mass cause changes in its mineralogy ; however, a rock can maintain its bulk composition, but as long as temperature and pressure change, its mineralogy can change as well.

The actual numerical difference can be very small when considering small molecules and the molecular mass of the most common isotopomer in which case the error only matters to physicists and a small subset of highly specialized chemists ; however it is always more correct, accurate and consistent to use molar mass in any bulk stoichiometric calculations.

Although this difference is trivial in bulk chemistry calculations, it can result in complete failure in situations where the behavior of individual molecules matters, such as in mass spectrometry and particle physics ( where the mixture of isotopes does not act as an average ).

* Molecular self-assembly-Arbitrary sequences of DNA can now be synthesized cheaply in bulk, and used to create custom proteins or regular patterns of amino acids.

It is an exothermic reaction which can release large amounts of energy both as electromagnetic radiation and as kinetic energy of the fragments ( heating the bulk material where fission takes place ).

Metal can still be sold in bulk to a bullion dealer or smelter for the value by weight of the component metals.

Sodium content in bulk may be determined by treating with a large excess of uranyl zinc acetate ; the hexahydrate ( UO < sub > 2 </ sub >)< sub > 2 </ sub > ZnNa ( CH < sub > 3 </ sub > CO < sub > 2 </ sub >)· 6H < sub > 2 </ sub > O precipitates, which can be weighed.

In particular, it can be seen that the Néel relaxation time is an exponential function of the grain volume, which explains why the flipping probability becomes rapidly negligible for bulk materials or large nanoparticles.

Statistical mechanics provides a framework for relating the microscopic properties of individual atoms and molecules to the macroscopic bulk properties of materials that can be observed in everyday life, therefore explaining thermodynamics as a result of classical and quantum-mechanical description of statistics and mechanics at the microscopic level.

Statistical mechanics provides a framework for relating the microscopic properties of individual atoms and molecules to the macroscopic or bulk properties of materials that can be observed in everyday life, therefore explaining thermodynamics as a natural result of statistics, classical mechanics, and quantum mechanics at the microscopic level.

If the waves have the correct frequency ( or wavelength ) and polarization, their energy can be transferred to the charged particles in the plasma, which in turn collide with other plasma particles, thus increasing the temperature of the bulk plasma.

Besides the pottery glazes, uranium tile glazes accounted for the bulk of the use, including common bathroom and kitchen tiles which can be produced in green, yellow, mauve, black, blue, red and other colors.

In accordance with legislation passed at the last session of Congress, each Representative is authorized to deliver to the Post Office in bulk newsletters, speeches and other literature to be dropped in every letter box in his district.

Because agricultural activities are seasonal and the areas of production and harvest of many foods are widely scattered geographically, and because of the high cost of transporting bulk food items any substantial distance to a central processing location, the use of large central processing stations, where low-cost radiation facilities approaching the megawatt range might be utilized, is inherently impracticable.

On 27 November 1895, at the Swedish-Norwegian Club in Paris, Nobel signed his last will and testament and set aside the bulk of his estate to establish the Nobel Prizes, to be awarded annually without distinction of nationality.

WSC affected all Test playing nations but it weakened Australia especially as the bulk of its players had signed up with Packer ; the Australian Cricket Board ( ACB ) would not select WSC-contracted players and an almost completely new Test team had to be formed.

At this stage, it wasn't clear what atoms were although they could be described and classified by their properties ( in bulk ) in a periodic table.

The Apicomplexa comprise the bulk of what used to be called the Sporozoa, a group for parasitic protozoans without flagella, pseudopods, or cilia.

Speculators, be they amateurs or commercial buyers, generally purchase coins in bulk and often act with the expectation of short-term profit.

The bulk of these words were originally coined in the Shanghai dialect during the early 20th century and were later loaned into Mandarin, hence their pronunciations in Mandarin may be quite off from the English.

Since diamond has the highest thermal conductivity of any bulk material, layering diamond onto high heat producing electronics ( such as optics and transistors ) allows the diamond to be used as a heat sink.

Although the content of the document file is arranged in a format that the word-processing program understands, the user is able to choose the name and location of the file and provide the bulk of the information ( such as words and text ) that will be stored in the file.

These have more to do with the simplified models of bulk matter used, and in any case have nothing to do with general relativity, and need to be excluded.

If no bulk flow occurs in an element of length dx, the rates of diffusion of two gases A and B must be equal and opposite, that is.

The isotope of einsteinium with the longest half life, einsteinium-252 ( half life 471. 7 days ) would be more suitable for investigation of physical properties, but it has proven far more difficult to produce and is available only in minute quantities, and not in bulk.

Most of the bulk semi-smokeless powders ceased to be manufactured in the 1920s.

# Public holiday, a day decreed by government as a day when the bulk of the population is not normally expected to be at work, such as Australia Day, Anzac Day, bank holidays or Christmas Day.

There is still no consensus ; what does seem to be in agreement however is that the bulk of England's contemporary native population was already in place by the beginning of written history in this part of the world.

Canals were the first technology to allow bulk materials to be easily transported across the country, coal being a common commodity.