When the nematode C. elegans egg is fertilized the sperm delivers a pair of centrioles.

In the male reproductive system, the seminal vesicles contribute up to 100 % of the total volume of the semen and contain mucus, amino acids, prostaglandins, vitamin C, and fructose as the main energy source for the sperm.

After the Napoleonic Wars the government issued subsidies in an attempt to revive the trade once more, but it wasn't until 1832, with a further increase in bounties, that several whalers were sent by C. A. Gaudin on sperm whaling voyages.

Different forms of anisogamy: A ) anisogamy of motile cells, B ) oogamy ( egg cell and sperm cell ), C ) anisogamy of non-motile cells ( egg cell and spermatia )

In salamandrids, the male deposits a bundle of sperm, the spermatophore, and the female picks it up and inserts it into her cloaca where the sperm is stored until the eggs are laid.

Fertilisation is likely to be external as sirenids lack the cloacal glands used by male salamandrids to produce spermatophores and the females lack spermathecae for sperm storage.

The paired Müllerian glands inside the male cloaca secrete a fluid which resembles that produced by mammalian prostate glands and which may transport and nourish the sperm.

In most of these, the male deposits a spermatophore, a small packet of sperm on top of a gelatinous cone, on the substrate either on land or in the water.

The female takes the sperm packet into her vent by grasping it with the lips of the cloaca.

Certain primitive salamanders in the families Sirenidae, Hynobiidae and Cryptobranchidae practice external fertilisation in a similar manner to frogs, with the female laying the eggs in water and the male releasing sperm onto the egg mass.

They remain in amplexus with their cloacae positioned close together while she lays her eggs and he covers them with his sperm.

An exception is the granular poison frog ( Oophaga granulifera ) where the male and female place their cloacae in close proximity while facing in opposite directions and then release eggs and sperm simultaneously.

This frog lives in fast-flowing streams and internal fertilisation will prevent the sperm from being washed away before fertilisation occurs.

The abalone shell has a series of holes near the anterior margin, that are respiratory apertures for the venting of water from the gills and for releasing sperm and eggs into the water column at the appropriate time.

Ambergris is the waxy aromatic substance created in the intestines of sperm whales and was used in making perfumes both in ancient times as well as modern.

The scent of amber was originally derived from emulating the scent of ambergris and / or labdanum but due to the endangered status of the sperm whale the scent of amber is now largely derived from labdanum.

Ambergris ( or,, Ambre gris, ambergrease or grey amber ) is a solid, waxy, flammable substance of a dull gray or blackish color produced in the digestive system of and regurgitated or defecated by sperm whales.

Ambergris occurs as a biliary secretion of the intestines of the sperm whale and can be found floating upon the sea, or in the sand near the coast.

Perfumes can still be found with ambergris around the world, it is collected from remains found at sea and on beaches, although its precursor originates from the sperm whale, which is a vulnerable species.

In Chapter 91 of Moby Dick, Stubb, one of the mates of the Pequod ( captained by Ahab ), cons the captain of a French whaler ( Rose-bud ) into abandoning the corpse of a sperm whale found floating in the sea.

In Tales from the Crypt # 44 a plague-stricken man is eaten by a sperm whale, which produces ambergris that results in a cursed perfume.

All species emit sperm into the water.

Some also release ova into the water, while others capture sperm via their tentacles to fertilize their ova internally.

It can be used to target somatic cells ( i. e., those of the body ) or gamete ( i. e., egg and sperm ) cells.

In contrast, in germline gene therapy, the egg and sperm cells of the parents are changed for the purpose of passing on the changes to their offspring.

Upon release, embryonic development begins ; absent sperm, growth stops after the first few cell divisions.

Deviations from this structure include Drosophila melanogaster embryos, with nine doublets, and Caenorhabditis elegans sperm cells and early embryos, with nine singlets ;.

When the sperm breaks through the hard outer shell of the egg a new cell embryo is formed, which, in humans, grows to full size in 9 months.

The lifespan of the capybara's sperm is longer than that of other rodents.

In multicellular organisms, chemotaxis is critical to early development ( e. g. movement of sperm towards the egg during fertilization ) and subsequent phases of development ( e. g. migration of neurons or lymphocytes ) as well as in normal function.

Fellatio alone cannot result in pregnancy, as there is no way for ingested sperm from the penis to enter the uterus and fallopian tubes to fertilize an egg.

In species that produce two morphologically distinct types of gametes, and in which each individual produces only one type, a female is any individual that produces the larger type of gamete — called an ovum ( or egg )— and a male produces the smaller tadpole-like type — called a sperm.

This is an example of anisogamy or heterogamy, the condition wherein females and males produce gametes of different sizes ( this is the case in humans ; the human ovum has approximately 100, 000 times the volume of a single human sperm cell ).

In contrast to a gamete, the diploid somatic cells of an individual contain one copy of the chromosome set from the sperm and one copy of the chromosome set from the egg ; that is, the cells of the offspring have genes expressing characteristics of both the father and the mother.

In germline cells the imprint is erased and then re-established according to the sex of the individual ; i. e. in the developing sperm ( during spermatogenesis ), a paternal imprint is established, whereas in developing oocytes ( oogenesis ), a maternal imprint is established.

** Cation channels of sperm: This small family of channels, normally referred to as Catsper channels, is related to the two-pore channels and distantly related to TRP channels.

Immediately prior to insertion, the clinician will perform a pelvic exam to determine the position of the uterus .< ref name =" Dean 2011 "> p. 150: Mechanism of action Although the precise mechanism of action is not known, currently available IUCs work primarily by preventing sperm from fertilizing ova .< sup > 26 </ sup > IUCs are not abortifacients: they do not interrupt an implanted pregnancy .< sup > 27 </ sup > Pregnancy is prevented by a combination of the " foreign body effect " of the plastic or metal frame and the specific action of the medication ( copper or levonorgestrel ) that is released.

Research has shown that ovaries lacking Rspo1 or Wnt4 will exhibit sex reversal of the gonads, the formation of ovotestes and the differentiation of somatic sertoli cells, which aid in the development of sperm.

This is accompanied by a very low sperm count, motility, and deformed flagella.

The sperm have a complex multi-layered structure, which is a continuous belt of basal bodies that form the base of several thousand flagella which actually have a cilia-like motion.

The flagella / cilia apparatus pulls the body of the sperm forwards.

Cycads and Ginkgo have motile sperm that swim directly to the egg inside the ovule, whereas conifers and gnetophytes have sperm with no flagella that are conveyed to the egg along a pollen tube.

Primary ciliary dyskinesia ( PCD ), also known as immotile ciliary syndrome, is a rare, ciliopathic, autosomal recessive genetic disorder that causes a defect in the action of the cilia lining the respiratory tract ( lower and upper, sinuses, Eustachian tube, middle ear ) and fallopian tube, and also of the flagella of sperm in males.

Motile sperm cells typically move via flagella and require a water medium in order to swim toward the egg for fertilization.

Non-motile sperm cells called spermatia lack flagella and therefore cannot swim.