In a culture that set a high value on oratory and public performances of all kinds, in which the production of books was very labor-intensive, the majority of the population was illiterate, and where those with the leisure to enjoy literary works also had slaves to read for them, written texts were more likely to be seen as scripts for recitation than as vehicles of silent reflection.

The word is found in Gnostic texts such as the Holy Book of the Great Invisible Spirit, and also appears in the Greek Magical Papyri.

The, also called Aynu, Aino ( アイノ ), and in historical texts Ezo ( 蝦夷 ), are indigenous people or groups in Japan and Russia.

The term is less common in modern texts, and was originally derived from a dichotomy with major tranquilizers, also known as neuroleptics or antipsychotics.

The English word " amputation " was first applied to surgery in the 17th century, possibly first in Peter Lowe's A discourse of the Whole Art of Chirurgerie ( published in either 1597 or 1612 ); his work was derived from 16th century French texts and early English writers also used the words " extirpation " ( 16th century French texts tended to use extirper ), " disarticulation ", and " dismemberment " ( from the Old French desmembrer and a more common term before the 17th century for limb loss or removal ), or simply " cutting ", but by the end of the 17th century " amputation " had come to dominate as the accepted medical term.

He was also the one responsible for replacing the title God in the Hebrew texts to read ' Lord of Hosts.

This is also true of most other texts containing prophetic gestures.

These texts also share an interest in challenging traditional views of the nature of divine justice.

English texts on the right side of the vehicle are also quite commonly written in reverse order.

Taoism ( Daoism ) is a philosophy and later also developed into a religion based on the texts the Tao Te Ching ( Dào Dé Jīng ; ascribed to Laozi ) and the Zhuangzi ( partly ascribed to Zhuangzi ).

* http :// perso. club-internet. fr / brassy / PartMed / Cantigas / CSMIDI. html ( French site: MIDI files based on Anglés transcriptions ; also texts but with many OCR errors and thousands of missing letters.

Within Chinese medicine texts the Wu Xing are also referred to as Wu Yun ( 五運 wŭ yùn ) or a combination of the two characters ( Wu Xing-Yun ) these emphasise the correspondence of five elements to five ' seasons ' ( four seasons plus one ).

The island is first referred to as Kaptara in texts from the Syrian city of Mari dating from the 18th century BC, repeated later in Neo-Assyrian records and the Bible ( Caphtor ) It was also known in ancient Egyptian as Keftiu, strongly suggesting some form similar to both was the Minoan name for the island.

" In some texts the English term cauldron is also used.

Contrary to popular simplifications ( present also in some academic texts ), not all CISCs are microcoded or have " complex " instructions.

In Anglo-Saxon England, as prescribed in Leechdoms, Wortcunning, and Starcraft of Early England ( also called Læceboc ) ( many of whose recipes were borrowed from Greek medicinal texts ), dill was used in many traditional medicines, including medicines against jaundice, headache, boils, lack of appetite, stomach problems, nausea, liver problems, and much more.

It is commonly said that Judaism officially excluded the deuterocanonicals and the additional Greek texts listed here from their Scripture in the Council of Jamnia ( c. 70-90 AD ), but this claim is also disputed.

There was also a Dance of Death painted in the 1540s on the walls of the cloister of St Paul's Cathedral, London with texts by John Lydgate, which was destroyed in 1549.

The way elemental oppositions are put to work in all texts it's not only a theoretical operation but also a practical option.

" At the same time for Derrida deconstruction is also a " structuralist gesture " because it is concerned with the structure of texts.

The older mixed Vulgate / Diatessaron text type also appears to have continued as a distinct tradition, as such texts appear to underlie surviving 13th-14th century Gospel harmonies in Middle Dutch, Middle High German, Middle French, Middle English, Tuscan and Venetian ; although no example of this hypothetical Latin sub-text has ever been identified.

Another method specified by Chinese texts — the earliest dating to 1110 — specified the use of saponin ( from the beans of Gleditschia sinensis ) to extract hormones, but gypsum ( containing calcium sulfate ) was also known to have been used.

Parry and Lord also showed that the most likely source for written texts of the epics of Homer was dictation from an oral performance.

But by first calling the final product Novum Instrumentum omne (" All of the New Teaching ") and later Novum Testamentum omne (" All of the New Testament ") he also indicated clearly that he considered a consistently parallelized version of both the Greek and the Latin texts as the essential dual core of the church's New Testament tradition.

Chinese texts of the 3rd century tell of the mechanical carriage's functions, and as one li is traversed, a mechanical-driven wooden figure strikes a drum, and when ten li is traversed, another wooden figure would strike a gong or a bell with its mechanical-operated arm.

There are a considerable amount of Islamic texts that refer to Khosrau's reign that it is sometimes hard to tell what is fact and what is fallacy.

Buddhist texts tell of the birth of the Buddhist Chinnamunda.

Typically, these games contain relatively few non-player characters and, as a result, frequently tell much of their story second-hand through the usage of journals, texts, or audio logs.

It has been speculated that the sunstone (; a different mineral than the gem-quality sunstone ) mentioned in medieval Icelandic texts was Iceland spar and that Vikings used its light-polarizing property to tell the direction of the sun on cloudy days, for navigational purposes.

Jain texts tell how Ajatashatru used two new weapons: a catapult, and a covered chariot with swinging mace that has been compared to a modern tank.

The two texts tell of battles fought by the Tuatha Dé Danann, the first against the Fir Bolg, the second against the Fomorians.

Besides this document, other texts from various sources tell the origin of Gurungs.

All the Jewish-Christian Gospels survive only as fragments in quotations, so it is difficult to tell if they are independent texts or variations of each other.

The Hebrew wisdom evident in these works is a departure from early Hebraic texts that tell of the decrees of God through prophets and kings to acknowledgment of the plethora of human emotions in daily life and recommendations on how humans can maintain a relationship with God.

Jain texts tell that he used two new weapons, a catapult and a covered chariot with swinging mace that has been compared to modern tanks.

As an editor, while making many false conjectures, he was responsible for clearing many long-standing errors in the traditional texts.

A study of the relevant texts in Scripture allows the narrowing of the start of the Pekah / Menahem rivalry on the death of Shallum to the month of Nisan, 752 BC, as Thiele showed in the second edition of Mysterious Numbers, pp. 87 – 88.

On a homiletical level, the classic Chassidic texts explain the sisters ' rivalry as more than marital jealousy.

It has been claimed that the rivalry between Gentile Christians and Jewish Christians brought about the intentional destruction of Hebrew texts.

There was a certain rivalry between the two formulae-Pax vobis and Dominus vobiscum-and some councils ( notably that of Braga in 561 ) ordained that both bishops and priests should employ the same form of salutation ( for the texts, see the bibliography ).

Under the heading of " practices ," his class considers how readers read and marked up their books, forms of note-taking, and the interrelation between reading and writing from copying and translating to composing new texts.

There are similarities and differences between such figures in reports about Basilides ' teaching, ancient Gnostic texts, the larger Greco-Roman magical traditions, and modern magical and esoteric writings.

Since some modern scholars do detect subtle theological and historical differences between the texts, such scholars do not subscribe to the rough-draft / polished-draft theory.

Proto-Isaiah is divided between verse and prose passages: a currently popular theory is that the verse passages represent the prophecies of the original Isaiah, while the prose sections are " sermons " on his texts composed at the court of Josiah, at the end of the 7th century BCE.

However, the similarity between the central concerns of Job and those of certain ancient Babylonian and Egyptian texts reveals a shared interest in the question of why the innocent suffer.

Obviously, the conflict between seeing and not-seeing exists in early texts as well as later ones.

One of the most extensive was perhaps the work done in Riga by Krisjanis Barons who between the years between 1894 and 1915 published six volumes including the texts of 217 996 Latvian folk songs ; the Latvju dainas.

Collection of texts written between 1969 and 1972.

The Renaissance and fall of the Byzantine Empire ( 1453 ) was accompanied by an influx of Greek scholars and manuscripts to the West, allowing direct comparison between the Arabic commentaries and the original Greek texts of Galen.

The usual meaning of gnostikos in Classical Greek texts is " learned " or " intellectual ", such as used in the comparison of " practical " ( praktikos ) and " intellectual " ( gnostikos ) in Plato's dialogue between Young Socrates and the Foreigner in his The Statesman ( 258e ).

Other students have noted a range of textual similarities between passages in the Gospel of Barnabas, and variously the texts of a series of late medieval vernacular harmonies of the four canonical gospels ( in Middle English and Middle Dutch, but especially in Middle Italian ); which are all speculated as deriving from a lost Vetus Latina version of the Diatessaron of Tatian.

A detailed comparison between the surviving Italian and Spanish texts shows numerous places where the Spanish reading appears to be secondary, as for example, where a word necessary for the meaning is missing in the Spanish text but present in the Italian.

During the Tang Dynasty ( 618 – 907 ) between the 7th and 9th century AD, wood blocks were cut to print on textiles and later to reproduce Buddhist texts.

After his mother died in 1910, Peano divided his time between teaching, working on texts aimed for secondary schooling including a dictionary of mathematics, and developing and promoting his and other auxiliary languages, becoming a revered member of the international auxiliary language movement.

His publication and design of the classic audio-visual magazines Cinquième Saison and OU between 1958 and 1974, each issue containing recordings as well as texts, images, screenprints and multiples, brought together international contemporary writers and artists such as members of Lettrisme and Fluxus, Jiri Kolar, Ian Hamilton Finlay, Tom Phillips, Brion Gysin, William S. Burroughs and many others, as well as bringing the work of survivors from earlier generations such as Raoul Hausmann and Marcel Janco to a fresh audience.

A second classical distinction is between the Written Torah ( laws written in the Hebrew Bible, specifically its first five books ), and Oral Law, laws believed transmitted orally prior to compilation in texts such as the Mishnah, Talmud, and Rabbinic codes.

The Pyramid Texts from ancient Egypt are one of the oldest known religious texts in the world dating to between 2400-2300 BCE.

Based on the Man ' yōgana system, Old Japanese can be reconstructed as having 88 distinct syllables ; texts written with Man ' yōgana use two different kanji for each of the syllables now pronounced ( the Kojiki has 88, but all later texts have 87, the distinction between mo < sub > 1 </ sub > and mo < sub > 2 </ sub > apparently being lost immediately following its composition ).

The vowel system would have to have shrunk some time between these texts and the invention of the kana in the early 9th century.

There are subtle yet key differences between the Greek manuscripts and these texts.

Whereas sodomy between men, men and women, and men and animals was punishable by death in Britain, acknowledgment of sexual contact between women was nonexistent in medical and legal texts.

Faced with a contradiction between two equally authentic texts of the statute, the court considered which interpretation better served the objects and purposes of the statute, and hence found that they are binding.